Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2021

Clean Air Act regulations require manufacturers to notify EPA by filing an Emissions Defect Information Report (EDIR) when 25 or more vehicles or engines in a given model year have the same defect in an emission control part or an element of design installed in order to comply with emission standards and other EPA regulations.

Toyota 220

Toyota Cleaning Clean EPA 220

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

The easiest conversions are for 2004-2008 Prius (not 2001-2003 Prius) and the Ford Escape/Mercury Mariner Hybrid. As for warranties , there is legal precedent that original auto warranties cannot be voided completely by modifications — only the part(s) affected by retrofit will have their warranties affected. Go to Hymotion.com.

Plug-in 41

Plug-in Plug Hybrid Nickel Metal Hydride 41

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2013

The high-voltage system is designed to cope with accidents beyond the legal requirements, with the high-voltage battery including features that ensure its safe reaction even in situations such as this. These methods have been in use successfully in BMW workshops since 2003. Any authorized BMW i dealer can repair the outer skin.

BMW 306

BMW Plug-in 2014 MPG 306

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Despite this, a 2003 EPRI study , assuming only $2/gallon gas , zero buying incentives, and a PHEV premium of $3-$5,000 more than standard hybrids, shows that the total lifetime cost of ownership for a PHEV will be lower than that of any other vehicle type -- so the payback will be there. Power and Associates 2004 report ].

PHEV 37

PHEV Nickel Metal Hydride Prius EPRI 37