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Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

Green Car Congress

Researchers from Tsinghua University and Peking University have investigated the effects of fuel properties on particulate emissions gasoline direct injection engines (GDI). The GDI tailpipe particulates consist mainly of EC (elemental carbon), OM (organic matter) and small amounts of inorganic ions. 2015.11.019 Storey, J.,

Gasoline 150
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Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

d) further provides for alcohol blends as follows: Special provisions for alcohol blends. (1) Hydrous ethanol blends (oxygenated hydrocarbons) lower engine operating temperatures due to cooling of intake fuel mixture with 3-6% more water and increasing heat of vaporization when compared to anhydrous ethanol.