Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2013

They tested these fuels in a 2009 Honda Odyssey (a Tier 2 Bin 5 vehicle) over triplicate LA92 cycles, and determined emissions of oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, non-methane organic gases (NMOG), unburned alcohols, carbonyls, and C 1 ?C C 8 hydrocarbons (particularly 1,3-butadiene and benzene).

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Alcohol Blend Light Emissions 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

The GDI tailpipe particulates consist mainly of EC (elemental carbon), OM (organic matter) and small amounts of inorganic ions. 2014) “Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends,” SAE Int. The mass percentage of EC in the total tailpipe PM increased as load increased.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

d) further provides for alcohol blends as follows: Special provisions for alcohol blends. (1) Hydrous ethanol blends (oxygenated hydrocarbons) lower engine operating temperatures due to cooling of intake fuel mixture with 3-6% more water and increasing heat of vaporization when compared to anhydrous ethanol.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317