article thumbnail

Benchmark: Indonesia could become major cobalt producer; forecasts 30x boost

Green Car Congress

Although HPAL is able to leach nickel and cobalt quickly from laterite ores, it is challenged by corrosion and erosion and energy requirements, as well as operational and maintenance issues. HPAL has been used since 1961 when it was first put into commercial production at Moa Bay, Cuba.

Indonesia 236