Ozone, Powered and Resource

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. Ozone is harmful to humans at ground-level, causing pulmonary and heart disease. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. pollution is falling, harmful ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise, especially in large cities. There was so much particulate matter in Chinese cities that it stunted the ozone production.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2015

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Even short periods of unhealthy ozone levels can cause local death rates to rise. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

Modelling the Impact of PHEVs on Ozone in Denver

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Denver represents an interesting case study for exploring potential PHEV impacts because it violates the federal air quality standard for ozone and because several large EGUs [electricity generating units] are located in or near the urbanized area. million vehicles and would have increased by 3 tpd from power plants. Brinkman et al.

Denver

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. De Gouw said the VOC emissions are likely generated by the production process, not the coal-burning that powers it. —Joost de Gouw. de Gouw et al.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

FCA recalls 850,000+ gasoline vehicles due to problem with catalytic converters

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2019

Fiat-Chrysler of America (FCA) will recall more than 850,000 gasoline-powered passenger cars and SUVs due to a problem with their catalytic converters. The recall was announced after an investigation by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2011-2012 MY Dodge Caliber (PM FWD CVT).

Convert

Convert Gasoline Ozone Dodge

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

The first is the Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO), which aims to advance combustion engine technology and simultaneously reduce criteria emissions, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and ozone. —Doug Longman, section manager of engine combustion research within Argonne’s Energy Systems division.

Carbon

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

The levels of these non-fuel-derived gases will likely remain unchanged, even as more drivers transition from gas-powered to electric vehicles. Another important component of emissions is volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a broad classification of carbon-based molecules that are easily vaporized and that can contribute to ozone formation.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and Perhaps the most intriguing link is between emissions of methane and the formation of tropospheric ozone.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

Electric power generation is the greatest contributor to out-of-state pollution-related deaths, the findings suggest. In 2005, for example, deaths caused by sulfur dioxide emitted by power plant smokestacks occurred in another state in more than 75% of cases. and/or ozone. Early-death source–receptor matrices for 2011.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). Across scenarios, we found the more cars that transitioned to electric power, the better for summertime ozone levels.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2020

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) announced a settlement with Del Monte Fresh Produce N.A. The auxiliary engines covered under this regulation power the electricity and other onboard operations during a vessel’s visit, which can run from less than one day to several days. Del Monte Fresh Produce N.A.

Ozone

Ozone Fleet Mariner Pollution

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2017

and of 10 ppb in ozone were associated with increases in all-cause mortality of 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.1 of less than 12 μg per cubic meter and ozone of less than 50 ppb, the same increases in PM 2.5 and ozone were associated with increases in the risk of death of 13.6% (95% CI, 13.1 and 1.1% (95% CI, 1.0

Pollution

Pollution Ozone United States Personal

Study Concludes that Rocket Launches May Need Regulation to Prevent Ozone Depletion

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. With the reduction in on-road black carbon, regulators are turning to focus on off-road mobile, fuel combustion in the industrial and power sectors, and woodstoves and fireplaces.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climate change [kg CO 2 -eq.].

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2013

Number of premature PM 2.5 - and ozone-related deaths attributable to seven broad classes of sectors in 2016 (thousands of premature deaths). and ozone air quality levels, population exposure and health burden to 23 industrial point, area, mobile and international emission sectors in the Continental US in 2005 and 2016.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone EPA 2005

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. In the new hybrid-electric, or turbo-electric, design, a plane’s source of power would still be a conventional gas turbine, but it would be integrated within the plane’s cargo hold.

MIT

MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric

Eaton introduces set of products to reduce vapor emissions during refueling; LEV III regulations

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2021

Power management company Eaton has introduced a complete suite of solutions from its Vehicle Group to reduce vapor emissions produced during the refueling of gasoline-powered vehicles. This leakage occurs in all gasoline-powered vehicles, including passenger cars and an increasing number of small- and mid-sized commercial vehicles.

Eaton

Eaton Emissions Gasoline-Electric Production

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. This option allows trading only among power plants within a state.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation DC

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2013

The approximate linear relationship for each region is notable, suggesting that the dependence of urban NO 2 pollution upon population follows a power law scaling with population. Resources. log relationship between NO 2 mixing ratios and the total population of urban areas for the four regions. Credit: ACS, Lamsal et al. Lamsal, R.

