Green Car Congress

JUNE 4, 2013

Venezuela’s PDVSA signed a $4.0-billion, billion, 8-year loan agreement with China Development Bank (CDB) for boosting production at the Sinovensa heavy oil joint venture in the Orinoco belt from 140,000 barrels per day to 330,000 barrels per day by 2016. Venezuela will also receive two other loans from China: one for $1.5

Venezuela 186

Venezuela Oil China Production 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2015

A team at the University of Calgary (Canada) has compared the energy intensities and lifecycle GHG emissions of unconventional oils (oil sands and oil shale) alongside shale gas, coal, lignite, wood and conventional oil and gas. This is not the same as crude oil occurring naturally in shales, as in the Bakken.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Energy Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

Chevron’s focus on optimizing the thermal management of the Kern River field has resulted in a steady drop in the steam:oil ratio (barrels steam water per barrel oil), resulting in improved economics of the field even with slowly declining production. Data: California DOGGR. Click to enlarge. Source: Chevron. Click to enlarge.

Chevron 244

Chevron Oil Oil-Sands Production 244

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands. Source: FEIS, Appendix V.

Oil-Sands 253

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Drive Electric

AUGUST 9, 2022

Another common concern for Kiwi drivers is that even if a charging station is within range, the time it takes to charge the vehicle will be too long and inconvenient. There are two main sources of lithium in the world; hard rock mines and brine water. Battery metals vs. oil as a source of tension and instability.

Environment 98

Environment Electric Vehicles New Zealand Vehicles 98

Drive Electric

AUGUST 9, 2022

Another common concern for Kiwi drivers is that even if a charging station is within range, the time it takes to charge the vehicle will be too long and inconvenient. There are two main sources of lithium in the world; hard rock mines and brine water. Battery metals vs. oil as a source of tension and instability.

Environment 52

Environment Electric Vehicles New Zealand Vehicles 52