Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2009

From October 2007 to April 2009, the average fuel economy of purchased new light-duty vehicles improved from 20.2 Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle also found that while there was a significant negative relationship between the unemployment rate and the number of vehicles purchased, the price of gasoline did not have a major impact.

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Fuel Economy Purchase Economy Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

Key developments in the transportation sector that they note include: Positive for gasoline demand: Strong Chinese car growth in 2010, particularly in the first half of the year, with vehicle sales up 30% year-on-year (YoY) through the first eleven months of 2010. In the US hybrids fell from about 3% of total sales in 2008-09 to 2.2%

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Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2012

While the selection of hybrid models in the US has more than doubled since 2007, only 35% of hybrid vehicle owners choose to purchase a hybrid again when returning to market in 2011, according to recent analysis by Polk. Polk’s research also indicates that volatility in fuel prices between 2008 and 2011, which ranged from just under $2.00/gallon

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Hybrid Buy San Diego Los Angeles 244

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2020

This represents the largest year-on-year monthly decrease since 1980, when JATO Dynamics started to collect data—even surpassing the global financial crisis in November 2008, which saw a 25% decline in sales. And unlike previous recessions, we’re not just dealing with people’s fears or purchase delays. million units.

Europe 261

Europe Market Sale Global 261

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2009

The 200 unit purchase is Azure’s largest revenue order to date and also the highest volume Balance Hybrid Electric order since the product launched in the summer of 2008. gasoline engine, can improve fuel economy by up to 40%, while reducing carbon emissions by up to 30% in city conditions. Purolator Courier Ltd.

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Hybrid Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric 2008 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2011

AT&T began deploying fleet AFVs in 2008 as part of an overall commitment to minimize its environmental impact while operating more efficiently. Through 2013, AT&T anticipates it will purchase approximately 8,000 CNG vehicles at an anticipated cost of $350 million. In Illinois AT&T operates 84 hybrid-electric vehicles and 81 CNGs.

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Alternative Fuels Fuel Illinois Vehicles 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 2, 2010

billion will fund the land purchase and construction of the first phase of the project, which likely will likely take nearly three years, [president and CEO, John] Baardson said. Naphtha is a low-octane gasoline used as a feedstock in the chemical industry. Each of the two following phases will cost roughly $2 billion.

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Ohio Coal Energy 2011 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2011

Credit: ACS, Boot 2008. Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) are developing a small-scale demonstration reactor that will process 40 tons of wood waste per year from the university into replacements for diesel fuel and gasoline. This will be offered at the university pump in a 10:90 mixture with gasoline.

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Waste Universal 2008 Diesel 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2009

This would be some 410,000 units off the 2008 total and almost 685,000 units down on 2007. Alternatively fuelled vehicle (AFV) demand showed a particularly sharp decline, down 47.4%, in part reflecting strong growth in 2008. 1,500 to purchase a new car with Euro 4 as minimum engine specification. 1,000 to purchase a car.

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Scrappage Industrial Industry 2008 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2012

Ford also has developed a specialized new tool to help optimize fleet purchases based on specific fuel types and operating locations. in 2008 to 53.7% Ford has gained major market share in key commercial vehicle segments as the economy rebounds from the industry lows of 2009. in 2011, even as new competitors entered the market.

Ford 225

Ford Emissions Diesel Engine 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2009

Probabilities at different price points for at lest some chance of purchase. The survey of a nationally representative sample of 2,513 adults age 18 and over was conducted between July and November 2008 by the U-M Institute for Social Research as part of the Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers. Source: Curtin et al.

Michigan 218

Michigan Plug-in Cost Of Plug 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2010

One of Maxwell’s earliest large cell customers, ISE Corporation announced last month that ISE’s ultracapacitor-based gasoline-electric hybrid bus drive systems now power nearly 300 buses in daily revenue service, and have logged a total of more than 13 million operational miles.

