Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2020

The open-access study was published in AGU Advances, a journal of the American Geophysical Union. The new study uses observations from 2003 to 2015 in spring, the cloudiest season, over the shipping route between Europe and South Africa. For comparison, today the Earth is estimated to have warmed by approximately 1 ?C,

Emissions 223

Emissions Pollution 2003 Climate 223

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2017

These additional acidic sites on each hydrophilic side chain provide additional protons for the proton transport and allow for the formation of larger water channels. The water management in the PFIA membrane is of interest, since it is crucial for the performance of the fuel cell: in order to function it needs to be humid but never wet.

Water 170

Water Fuel Hydrogen Low Cost 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85. GW = global warming; Eut. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 357

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

urea-water solution—is injected into the exhaust stream and ideally decomposes to form ammonia, which reacts with NO x on the SCR catalyst to form N 2 and H 2 O. Eighteen surfactants underwent a surface tension evaluation study to determine what type and concentration of surfactant is required to maximize surface tension reduction.

Diesel 284

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine 284

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2020

The e-Bio Fuel Cell system featured an an SOFC stack and an on-board reformer to convert 100% ethanol or ethanol-blended water (55% water, 45% ethanol) to hydrogen. Dilution of ethanol with water increases safety, and is expected to suppress anode coking by increasing the steam-to-carbon ratio. … Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

International 286

International Nissan Hydrogen Vehicles 286

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … in this study the environmental impacts of delivering driven vehicle miles are compared for three different vehicle fleets, each powered either directly or indirectly by natural gas. water depletion potential (WDP). Credit: ACS, Dai and Lastoskie. Click to enlarge.

Gas 218

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2011

Water consumption intensity of ethanol from corn grain and crop residue and the avoided/displaced water use credits assigned to coproducts: DGS and electricity. In their paper, Mishra and Yeh analyze the lifecycle water requirement consumption and withdrawal requirements of ethanol produced from corn and from crop residue.

Water 199

Water Davis Oil-Sands Nebraska 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

A new Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) study shows finds that oil from algae grown in outdoor raceway ponds located in the Gulf Coast, the Southeastern Seaboard and the Great Lakes could replace 17% of the United States’ imported oil for transportation. The paper is published in the journal Water Resources Research.

Oil 281

Oil Water South Carolina Climate 281

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2012

Bitumen production from the Canadian oil sands provides a point of reference that could be used to observe and better manage the land and water impacts of a rapid transition to unconventional fuels, suggests Dr. Sarah Jordaan of the Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Water Oil Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2019

Researchers at the University of Arkansas, with colleagues from Brookhaven National Lab and Argonne National Lab, have found that nanoparticles composed of nickel and iron are more effective and efficient than other more costly materials when used as catalysts in the production of hydrogen fuel through water electrolysis.

Hydrogen 344

Hydrogen Design Arkansas Production 344

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. A recent PSI study led by environmental scientist Christian Bauer found that a battery electric car is already the most environmentally friendly option in Switzerland and many other countries, even when the manufacture of the battery is figured in. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.].

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.)

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2018

That report, the 2016 Billion-Ton Report , volume 1, updated and expanded upon analysis in the 2011 US Billion-Ton Update ( earlier post ), which was preceded by the 2005 US Billion Ton Study ( earlier post ). The duration of this study is unique, Owens pointed out. —Vance Owens.

Production 199

Production South Dakota Grant United States 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2015

The scientists are presenting their findings based on field studies conducted in Leipzig, Germany, and Toronto, Canada, at the 250 th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS). In yet another study, they exposed grime to either artificial sunlight or kept it in the dark.

Ozone 150

Ozone Germany Canada IDEA 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2019

The researchers started by analyzing the economics of hydrogen-, nitrogen-, and carbon-based fuels made by carbon-neutral pathways in a post-fossil world in which only water, air, and renewable electricity are available for fuel synthesis. Source-to-tank cost comparison of carbon-neutral transportation fuels. Zhao et al.

Delaware 370

Delaware Fuel Hydrogen Vehicles 370

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 12, 2016

A research team from University of Western Ontario, McMaster University and Beijing Computational Science Research Center has developed an effective synthesis method to produce isolated single platinum (Pt) atoms and clusters for use as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting to produce hydrogen.

Water 150

Water Hydrogen Insight Universal 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2012

Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) derived from oleaginous microbes—microalgae, yeast, and bacteria—can effectively displace both petroleum diesel and biodiesel produced from plant oils, according to the findings of a new study by a team from Utah State University. Plant-based oils, commonly used to produce biodiesel (e.g.,

Diesel 316

Diesel Oil Fuel Exhaust 316

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2015

Specifically, the team looked at 25 models and found they underestimate the increase in absorption of sunlight by water vapor as the atmosphere becomes moister, and therefore overestimate increases in global precipitation. The absorption of sunlight by water vapor is vital to understand future global precipitation changes.

Climate Change 150

Climate Change Climate Global Los Angeles 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Schematic of systems considered in the study. A paper on the study was published online 19 January in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. For all crops, the entire plant was used to facilitate comparison on a total energy basis. Credit: ACS, Clarens et al. Click to enlarge. 0.4 ± 0.05. 1.8 ± 0.58. 3.3 ± 0.86.

Water 218

Water Waste Energy Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

In the future, hydrogen produced through water electrolysis is expected to be used to store energy as a way of compensating for solar or wind power’s intermittent output. In addition to being a carrier of energy, hydrogen could also be a source of energy, and its combustion would emit water (H 2 O) instead of CO 2.

