Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

In California’s Los Angeles Basin, levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) pollutants have decreased by about 98% since the 1960s, even as area residents now burn approximately three times as much gasoline and diesel fuel. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at the University of Colorado Boulder.

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Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002 285

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2009

Exposure to ozone at levels currently deemed safe by the NAAQS clean air standards can have a significant and negative effect on lung function, according to researchers at the University of California, Davis. Edward Schelegle, University of California, Davis. Earlier post.). Specifically, we found that 6.6

Ozone 186

Ozone Standards Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

The results, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science , suggest that the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted, the authors suggested. Gasoline is stored in closed, hopefully airtight, containers and the VOCs in gasoline are burned for energy. McDonald et al.

Pollution 264

Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles 264

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline. GW = global warming; Eut.

Gasoline 357

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto. Assessing the Impact of Non-exhaust Emissions from Traffic on the Asthmatic Airway (IONA) ,” led by Chris Griffiths, Queen Mary University of London.

Emissions 353

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London 353

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al.

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Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

Emissions 150

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2021

Advanced ignition technologies, such as those offered by TPS, have been widely recognized as enablers to achieving higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions for gasoline-powered engines. Results obtained from work performed under a recent DOE grant showed nearly 80% reduction in particulates from a 1.8 hp diesel engine.

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Commercial Los Angeles Exhaust Ozone 243

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

lower ozone formation potential of the carbonyl compounds present than DF under the identical operating conditions. Kleeman (2008) “Carbonyl Emissions from Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles,”. In addition, there was an 18.0–35.8% reduction in total carbonyls and a 3.4–100% CFT had 16.5–44.1% —Hao et al. 2014.05.025. 2014.05.025.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London.

London 150

London Pollution Diesel Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. Nitric oxide is known to be harmful to human health, contributes to ozone depletion, and when it reacts with other compounds, contributes to acid rain and atmospheric warming.

Emissions 308

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global 308

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2009

University of California, Davis researchers will receive $2.8 Farm machines burning oil, gasoline and diesel release nitrogen to the air. million in new grants to study the use and impacts of escaped nitrogen from agricultural production. Wastes from cattle, chickens and other livestock include nitrogen.

Davis 240

Davis Escape Ozone California 240

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. Generally, different combustion and exhaust treatment characteristics result in significantly higher NO x /CO 2 emission ratios for diesel powered cars than for gasoline. —Karl et al.

Europe 150

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Ethanol is emitted to the atmosphere by both natural and anthropogenic processes; examples of the latter include industrial processes, biomass combustion and use as a biofuel mixed with gasoline. This is accompanied by a modest regional decrease in surface ozone (of order 1%). Numbers inset give the total North American ethanol source.

North America 240

North America America Emissions Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Jacobson at Stanford University. Soot—black and brown particles that absorb solar radiation—comes from two types of sources: fossil fuels such as diesel, coal, gasoline, jet fuel; and solid biofuels such as wood, manure, dung, and other solid biomass used for home heating and cooking around the world. Dessler et al., Guenther et al.,

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Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

A study by researchers at Lund University in Sweden found that Swedish biofuels produce between 65 and 148% less greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline and diesel, even when direct and indirect land use changes are taken into account. Pål Börjesson, researcher in Environment and Energy Systems at Lund University.

Climate 170

Climate Waste Climate Change Sweden 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

In 1975, General Ernesto Geisel, then-president of Brazil, ordered the country’s gasoline supply mixed with 10% ethanol. The level was raised to 25% over the next five years, which was intended to maintain a constant Brazilian gasoline supply for an ever-increasing demand. These were arguably the first flex-fuel vehicles.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

As reported earlier here ( earlier post ) a recent literature review by a team from the University of Edinburgh (Timmers et al. EVs were the best alternative to diesel and gasoline vehicles across all categories. The role of EVs. emissions, EVs deliver only a negligible reduction in emissions. in Belgium. Hooftman et al.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. Brinkman et al. Brinkman et al. Brinkman, Paul Denholm, Michael P.

Denver 170

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2010

RVPs (predicted DVPE) of single- and dual-alcohol blends in gasoline with different relative proportions of ethanol and 1-butanol. As part of the study, they demonstrated a simple method to prepare dual-alcohol-gasoline blends with Reid vapor pressures (RVPs) “ indistinguishable ” from that of the base gasoline.

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Alcohol Blend Gasoline Ozone Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

These projects have brought together a wide variety of companies, the national laboratories, and universities. California’s and, potentially, EPA’s move toward further heavy-duty NO x reductions to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone will be critical. These new targets need to be set for the research efforts.

MPG 150

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2009

Researchers at the University of California San Francisco have engineered the industrial yeast S. ZSM-5 and SAPO-34) have been used to convert methyl halides to products including gasoline, olefins, aromatics, alcohols and ethers. bio-gasoline—in a two-step process. cerevisiae uses to produce methyl halides.

Engine 150

Engine Fuel San Francisco Convert 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2009

Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. There is much more isoprene emitted to the atmosphere than all of the gases (gasoline, industrial chemicals) emitted by human activities, with the important exceptions of methane and carbon dioxide.

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Climate New Zealand Denmark 2009 150

Baua Electric

MAY 12, 2024

and China could contribute to a significant cut in gasoline demand in 2024. What’s more, the chemicals intended to curb a gasoline-fueled fire might not even be relevant in EVs. While recent EPA emissions rules for passenger cars and commercial trucks will help clean up particle pollution, ozone pollution remains a challenge.

Toyota 52

Toyota Fuel Pollution Hydrogen 52