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Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Green Car Congress

He points out that because of high fuel taxes and the resulting high cost of gasoline in Europe, the existing fleet of passenger cars there is already more efficient than the US fleet, so implementing stringent fuel efficiency standards would be more costly for Europe.

Standards 218
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IEA technology and policy reports outline paths to halving fuel used for combustion-engined road transport in less than 40 years

Green Car Congress

IEA fuel economy readiness index status, 2010. New propulsion systems requiring new fuels, such as plug-in electric vehicle systems and fuel cell systems, are beyond the scope of this technology roadmap and are treated in separate roadmaps. Average fuel economy and new vehicles registrations, 2005 and 2008.