Hydrogen 225

Hydrogen Industrial Industry Water 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2012

Guide G205 is a step toward the creation of an industry-wide standard test to measure the corrosivity of different crude oils under pipeline conditions, since it describes test methods that enable a direct comparison of the corrosivity of crude oils from various sources. In the absence of water, the crude oil is noncorrosive.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Water Canada 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2012

The US’ large resource base of natural gas can be used for cost-effective power generation, with environmental burdens coming primarily from fuel combustion, not resource extraction, according to a new Department of Energy (DOE) study. Historically, the price of natural gas has been volatile.

Gas 231

Gas Supplies Energy Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2014

The study, which was carried out by University of Toronto Scarborough Environmental Chemistry professor Frank Wania and his PhD candidate Abha Parajulee, is published as an open access paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. Accounting for evaporative emissions (e.g., —Parajulee and Wania.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Pollution 220

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2011

The team earlier published LCA results finding that terrestrial bioenergy feedstock crops such as switchgrass, canola and corn have lower environmental life cycle impacts than algae in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and water regardless of cultivation location. environmental burdens (net energy use, water use, and GHG) per VKT.

Transportation 278

Transportation Energy Conversion Water 278

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2013

A new US Geological Survey study finds that US aquifers are being drawn down at an accelerating rate. From 1900 to 2008, US aquifers decreased by more than twice the volume of water found in Lake Erie. For comparison, 9.2 cubic kilometers per year is the historical average calculated over the 1900–2008 timespan of the study.

2008 259

2008 2000 Water United States 259

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2017

A joint study by Controlled Power Technologies (CPT) and Austria’s Technische Universität Wien (TU Wien) into 48V diesel mild hybrid technology verified a 9% reduction of NO x in raw engine-out emissions, while retaining the fuel economy and CO 2 benefits of diesel engine technology. —Paul Bloore. —Paul Bloore.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Engine 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

The findings from this vehicle LCA study , the production of which was led by Ricardo and funded by the European Commission, DG Climate Action, confirm the significant environmental benefits of electrified powertrains (particularly of battery electric vehicles) for all of the road vehicle types assessed.

Sustainable Transportation 221

Sustainable Transportation Fuel Renewable Climate 221

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2010

A study by a team at the German Aerospace Center (Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) identified autothermal reforming in combination with a water gas shift reactor as the preferred option for on-board reforming of biodiesel and bioethanol into a hydrogen-rich gas suitable for high temperature PEM (HTPEM) fuel cells.

Aspen 199

Aspen Concept Water Gas 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

In a new study, KPMG International has identified 10 “megaforces” that will significantly affect corporate growth globally over the next two decades. Water Scarcity: Water scarcity for many businesses can be a major risk to growth and development. Click to enlarge. billion by 2032.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

The study also confirms a correlation between sulfur dioxide and chemical elements typically emitted from ship stacks which demonstrates that ships were the main source of sulfur dioxide in the harbors. By comparison, the sulphur content of fuels used in road vehicles must not exceed 0.001%. content of fuels used outside of harbors.

Emissions 250

Emissions Pollution 2010 2012 250

Cars That Think

JANUARY 20, 2024

The IMO’s previous goal was a 50 percent reduction by 2050 in comparison with 2008 levels. John MacNeill Also later this year, the Italian shipbuilding company Fincantieri and Newcleo expect to wrap up a feasibility study to assess the practicality of deploying a 30-megawatt reactor on marine vessels.

Molten Salt 145

Molten Salt Mariner South Korea Water 145

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2013

Studies in cells alone do not necessarily reflect the integrated response of a whole animal, they noted.). About 46% of the B0 PM comprised polar compounds—chiefly esters, ketones and acids—also in agreement with earlier studies. We are unaware of previous studies reporting this type of comparison of the exhaust PM.

B0 210

B0 Diesel Emissions Exhaust 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

Based on visual interpretation of high-resolution (30 m) satellite images, a new study in the journal Global Change Biology: Bioenergy determined that industrial plantations covered over 3.1 These findings are echoed in a new open-access study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by Kim Carlson et al., Chris Malins.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2010

Algenol Biofuels’ Direct to Ethanol technology is based on an intracellular photosynthetic process in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) that produces ethanol that is excreted through the cell walls, collected from closed photobioreactors as a dilute ethanol-in-water solution, and purified to fuel grade ethanol. MJ/MJEtOH down to 0.20

Carbon 246

Carbon Gasoline Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 246

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 1, 2023

Optogenetics is an interdisciplinary branch of science in which cells are genetically altered to be light-sensitive, making it possible to inhibit or excite cells and to study their function by applying colored light. Broadly, hydrogels are soft networks of polymers and water, such as tofu or jelly. Our body is also made of hydrogels.

Light 92

Light Universal MIT Massachusetts 92

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Geely’s CRI investment and work with renewable methanol is similar to the approach Audi is taking with its own e-fuels projects—producing very low carbon liquid or gaseous fuels using only renewable energy, water and CO 2. Their results showed that in comparison with gasoline mode, CO emitted in methanol mode decreased 11.2%.

Renewable 150

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2014

Methane hydrate—molecules of natural gas trapped in a cage of frozen water molecules—represents a potentially vast methane resource for both the United States and the world. As two points of comparison, total US proved natural gas reserves were 322.7

Alaska 210

Alaska Mariner Gas Russia 210