ISE Corporation 186

ISE Corporation San Diego Malaysia Thailand 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2009

AT&T expects to spend an estimated $350 million to purchase about 8,000 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles and approximately $215 million to begin replacing its passenger cars with alternative-fuel models, beginning with hybrids. Earlier post.). BAF’s CalComp system is fully integrated into the OEM powertrain control system.

2009 150

2009 Convert Alternative Fuels Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

In 1975, General Ernesto Geisel, then-president of Brazil, ordered the country’s gasoline supply mixed with 10% ethanol. The level was raised to 25% over the next five years, which was intended to maintain a constant Brazilian gasoline supply for an ever-increasing demand. These were arguably the first flex-fuel vehicles.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2010

The bill mandated ambitious production targets of 9 billion gallons of biofuels a year in 2008, rising to 36 billion gallons a year by 2022. Rather, it is uncertain whether existing biofuels production provides any beneficial improvement over traditional gasoline, after taking into account land use changes and emissions of nitrous oxide.

Universal 257

Universal Congress Gasoline United States 257

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2010

The gasoline prices that achieve these reductions are in the range of $7-9/gal, however, which is considerably higher than the American public has been historically willing to tolerate. million barrels per day, relative to 2008 levels. —Morrow et al.

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Tax Credit Tax Emissions Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

Because of the lower carbon/hydrogen ratio of methane (CH 4 ) relative to gasoline, CO 2 emissions from the combustion of natural gas are approximately 75% of those of gasoline for a given amount of energy production. emissions are reduced by around 25% relative to the use of gasoline for the same engine efficiency. Source: MIT.

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MIT Gas Transportation Future 299

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2009

So for the majority, rebates are not changing behavior—they are subsidizing planned purchases. gallon) of gasoline that a vehicle consumes over its 15 year average life expectancy. The Canadian government offered hybrid rebates during 2007-2008. Ambarish Chandra. for every liter (US$1.50/gallon)

Carbon 218

Carbon Hybrid Emissions Canada 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2009

AT&T expects to spend an estimated $350 million to purchase about 8,000 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles and approximately $215 million to begin replacing its passenger cars with alternative-fuel models, beginning with hybrids. The Center for Automotive Research (CAR) in Ann Arbor, Mich.,

Alternative Fuels 150

Alternative Fuels Fleet Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2009

The utility is participating in a national consortium that recently was awarded a federal stimulus grant to purchase plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and the company is buying more trucks to run on compressed natural gas (CNG) as well. billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in 2008. PECO serves 1.6 PECO delivered 83.7

PHEV 186

PHEV Fleet Philadelphia Stimulus 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2009

As required by the loan agreements signed in December 2008, GM and Chrysler submitted their updated restructuring plans showing a pathway to achieve financial viability to Congress on Tuesday. GM will have a total of 36 nameplates in 2012, down 25% from 2008 levels. million units (57.5 GM Fuel Economy plans. Click to enlarge.

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Chrysler GM Saturn Production 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2009

Data gathering for the Beijing study was completed in 2008. Rapid economic growth, growing mobility, increasing purchasing power, and rising demand for goods have made China one of the fastest growing—and one of the largest—auto markets in the world. Light-duty gasoline vehicles were the major contributors to CO and VOC emissions.

Emissions 150

Emissions China Fleet Taxi 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2010

Gasoline prices would need to be about $6/gallon before EVs are cost competitive. Currently, EVs are a luxury item purchased by people who have well-established driving patterns. Following each round of small group discussion, café participants reconvened as a whole to compare notes and raise additional questions.

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Plug-in Plug Batteries Battery 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2010

Massachusetts Energy and Environmental Affairs (EEA) Secretary Ian Bowles has set the statewide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limit for 2020 required by the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2008 at 25% below 1990 levels, the maximum authorized by the Act, saying that measures already in place will get Massachusetts much of the way toward that goal.

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Massachusetts 2020 Emissions Auto 244

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2010

The technology pathways are intended to show the different cost impacts of achieving different levels of stringency, if the industry were to place more or less emphasis on hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and electric vehicles as compared to advanced gasoline technologies and vehicle mass reduction. hybrids, and electric vehicles. Pathways B and C.

