Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.

Ozone 218

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

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MIT Emissions Ozone Power 378

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. De Gouw said the VOC emissions are likely generated by the production process, not the coal-burning that powers it. —Joost de Gouw. de Gouw et al.

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Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). No matter how the power is generated, the more combustion cars you take off the road, the better the ozone quality.

Conversion 281

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal 281

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

Electric power generation is the greatest contributor to out-of-state pollution-related deaths, the findings suggest. In 2005, for example, deaths caused by sulfur dioxide emitted by power plant smokestacks occurred in another state in more than 75% of cases. and/or ozone. Early-death source–receptor matrices for 2011.

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MIT Pollution Emissions 2005 307

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 18, 2020

A new study led by researchers from Northwestern University projects that if electric vehicles replaced 25% of combustion engine cars currently on the road, the United States would save approximately $17 billion annually by avoiding damages from climate change and air pollution. The open-access paper is published in AGU’s journal GeoHealth.

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Climate Change Pollution Climate 2014 261

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2013

The approximate linear relationship for each region is notable, suggesting that the dependence of urban NO 2 pollution upon population follows a power law scaling with population. Resources. Credit: ACS, Lamsal et al. Click to enlarge. —Lok Lamsal, lead author. Lamsal, R. Martin, D. Parrish, and N.

Pollution 261

Pollution Power Powered India 261

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

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Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

According to a new study led by a team at Duke University, airborne particulate matter and dust are cutting solar photovoltaic energy output by more than 25% in certain parts of the world, with roughly equal contributions from ambient PM and PM deposited on photovoltaic surfaces. Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge. 7b00197.

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Solar Energy Global Production 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2017

Although China and India remain the world’s largest consumers of coal, a new University of Maryland-led study found that China’s sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 75% since 2007, while India’s emissions increased by 50%. Most of the two countries’ sulfur dioxide emissions come from coal-fired power plants and coal-burning factories.

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India 2007 Emissions Aura 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. —Dunmore et al. Dunmore, R. Hopkins, J. Lidster, R. Rickard, A. and Hamilton, J.

London 150

London Pollution Diesel Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The process involves swirling the gas with air as part of the power generation process. Still, emission levels were higher than the Japanese environmental regulations for gas power turbines.

Emissions 308

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global 308

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 26, 2019

The production of air pollution from motor vehicles, industrial power plants, and fossil fuel emissions are determined by complex chemical reactions. The researchers compared current techniques used to describe atmospheric chemical reactions against more historical techniques. Stockwell, Emily Saunders, Wendy S. Goliff & Rosa M.

Emissions 170

Emissions El Paso Pollution Ozone 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

In contrast, the industrial and power sectors release many of the same gases—with a larger contribution to radiative forcing—but they also emit sulfates and other aerosols that cause cooling by reflecting light and altering clouds. Total power RF is more robust than for industry (~50-70% versus ~40-120%). Unger et al.

Transportation 391

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered 391

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. This has been hard to achieve for diesel powered cars, which nowadays mostly rely on selective catalytic reduction due to the high air to fuel ratio during combustion.

Europe 150

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have performed life cycle assessments (LCA) of three batteries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and full performance battery electric (BEV) vehicles. Flow diagram of the battery system, defined by the functional unit of 50 MJ stored and delivered to the powertrain.

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Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion 334

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2012

Computer scientists at the University of California, San Diego have built a portable pollution sensors that transmit transmit their air quality readings to smart phones, allowing users to monitor air quality in real time. Boxes represent pollution reading locations during that window. Nikzad et al. Click to enlarge. —Nikzad et al.

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Pollution San Diego Ozone 2012 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

The monsoon is one of the most powerful atmospheric circulation systems on the planet and it happens to form right over a heavily polluted region. This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer.

Pollution 246

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone 246

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

The three were designed to resemble proposed US climate policies, with the clean-energy standard requiring emissions reductions from power plants similar to those proposed in the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Power Plan. Savings from health benefits dwarf the estimated $14 billion cost of a cap-and-trade program.

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MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2011

In the first empirical study using satellite measurements to explore the relationship between urban form and air pollution, a team from the University of Minnesota has found that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have, on average, lower concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , a key component of urban air pollution).

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Pollution Ozone Minnesota Global 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Jacobson at Stanford University. Soot could be further reduced by converting vehicles to run on renewable electric power. 1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. These three gases are all greenhouse gases, and ozone is a surface air pollutant. Dessler et al.,

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Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. GW = global warming; Eut. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge. —Yang et al.

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Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Cars That Think

JULY 20, 2021

For example, economic historians have argued that the Black Death plague may have contributed to the destruction of the feudal system in Western Europe by increasing the bargaining power of laborers, who were more in demand. Resources then move from the weaker to stronger entities, and average productivity increases.

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Chad London Iceland Ozone 98

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

As reported earlier here ( earlier post ) a recent literature review by a team from the University of Edinburgh (Timmers et al. The team found that both interventions were associated with a decreased exposure to noise, with the effects of 50% electric-powered car being slightly higher. The role of EVs. Denier van der Gon, H.A.C.,

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Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. million vehicles and would have increased by 3 tpd from power plants.

Denver 170

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

These projects have brought together a wide variety of companies, the national laboratories, and universities. The SuperTruck projects incorporated a number of vehicle power demand technologies that accounted for about 56 to 74% of the total fuel consumption reductions, with 26 to 44% coming from engine efficiency improvements.

MPG 150

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

The Bakken Formation, a shale oil and gas field in North Dakota and Montana, is emitting roughly 2% (about 250,000 tons per year) of the globe’s ethane, according to new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan. Hydrocarbons react with NO x and sunlight to produce ozone. Ground-level ozone leads to poor air quality.

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Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Brazil introduced its current generation of ethanol-powered cars in 2003, the same year in which anhydrous ethanol consumption peaked. 80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year.

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Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

The study, by a team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of Georgia, Aerodyne Research, California Air Resources Board (ARB), Ohio State University, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential.

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Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

power from renewable sources—wind, solar, geothermal, biomass or landfill gas, hydropower, and marine and hydrokinetic—for retail electricity suppliers beginning at 6% in 2012 and gradually rising to 25% in 2025 and continuing at that level through 2039. The draft establishes a Renewable Portfolio Standard—i.e., Clean Fuels and Vehicles.

Climate 186

Climate Standards Carbon California 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2014

A single battery pack is assumed to power the vehicle during its whole life. Units of the X-axis values are different and shown under each impact category name on Y-axis. Credit: ACS, Li et al. Click to enlarge. kWh battery pack was used in an average mid-sized EV with a weight of 4270 lb (1936.8 —Li et al.

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Li-ion Batteries Battery Milwaukee 265

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

A new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan compared regulated and unregulated emissions from both light-duty passenger car (1.7 Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. Credit: ACS, Chin et al. Click to enlarge. L) and medium-duty (6.4 —Chin et al.

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Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine 231

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2009

Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. Other participating members of the study included the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and the University of Otago in New Zealand. Perhaps the most important aspect of the Paulot et al.

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Climate New Zealand Denmark 2009 150