Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2017

The Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Bern University of Applied Sciences, the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, several industrial partners and Empa were all involved. Levels in exhaust emissions were found to be as much as 1,700 times above this limit. —Norbert Heeb.

Engine 271

Engine Exhaust Gasoline Diesel 271

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2016

A study by researchers from the University of Denver and the University of Puget Sound indicates that high-mileage light-duty fleets contribute higher emissions and emissions share than expected based on their actual numbers in the fleet. In their study, Bishop et al. —Bishop et al. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman, Daniel A.

Emissions 150

Emissions Fleet Light Taxi 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2017

In a study published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels , a team from the University of Vermont reports that particulate matter from the combustion of biodiesel blends may be 50–80% less toxic per unit PM mass emitted than PM from petroleum diesel, depending on feedstock. PM-normalized DTT Activity for biodiesel exhaust PM.

B0 186

B0 Diesel Exhaust Vermont 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 5, 2015

Among their findings were that multi-mode RCCI has the potential to offer greater than 15% fuel economy improvement over a 2009 gasoline PFI baseline over many light-duty driving cycles, despite the lack of complete drive cycle coverage for RCCI mode. Their paper is published in the International Journal of Engine Research. RCCI background.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Light Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

In-use testing of three light duty diesel vehicles—certified to US-EPA Tier2-Bin5 and California LEV-II ULEV emissions limits— found a wide variation in real world emissions performance relative to the regulatory limits. Kappanna (2014) “ In-use emissions testing of light-duty diesel vehicles in the US ”. diesels and one 3.0L

Diesel 230

Diesel Light Emissions Los Angeles 230

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 3, 2021

In much of the world, December is a month of twinkling lights. Whether for religious or secular celebrations, the variety and functionality of lights have exploded in recent years, abetted by cheap and colorful LEDs and compact electronics. But decorative lights aren't new. His tree now boasted 120 lights and more colors.

Light 142

Light Kansas City New York Washington 142

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent. The study used two fuels—an E10 and E15.

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

The study by a team from the University of Birmingham and Newcastle University (UK) and Tsinghua University (China) examined DMF, ethanol, butanol and methanol. Such spark retard strategies are commonly used to reduce catalyst light-off times, albeit at the cost of reduced engine performance and increased CO 2.

Fuel 218

Fuel Gasoline Universal Exhaust 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2016

A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for Exhaust Emission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Exhaust Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Their paper was presented at the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division 2012 Fall Technical Conference by Marcello Canova, assistant professor at OSU; lead author was Philipp Skarke, from the University of Stuttgart Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine.

Waste 312

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2021

Researchers at Monash University in Australia have conducted a lifecycle analysis and net energy analysis (LCA/NEA) of a hypothetical large-scale solar-electrolysis plant for the production of green hydrogen. There is no immediate concern for copper resources, but the average ore grade is declining as higher grade deposits become exhausted.

Solar 459

Solar Hydrogen Emissions Production 459

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2016

ASDS is a system for ammonia storage and delivery that is used to activate the SCR catalysts used on diesel vehicles to remove NOx from the engine exhaust. Conventional dosing technology is based on spraying an aqueous urea solution (diesel exhaust fluid, DEF) into the exhaust stream. At low exhaust temperatures—e.g.

Commercial 150

Commercial Exhaust Vehicles Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2016

A team from the University of Vaasa (Finland) and UPM-Kymmene Corporation has examined how the blends of fossil and renewable diesel produced from crude tall oil (CTO) affect the performance and exhaust emissions of the modern common-rail off-road diesel engine. UPM BioVerno renewable diesel is produced from wood-based tall oil.

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel Oil Engine 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2020

High-power-density traction inverters for use in light-, medium-, or heavy-duty vehicle applications. Development of simulation tools that couple engine combustion with aftertreatment systems to enable optimization of light- or heavy-duty aftertreatment systems for near-zero exhaust emission while maintaining or improving engine efficiency.

Lithium Sulfur 199

Lithium Sulfur Vehicles Energy Storage Affordable 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco 239

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2015

Ultra-Light Door Design, Manufacturing and Demonstration (Area of Interest 2). This project will design, develop, and demonstrate an ultra- light hybrid composite door and utilize predictive engineering (PE) to identify robust material and process design cycles. Clemson University. The Curators of The University of Missouri.

Fuel 150

Fuel Carbon Fiber Lithium Ion Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

Between 2009 and 2011 various workgroups were formed under the umbrella of the UN’s Economic Commission for Europe to develop a new emission-measuring method called the Worldwide Light Duty Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP). The manufacturers will have to disclose the engine control unit functions connected with exhaust gas purification.

Diesel 150

Diesel Buy Vehicles Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

In four campaigns over the year-long study, the team from the University of Toronto measured emissions 15 meters from the roadway, then converted the measurements to fuel-based emission factors (EFs). Hence, GDI PM mass loadings and chemical composition may vary depending on the measurement environment or exhaust conditioning.

Environment 150

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2018

A Dalhousie University-led team has developed a longer-lasting, higher-efficiency platinum catalyst. Platinum catalysts help deactivate exhaust gases from combustion engines. A paper on their work is published in the journal Nature Materials. —Duchesne et al. formic acid oxidation).

