Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines
Green Car Congress
DECEMBER 14, 2015
The GDI tailpipe particulates consist mainly of EC (elemental carbon), OM (organic matter) and small amounts of inorganic ions. 2014) “Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends,” SAE Int. The mass percentage of EC in the total tailpipe PM increased as load increased.
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