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False Starts: The Story of Vehicle-to-Grid Power

Cars That Think

In 2001, a team of engineers at a then-obscure R&D company called AC Propulsion quietly began a groundbreaking experiment. It occurred in the wake of the California electricity crisis of 2000 and 2001, when mismanaged deregulation, market manipulation, and environmental catastrophe combined to unhinge the power grid.

Grid 138
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First drive: Volvo XC90 T8 Drive-E Twin Engine PHEV sets a high bar for full-size luxury SUV plug-ins in US

Green Car Congress

The all-wheel drive powertrain of the XC90 plug-in hybrid combines the torque and power of the T6 engine, plus the ERAD in the rear and the C-ISG in the front. Volvo had proposed an early version of the Crankshaft-Integrated Starter Generator (C-ISG) in 2001; that 42V system was intended for a mild hybrid application. All wheel drive.

Volvo 150