Pollution

Pollution Power Powered India

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. It saw a steep increase in oil and gas activity over the past decade, powered by advances in hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, and horizontal drilling.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 18, 2020

They found if 25% of US drivers adopted electric vehicles in 2014, and the power required to charge their batteries came from 2014’s energy generation infrastructure, then 250 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions would have been mitigated. Peters, D. Schnell, J. Kinney, P. Naik, V., & Horton, D. GeoHealth , 4, e2020GH000275.

Climate Change

Climate Change Pollution Climate 2014

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

CARB approves $423M plan to mitigate harm from Volkswagen defeat devices; significant investments in heavy-duty vehicles and equipment sectors

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2018

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved a plan to mitigate statewide harm from more than 10,000 tons of smog-causing pollutants released in the state due to Volkswagen’s (VW) use of illegal “defeat devices” in diesel passenger cars. More than 10 million Californians live in areas in extreme non-compliance areas for ozone.

Ozone

Ozone Vehicles California Emissions

Annual American Lung Association report shows continued progress in air quality, but more to be done

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2011

This year’s report finds that the majority of American cities most-polluted by ozone (smog) or year-round particle pollution (soot) have improved, showing continued progress in the cleanup of toxics under the requirements of the Clean Air Act. When ozone is inhaled, it irritates the lungs. 10 Most Ozone-Polluted Cities.

Los Angeles

Los Angeles Ozone Long Beach Fresno

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Electricity generated by California’s in-state wind power projects, large commercial-scale solar power projects, rooftop solar panels, and hydropower generation stations.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

ROUSH CleanTech develops near-zero NOx propane autogas engine; CARB-certified at 0.02 g/bhp-hr

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2018

Alternative-fuel technology company ROUSH CleanTech has developed the first available propane autogas engine certified to California Air Resources Board’s (CARB’s) optional low oxides of nitrogen emissions standard for heavy-duty engines with 0.02 grams per brake horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr). Earlier post.). g/bhp-hr heavy-duty engine standard.

Engine

Engine Cleaner Ozone Emissions

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2011

Carried long distances across the country by wind and weather, power plant emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) continually travel across state lines. reductions; annual NO x reductions; and ozone-season NO x. among power plants, utilizing an allowance market. Annual SO 2 Power Plant Emissions.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation Ozone

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% An additional 217,000 deaths were attributable to long-term ozone exposure. and ozone (O 3 ). and ozone (O 3 ). Somewhat similar patterns were also evident for ozone.

2013

2013 Ozone Asia Africa

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. Abiotic Resource Depletion Potential (kg Sb equivalent). consumption leading to resources and abiotic depletion.

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Southern Company, and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) are together contributing more than $20 million in research funding to support the SouthEast Atmosphere Study (SAS).

EPRI

EPRI EPA Mercury Ozone

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

On the first day of a two-day board meeting—the second day of which (Friday 24 March) will consider the Advanced Clean Cars Midterm Review—the California Air Resources Board (ARB) took a number of climate and air quality actions. emissions by more than 20%. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate

Climate California Ozone Pollution

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Modelling the Impact of PHEVs on Ozone in Denver

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

FCA recalls 850,000+ gasoline vehicles due to problem with catalytic converters

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

CARB fines Del Monte $2M for violations of OGV at Berth regulation

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

Study Concludes that Rocket Launches May Need Regulation to Prevent Ozone Depletion

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

EPA researchers find deaths from air pollution falling over time, but many sectors continue to pose a risk

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Eaton introduces set of products to reduce vapor emissions during refueling; LEV III regulations

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

Study finds power law scaling relationship between urban population and NO2 pollution

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

CARB approves $423M plan to mitigate harm from Volkswagen defeat devices; significant investments in heavy-duty vehicles and equipment sectors

Annual American Lung Association report shows continued progress in air quality, but more to be done

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

ROUSH CleanTech develops near-zero NOx propane autogas engine; CARB-certified at 0.02 g/bhp-hr

EPA finalizes Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (Transport Rule)

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

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