Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2018

Emissions of one of the chemicals most responsible for the Antarctic ozone hole are on the rise, despite an international treaty that required an end to its production in 2010, a new study by researchers at NOAA and their colleagues shows. However, that decrease is significantly slower than it would be without the new CFC emissions.

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Ozone Emissions 2002 2010 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2016

They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane. Based on their findings, they suggested that emission increases in Southeast, East and South Asia may be most important for the ozone change.

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Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina 230

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.

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Ozone Global North America Colorado 255

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Global Water 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. Now, MIT engineers are proposing using an ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that could result in an approximately 95% reduction in NO x emissions in exchange for a ~0.5%

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MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric 268

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone 150

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 Transportation emissions declined 1.5

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2020 California Emissions 2018 221

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2021

Power management company Eaton has introduced a complete suite of solutions from its Vehicle Group to reduce vapor emissions produced during the refueling of gasoline-powered vehicles. If fuel vapor is released into the atmosphere, it contributes to a category of pollutants known as evaporative emissions.

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Eaton Emissions Gasoline-Electric Production 221

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. This gas has very few industrial applications.

Emissions 199

Emissions India Ozone 2017 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In this study, to improve absorption performance of SO 2 and NO 2 , we added ozone in exhaust gas. Osaka et al. 2018.12.077.

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Exhaust Ozone Japan Diesel 320

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Dalsøren et al. Carpenter, Alastair C.

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Emissions Global Ozone 2011 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5. The RCPs were chosen to represent a broad range of climate outcomes, based on a literature review. The RCP 8.5

Ozone 199

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours. The results are less clear in Dallas and Houston.

Ozone 218

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels.

Climate 257

Climate Gas Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 CH 4 emissions represented 8.8%

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2007 2011 EPA Gas 285

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

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Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon 262

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

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North America Ozone Asia America 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. Overview of GHG Emissions from the Transportation Sector.

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2017 2016 Transportation Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The process involves swirling the gas with air as part of the power generation process. Copyright : Taylor & Francis.

Emissions 308

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global 308

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2019

W/m 2 before 2100 without overshoot by employment of a range of technologies and strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.). We find that, assuming pollution emissions and population are held constant at current levels, climate change would adversely affect future air quality for >85% of China’s population (?55%

Climate Change 277

Climate Change Climate Ozone Future 277

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

The transportation sector was responsible for over 7 million tons of NO x emissions in the US in 2014, with 50% of this sector’s NO x attributed to heavy-duty on- and off-road vehicles and equipment. NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Source of data: US EPA (2019). Chart: MECA.

Emissions 291

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010 291

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

A new international study has found that laboratory tests of nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel vehicles significantly underestimate the real-world emissions by as much as 50%. Real-world NO x emission factors by vehicle emissions standard in key regions. A paper on the work is published in the journal Nature.

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Diesel International Emissions Ozone 230

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said. Click to enlarge. °C (within a likely range of 0.2-0.7

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Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

The entire life cycle of the passenger cars is taken into account, including the manufacture of the vehicles and the environmentally relevant emissions from driving. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.]. in review).

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Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

The California Energy Commission approved a $1-million grant to develop a 12-liter natural gas engine that produces near-zero nitrogen oxide (NO x ) tailpipe emissions. Cummins has a history of developing natural gas engines for heavy-duty application, and its engines are being used globally in a variety of commercial vehicles.

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Grant Gas Engine Energy 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 26, 2019

New methods of testing and simulating air quality should be considered in order to help policy makers have a more accurate understanding of how emissions affect air pollution levels, new research suggests. Stockwell, Emily Saunders, Wendy S. Goliff & Rosa M.

Emissions 170

Emissions El Paso Pollution Ozone 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

After a critical review of the literature on the air impacts of increased natural gas acquisition, processing, and use, a team of US researchers has determined that that actual measurement data on various individual segments of the natural gas life cycle are sparse or critically lacking. jobs vs environmental stewardship).

Gas 218

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil 218

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2020

The California Air Resources Board recently approved first-in-the-nation rules to curb the impact of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants. HFCs are synthetic gases that are used in a variety of applications, but mainly to replace ozone-depleting substances in aerosols, foams, refrigeration and air-conditioning.

Pollution 281

Pollution California Commercial Climate 281

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. These reductions have come from strong efforts to reduce on-road vehicle emissions, especially diesel particulate matter. Black carbon. CO 2 remains in the atmosphere for up to a century.

Pollution 150

Pollution California Emissions Climate 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. of oil and natural gas. of oil and natural gas. Agriculture.

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Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3 The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g., The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g.,

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Plug-in California Emissions Plug 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

(Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. removal; it showed about 95 % O 3.

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Ozone Toyota Suzuki Pollution 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. the inventory emission estimation is consistent with the study’s observations.

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London Pollution Diesel Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C °F) by 2050, as well as improving human health and agriculture.

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Carbon Ozone Emissions International 257

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

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Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

For example, states in the western US (WUS) generally produce a larger fraction of their electricity from renewable and/or “emission-free” sources (i.e., coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass). Among the findings: Summer surface ozone (O 3 ) decreases in most locations due to widespread reductions of traffic NO x emissions.

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Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal 281

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Asphalt is a near-ubiquitous substance—it’s found in roads, on roofs and in driveways—but its chemical emissions rarely figure into urban air quality management plans. Asphalt’s life cycle and temperature-dependent emissions. (A) Emissions rose markedly with moderate solar exposure (e.g., —Khare et al.

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Pollution Los Angeles Emissions Solar 337