Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx
Green Car Congress
SEPTEMBER 3, 2017
viscosity and heat of vaporization) resulted in a negative impact on carbon monoxide emissions at low load due to combustion inefficiencies. Furthermore, butanol’s higher latent heat of vaporization results in further cooling charge effect in GDI engines, which increases the volumetric and thermal efficiency. higher flame speed).
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