Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

Relevant plug-in vehicles that drive customer demand and are connected; Enabling technologies like advanced batteries and sophisticated software controls; A capable/green grid; and, Plug-in ready communities with supporting policies. Source: EPRI. Source: EPRI. EPRI sees the charging infrastructure as a pyramid.

Plug-in 199

Plug-in Plug San Francisco GM 199

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Despite this, a 2003 EPRI study , assuming only $2/gallon gas , zero buying incentives, and a PHEV premium of $3-$5,000 more than standard hybrids, shows that the total lifetime cost of ownership for a PHEV will be lower than that of any other vehicle type -- so the payback will be there. Whats Vehicle-to-Grid and why would I like it?

PHEV 37

PHEV Nickel Metal Hydride Prius EPRI 37

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Audi Volkswagen-owned company exploring PHEVs Metroproject Quattro Sub-compact PHEV Concept Car shown October 2007; PHEV of A1 Sportback under consideration Bright Automotive For-profit spin off from Rocky Mountain Institute designing lightweight PHEVs, successor to RMIs 1990s "Hypercar" concept. Has shown some concept fuel-cell PHEVs.

Plug-in 45

Plug-in Plug Hybrid PHEV 45