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Benchmark: Indonesia could become major cobalt producer; forecasts 30x boost

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These fines are mixed with water to create a slurry which is then preheated. HPAL has been used since 1961 when it was first put into commercial production at Moa Bay, Cuba. Indonesia’s nickel and cobalt are key components in global lithium ion battery supply chains.

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Perspective: Why Carbon Emissions Should Not Have Been the Focus of the UN Climate Change Summit and Why the 15th Conference of the Parties Should Have Focused on Technology Transfer

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Experts predict that by the year 2060 global warming, if left unchecked, could result in a temperature rise of seven degrees Fahrenheit higher than temperatures before the Industrial Revolution when man started widespread use of coal and other fossil fuels. According to the IEA, global energy demand will grow 55% by 2030.