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Fuel Economy EPA 2017 Economy 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

From a “well-to-wheel” perspective, high efficient gasoline and diesel engines are nearly as energy efficient as any technology available. The quickest and most cost-effective way to achieve our energy usage goals is through faster adoption of fuel-efficient downsized gasoline and diesel engines. Data: Polk. Click to enlarge.

Standards 247

Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG 247

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2013

Broadly, compliance is achieved through biofuel blending (with both gasoline and diesel) and through the deployment of advanced vehicle technologies that use natural gas, electricity, and hydrogen. It does not matter if credits are generated using fuels that substitute for gasoline or fuels that substitute for diesel. Click to enlarge.

California 210

California Carbon Fuel Standards 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2014

The extracted rock can be used directly as a power plant resource or it can be processed to produce shale oil, which in turn can be refined into gasoline, diesel or jet fuels. However, the National Development Plan for Oil Shale Use for 2008-15 calls for reducing annual extraction while preserving the country’s strong energy security.

Estonia 236

Estonia Oil Cleaner Jordan 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2011

Fuel purchased in the US for international aircraft and marine travel accounted for an additional 123.1 From 2008 to 2009, CO 2 emissions from the transportation end-use sector declined 4%. The transportation end-use sector accounted for 1,745.5 Tg CO 2 Eq.

2009 207

2009 Emissions EPA Climate Change 207

Revenge of the Electric Car

APRIL 6, 2010

From the article: ‘The New York study anticipates that by 2015, electric vehicle prices should decline because of reduced battery costs, that there will be a sufficient supply of electric vehicles to purchase, and that consumers will take advantage of the existing federal tax credit of $7,500 for new electric cars. If by 2015, 2.5

New York City 167

New York City New York Obama Tax Credit 167

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2010

According to the recently finalized Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2008 , net US GHG emissions in 2008 were down 2.7% The bill does not restrict who can hold an allowance, nor does it restrict the purchase, sale, or any other transactions involving allowances. compared to 2005 levels.).

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Gas-Electric Climate Gas Energy 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2009

The net effect of correcting this problem will be pressure on purchase prices first and operating costs second. Kurani (2008) The Early U.S. Mainstream adoption by new car buyers depends on connecting with more important criteria such as reliability and durability, he said. Jonn Axsen and Kenneth S.

PHEV 150

PHEV Fuel Economy San Diego Climate Change 150

Revenge of the Electric Car

MAY 17, 2010

gasoline-powered vehicles could be delayed. If electric cars can’t break out of niche status in the world’s two largest passenger car markets, then a transition away from gasoline-powered vehicles could be delayed. Yet in the United States and China, automakers’ caution, weak price. car’s introduction.

China 133

China E6 Gasoline-Electric Chinese 133

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

the 2008 model year fuel economy ratings. increase from the 2008 actual fleet mpg. per gallon gasoline. per gallon gasoline. The cost to the consumer of purchasing a motor vehicle would rise by nearly 40 percent and the net cost by 27.7 CAR researchers used the four fuel economy scenarios developed by.

Fuel Economy 199

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2016

During past eight years the number of plug-in electric vehicle models has increased from one to more than 20, battery costs have decreased 70%, and the number of electric vehicle charging stations has increased from less than 500 in 2008 to more than 16,000 today—a 40-fold increase. Electric vehicle coalition.

Obama 150

Obama Charging Financing DC 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2009

The GM Viability Determination notes that the company is in the early stages of an operational turnaround in which it has made material progress in a number of areas, including purchasing, product design, manufacturing, brand rationalization and its dealer network. For example, of its top 20 profit contributors in 2008, nine were cars.

Volt 170

Volt Plug-in GM Chrysler 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2009

DOE is seeking to facilitate the market penetration of hydrogen and fuel cell products through higher volume purchases (e.g., billion (FY 2004 - FY 2008), including the competitive selection of nearly $830 million (subject to appropriations) in research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) projects (nearly $1.2

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Congress Hydrogen Market Fuel 150