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U Calgary study finds oil shale most energy intensive upgraded fuel followed by in-situ-produced bitumen from oil sands

Green Car Congress

In a paper published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , they report that lignite is the most GHG intensive primary fuel followed by oil shale. Oil shale is the most energy intensive fuel among upgraded primary fossil fuel options followed by in-situ -produced bitumen from oil sands. Earlier post.).

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State Department releases final environmental impact statement on Keystone XL Pipeline Project; analysis of GHG emissions

Green Car Congress

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. Implementation of the No Action Alternative would not meet this need. Source: FEIS, Appendix V. Click to enlarge.

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As Electric Car Makers Ante Up Billions, Software Is Ace in the Hole

Cars That Think

Deciding that the future of transportation, and therefore their survival, will be based on EVs, many of the top auto companies have promised to end production of their internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles by 2035, if not earlier.