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Harvard team demonstrates new metal-free organic–inorganic aqueous flow battery; potential breakthrough for low-cost grid-scale storage

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AQDSH 2 refers to the reduced form of AQDS. These features lower the capital cost of storage chemicals per kilowatt hour, which sets a floor on the ultimate system cost per kilowatt hour at any scale. Cell schematic. Discharge mode is shown; the arrows are reversed for electrolytic/charge mode. Huskinson et al.

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PNNL study outlines requirements for grid storage, reviews four electrochemical energy storage systems: vanadium redox flow, Na-beta, Li-ion and lead-carbon

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Classification of potential electrical storage for stationary applications. To smooth out the intermittency of renewable energy production, low-cost electrical energy storage (EES) will become necessary. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

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