Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.

Exhaust 319

Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece 319

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2016

Core exhaust loss. The “Core exhaust” loss is primarily due to thermal energy lost to the surroundings, although some excess kinetic energy and fluid friction associated pressure losses contribute as well. Core exhaust loss. Bypass flow loss.

Engine 150

Engine Exhaust Concept France 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2009

Despite a reduction in road transport exhaust emissions across Europe, there have been no significant improvements in concentrations of fine particulates (PM 10 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), which have a major impact on air quality and human health. Transport at a crossroads. EEA Report No 3/2009 ).

Transportation 150

Transportation Czech Republic 2006 Romania 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2014

In this case GHG and other pollutants will still be emitted, but they can be reduced through exhaust gas cleaning systems or carbon capture and storage. For example, the availability of land to grow biofuels is a significant barrier to its widespread use, with an area the size of Greece required to produce 50 million tonnes of biodiesel.

Alternative Fuels 231

Alternative Fuels Fuel Gas-Electric Mariner 231