Diesel, Emissions, Gasoline-Electric and Products

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. the products used for “car care,” such as windshield washer fluid.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

Cars That Think

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Diesel cars are a popular choice for those looking to buy a used vehicle in Asia, Europe, and elsewhere. After all, diesel cars cost less to maintain, burn less fuel, and have a longer engine life. Older models don’t even have the emission-control features that newer ones do.

Carbon

Carbon Diesel Emissions Bangladesh

Opel begins production and deliveries of hydrogen Vivaro van

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2021

Opel has begun production of the hydrogen fuel cell variant of the Vivaro van, and has delievered the first one to the German manufacturer of premium domestic appliances, Miele. The Opel Vivaro-e HYDROGEN leads zero-emissions mobility into the future, especially for commercial use. —Head of Development Marcus Lott.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Production Lithium Ion Recharge

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2023

Based on preliminary economic activity and energy data, Rhodium Group estimates that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the US slightly increased in 2022, rising 1.3% While this is the second year in a row that emissions have increased, it nonetheless marks a change from 2021, when emissions rebounded faster than the economic growth rate.

Emissions

Emissions Oil Prices 2005 Coal

Mazda adding new 3.3l 48V MHEV diesel to CX-60 line-up next year

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2022

In Europe, Mazda announced that it will add an all-new e-Skyactiv D diesel engine to the Mazda CX-60 line-up in 2023, joining the PHEV CX-60, which is available to order now. The new diesel powertrain that will make its debut in the CX-60 is a Mazda first—a 3.3-liter mpg US with CO 2 emissions of 137g/km.

Mazda

Mazda Diesel Fuel Economy PHEV

JATO: European new car CO2 emissions highest average since 2014; shift from diesel to gasoline and SUVs rise

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2019

An analysis by JATO Dynamics has found that average new vehicle CO 2 emissions in European increased in 2018, with the total average increasing by 2.4 The analysis covered 23 markets in Europe and found a direct correlation between diesel car registrations and average CO2 emissions. g/km to 120.5 g/km in 2015 to -1.4

Diesel

Diesel CO2 Gasoline Emissions

JATO: new car average CO2 emissions highest in Europe since 2014; slow EV uptake insufficient to counter fewer diesels and more SUVs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 4, 2020

In addition to the European car market recording tepid growth in 2019, CO 2 emissions have continued to increase, despite new regulation designed to curtail this, according to JATO Dynamics. Last year, the volume-weighted average CO 2 emissions for European markets were at their highest recorded levels since 2014. g/km for Italy.

SUV

SUV Emissions Diesel Europe

JATO: new car CO2 emissions rise for the first time in a decade in Europe; diesel down, gasoline up, SUVs up

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2018

Average CO 2 emissions generated by new cars in Europe increased during 2017—the first rise in 10 years— according to a new analysis by JATO Dynamics. Covering 23 European markets, the study found that average CO 2 emissions increased by 0.3 g/km, compared to gasoline cars, which had an average of 123.4

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Emissions SUV

Green NCAP LCA study shows detrimental climate and energy impact of increasing vehicle weight, including EVs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2023

The results of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy demand of the cars tested by Green NCAP in 2022 show that the current and continuous trend towards larger and heavier cars, significantly increases the negative impact on climate and energy demand.

Green

Green Climate Energy Vehicles

BASF completes carve-out of mobile emissions catalysts and precious metals services businesses: ECMS

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2023

BASF has completed the carve-out of its mobile emissions catalysts and precious metal services businesses and named the separate legal entity BASF Environmental Catalyst and Metal Solutions (ECMS). ECMS has global operations in 15 countries with more than 4,500 employees and 20 production sites. Earlier post.)

Emissions

Emissions Legal Hydrogen Motorcycles

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2021

The ICCT has conducted a comprehensive global and temporal life-cycle assessment of GHG emissions from a variety of alternative passenger car powertrains and fuels. The life-cycle GHG emissions of cars registered in 2021 are compared with those of cars expected to be registered in 2030.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Fuel Battery Batteries

UK accelerates end of sale of new gasoline and diesel cars to 2030, hybrids to 2035

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2020

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson confirmed that the government will accelerate the ban on the sale of new gasoline and diesel vehicles, bringing it forward by ten years to 2030, as part of a “Green Industrial Revolution.” The sale of hybrid cars will be allowed until 2035. billion (US$1.7

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Sale Hybrid

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale

Tech: New Technology Reduces Diesel Emissions

Clean Fleet Report

MAY 22, 2021

According to dozens of automotive story headlines, the internal combustion engine, running on gasoline or diesel, is dead or dying as customers, auto companies and investors flock to electric powertrains. While 2045 may still be more than two decades away, emissions advances in internal combustion engines (ICE) are continuing.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Fuel Economy Yukon

Cummins Agrees to Pay $1.6 Billion in U.S. Emissions Fines

The Truth About Cars

DECEMBER 22, 2023

The United States Department of Justice has accused Cummins of installing emissions defeating devices on diesel motors and decided to fine the company $1.67 The Justice Department has alleged that Cummins installed devices that allowed the engines to pass emissions during testing. billion for violating the Clean Air Act.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Installation Pollution

SEAT launches all-new Leon; gasoline, diesel, CNG, mild-hybrid, plug-in hybrid; €1.1B investment

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2020

The new-generation compact car benefits from gasoline (TSI); diesel (TDI); compressed natural gas (TGI); mild-hybrid (eTSI) and plug-in hybrid (eHybrid) units. The new Leon’s offer of standard gasoline engines are all direct-injection, turbocharged units and provide power outputs between 66kW/90PS and 140kW/190PS. Mating a 1.4

Plug-in

Plug-in Gasoline Diesel Hybrid

Bosch, Shell, and Volkswagen develop renewable gasoline with 20% lower CO2; rollout of Blue Gasoline this year

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2021

Following on the introduction of R33 Blue Diesel ( earlier post ), Bosch, Shell, and Volkswagen have now developed a low-carbon gasoline. The new fuel, called Blue Gasoline, similarly contains up to 33% renewables, ensuring a well-to-wheel reduction in carbon emissions of at least 20% per kilometer driven.

