Green Car Congress
SEPTEMBER 22, 2021
The powertrains analyzed include conventional diesel; diesel hybrid electric; plug-in hybrid electric; compressed natural gas; fuel cell electric; and battery all-electric. —Chad Hunter, lead author of the report and former NREL researcher. —Hunter et al.
Green Car Congress
JUNE 15, 2021
The study considers five different powertrains (internal combustion engine, hybrid-electric, plug-in hybrid-electric, fuel-cell-electric, and battery-electric) and 12 cost components (purchase cost, depreciation, financing, fuel, insurance, maintenance, repair, taxes, registration fees, tolls and parking, payload capacity and labor).
Green Car Congress
AUGUST 14, 2021
The study looked at several powertrains: internal combustion engine, hybrid electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, fuel cell electric vehicle and battery electric vehicle. Overall, hybrid electric vehicles tend to be the lowest-cost powertrain.
Green Car Congress
AUGUST 21, 2013
Neutrons (along with protons) are fundamental particles that constitute the nucleus of most atoms (hydrogen being the exception). Another major difference is that the intensity of x-ray scattering increases with the electron density of a material; light elements such as hydrogen and lithium thus make very little contribution to scattering.
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