Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2009

GM is embracing the use of communications standards that operate with optional data transports to enable smart charging and integration with the emerging smart grid. A network of smart loads with communications to report their current state and act on smart grid commands. EVSE=Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment. Source: GM.

Grid 239

Grid Plug-in Standards Plug 239

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

Relevant plug-in vehicles that drive customer demand and are connected; Enabling technologies like advanced batteries and sophisticated software controls; A capable/green grid; and, Plug-in ready communities with supporting policies. Source: EPRI. Source: EPRI. EPRI sees the charging infrastructure as a pyramid.

Plug-in 199

Plug-in Plug San Francisco GM 199

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Despite this, a 2003 EPRI study , assuming only $2/gallon gas , zero buying incentives, and a PHEV premium of $3-$5,000 more than standard hybrids, shows that the total lifetime cost of ownership for a PHEV will be lower than that of any other vehicle type -- so the payback will be there. Whats Vehicle-to-Grid and why would I like it?

PHEV 37

PHEV Nickel Metal Hydride Prius EPRI 37

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Small long-term evaluation program, including modeling of vehicle-to-grid building benefits and economics, begun with Southern California Edison, joined by EPRI, other utilities, US DOE. General Motors Chevy Volt series PHEV, which it calls "extended range electric vehicle" (EREV), part of "E-Flex" multi-fuel platform.

Plug-in 45

Plug-in Plug Hybrid PHEV 45