Universal 230

Universal Exhaust Carbon 2018 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2015

Conflicting evidence does not support making a firm conclusion on the fuel consumption benefit of catalysed Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), according to a review of current studies by a team at the University of Bath (UK). At higher loads, will the knock control benefit of catalyzed EGR become more apparent?

Fuel 150

Fuel Exhaust Gas Engine 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

A team at the University of Delaware has demonstrated a direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) prototype with a peak power density of 135 mW cm -2 at 80 ?C. At the system level, recycling of ammonia from the anode exhaust and reduction of trace ammonia emissions are needed to create a practical transportation power source.

Delaware 278

Delaware Transportation Fuel Hydrogen 278

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2017

Exhaust composition, however, changes rapidly enough for drivers to experience different conditions inside their vehicles than these roadside sensors. The chemical composition of exhaust changes very quickly, even in the space of just a few feet. Vreeland et al. Click to enlarge. —Heidi Vreeland, first author of the paper.

Pollution 150

Pollution Atlanta Cars Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. Ricardo and the University of Brighton will model and evaluate an advanced split-cycle combustion system aimed at substantially reducing the carbon emissions of heavy-duty vehicles.

Exhaust 285

Exhaust Concept Vehicles Engine 285

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2016

The process involves introduction of a low reactivity fuel into the cylinder to create a well-mixed charge of low reactivity fuel, air and recirculated exhaust gases.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Wisconsin Exhaust Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2018

In the current issue of Nature , economists Peter Cramton, Axel Ockenfels (both University of Cologne) and R. Richard Geddes (Cornell University) propose having drivers pay a dynamic fee for the use of roads. A toll for road use would bring these costs to light and reduce congestion. That’s unfair. —Axel Ockenfels.

Price 170

Price Pollution Environment Universal 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2018

Of those selected, approximately 43% of OPEN 2018 projects will be led by universities, 35% by small businesses, and the remainder by large businesses, non-profit organizations or federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs). University of California, San Diego. University of Delaware.

Engine 247

Engine San Diego Polymer Lithium Ion 247

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2013

liter Volkswagen light-duty diesel engine and Klam dynamometer running at various throttle and brake settings over a 9-mode steady-state cycle to enable triplicate time-resolved measurement of particle number distributions with a scanning mobility particle sizer. In the experiments, they used a 4-cylinder, 1.9-liter

B0 210

B0 Diesel Emissions Exhaust 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2015

The unthrottled nature of the compression ignition process provides high engine efficiency while achieving compliant exhaust emissions with conventional, low-cost aftertreatment. This—in addition to the opposed engine architecture—could increase fuel efficiency by 40-50% over the comparable spark-ignited gasoline engine, Achates said.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

Catalytic converters in cars, for example, reduce emissions by converting exhaust to less toxic compounds. Located in Menlo Park, California, SLAC is operated by Stanford University for the US Department of Energy Office of Science. LCLS and SSRL are supported by the DOE’s Office of Science. Resources. Dell’Angela, T. Anniyev, M.

Insight 225

Insight Universal Denmark Convert 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2016

Michigan Technological University. The Ohio State University. The Pennsylvania State University. Purdue University. University of California, Berkeley. The GM team draws on experience in engine technologies and connected and autonomous vehicles to expedite the project development process.

Connect 150

Connect Connected Vehicles Universal 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2015

The two other recipients are: Dr. Donald Blake, professor of chemistry, University of California Irvine. Smith, professor of global environmental health, University of California Berkeley. The Cummins CTO has consistently taken a proactive environmentally conscious position for the diesel industry throughout his career, ARB said.

Climate Change 150

Climate Change Pollution Climate Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2013

The lower-weight body design—light-weight composite materials save 600 lbs (272 kg) of weight per vehicle—along with the engine, allows every Reach to significantly reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions compared to conventional walk-in vans. The Reach van, with its four-cylinder, 3.0-liter

Fleet 240

Fleet Fuel New York City Isuzu 240

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2016

Ohio State University. Iowa State University. University of Pittsburgh. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Develop new coating and adhesives that enable carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic/aluminum closure panels and validate corrosion testing methods. Description. Federal funding. 1,077,074.

Vehicles 150

Vehicles Plug-in Lithium Ion Universal 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2015

Researchers at Fudan University, with colleagues at the University of Jinan and Chongqing University, have developed alkali- and sulfur-resistant tungsten-based catalysts for SCR NO x emissions control. Na and K) and alkaline earth metals impurities in a light-duty application. Williams, A., McCormick, R.,

2013 150

2013 2015 Universal Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2014

As the project approaches its mid-point, the research team—led by Ricardo and including Ford Motor Company, Controlled Power Technologies (CPT), the European Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (EALABC), Faurecia and the University of Nottingham—has completed the build of the first functional integration prototype ADEPT vehicle.

Diesel 231

Diesel Downsizing Lead Acid Gasoline-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2018

Researchers at the University of Alberta (Canada) have shown for the first time that road dust is photochemically active; i.e., sunlight causes chemical reactions in the dust. We found that when you shine light on road dust, it produces a reactive form of oxygen called singlet oxygen. —Sarah Styler, corresponding author.

Cape Verde 170

Cape Verde Niger Arizona Exhaust 170