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U Calgary study finds oil shale most energy intensive upgraded fuel followed by in-situ-produced bitumen from oil sands

Green Car Congress

A team at the University of Calgary (Canada) has compared the energy intensities and lifecycle GHG emissions of unconventional oils (oil sands and oil shale) alongside shale gas, coal, lignite, wood and conventional oil and gas. GJ/m 3 , the results shows that on average,on average the SAGD oil sands industry is achieving ∼4.1

Oil-Sands 150
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How to Prevent Blackouts by Packetizing the Power Grid

Cars That Think

Similar mismatches in supply and demand contributed to massive cascading blackouts in August 2003 in the northeastern United States and Canada, in July 2012 in India , and in March 2019 in Venezuela. Second, conventional coal and nuclear plants are being retired for economic and policy reasons, removing stable sources from the grid.