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Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx

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viscosity and heat of vaporization) resulted in a negative impact on carbon monoxide emissions at low load due to combustion inefficiencies. The engine was operated at stoichiometric conditions where the oxygen concentration was controlled by a Heated Exhaust Gas Oxygen (HEGO) sensor. For the study, the team used a fou-cylinder, 2.0-liter

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Massachusetts to Accept Only Waste-Derived Biofuels to Qualify for Mandate for Diesel and Home Heating Oil

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Other forms of renewable biomass—agricultural crop residues, dedicated energy crops, or algae—are excluded. For consideration as a qualifying fuel, the waste-derived biofuel must yield a 50% greenhouse gas reduction threshold required in the Massachusetts law as determined by a preliminary analysis based on both CARB and EPA methodologies.