Gasoline

Gasoline Renewable CO2 Gasoline-Electric

T&E concludes that diesel cars emit more CO2 on a full lifecycle basis than gasoline cars

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2017

A new analysis by the NGO Transport & Environment (T&E) concludes that diesel cars emit more CO 2 than equivalent cars on a full lifecycle basis—i.e., accounting for the emissions generated during production of the vehicle and the fuel. According to the T&E analysis, an average diesel car produces emits 3.65

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel CO2 Cars

IAV develops new close-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment system for improved emissions reduction

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2017

IAV has developed a particularly closed-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment (EAT) system. Under the EU6 standard, diesel engines are still allowed to emit up to 80 mg NO x /km milligrams of nitrogen oxides per kilometer—not only under the legal framework in the cycle but also in respect of increasingly tighter RDE requirements.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Gas Emissions

Forest River and Lightning eMotors to offer factory-certified all-electric repower program for shuttle buses and passenger vans

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2022

Lightning eMotors, a provider of medium-duty and specialty commercial electric vehicles for fleets, has expanded its partnership with Forest River ( earlier post ) to offer a factory-certified all-electric repower program for shuttle buses and passenger vans. —Forest River Bus president David Wright.

All-Electric

All-Electric Gasoline-Electric Canada Dealers

€7M German project to develop processes and demand scenarios for the mass production of synthetic fuels; “Refineries for Future”

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2023

So-called “refuels” promise to reduce CO 2 emissions by 90% compared to conventional fuels. In spite of increasing electric mobility in the transport sector, we will continue to need liquid fuels for a long time. According to these scenarios, gasoline will disappear from the market first, Dahmen points out.

Future

Future Fuel Kits Production

EPA: US GHG emissions in 2017 down 0.3% from 2016

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2019

greenhouse gas emissions were 6,472.3 The decrease in total greenhouse gas emissions between 2016 and 2017 was driven in part by a decrease in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Relative to the 1990 baseline, gross emissions in 2017 were higher by 1.6%, down from a high of 15.7% In 2017, total gross U.S.

2017

2017 2016 Emissions EPA

Emissions Analytics: mass adoption of hybrids, rather than low-volume BEVs most effective for cutting CO2 now, meeting 2030 targets; best use of limited resource

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2019

Emissions Analytics, a leading independent specialist for the scientific measurement of real-world emissions, suggests that mass adoption of hybrid vehicles, rather than low-volume take-up of full BEVs, is the most effective solution to cutting CO 2 now and also in meeting 2030 emission targets.

Emissions

Emissions Hybrid CO2 Gasoline-Electric

Prometheus CEO outlines tech advances that could make CO2-to-fuels renewable gasoline and jet price-competitive with fossil fuels

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2020

In a commentary in the journal Joule , Rob McGinnis, founder and and CEO of Prometheus , a company that is developing technology to remove carbon dioxide from the air and turn it into fuels, discusses the technology advances that could lead to the potential price-competitiveness of renewable gasoline and jet with fossil fuels.

Gasoline

Gasoline Renewable Fuel Price

DHL Express deploys nearly 100 new Lightning Electric delivery vans in US

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2021

Following a successful initial pilot program using nine Lightning Electric Ford Transit 350HD electric vans in the US late last year, DHL Express plans to deploy the remaining 89 electric vehicles this year in New York and California. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Los Angeles

Los Angeles Isuzu Colorado Ford

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced two new proposed federal emissions standards spanning light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles for model year 2027 and beyond. Together, the proposals would reduce oil imports by approximately 20 billion barrels.

EPA

EPA Light Standards Emissions

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. Emissions are organized by the categories in the AB 32 Scoping Plan.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

Study suggests GTL blending could increase overall US refinery efficiency by improving diesel efficiency

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2014

Impact of GTL diesel blending (5% penetration relative to refinery crude input) on US average overall refinery efficiency. Impact of GTL diesel blending (1%, 3%, and 5% penetration relative to refinery crude input) on product-specific efficiency. Base = Basecase efficiency without GTL blending; Pen = penetration (of GTL diesel).

Diesel

Diesel Gasoline-Electric Oil Gasoline

Sinopec Xinjiang Kuqa green hydrogen pilot project enters operation

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2023

Green hydrogen is produced by facilities powered by renewable power sources such as solar and wind energy, minimizing the carbon footprint across the entire production process. With an annual hydrogen production and utilization capacity exceeding 4.5 million tons per year, gasoline and diesel hydro-fining capacity of 2.4

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Green Mongolia China

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2021

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its 28 th annual Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (GHG Inventory), which presents a national-level overview of annual greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 to 2019. CO 2 emissions decreased 2.2% Total GHG emissions in 2019 were up 1.8% from 2018 to 2019.

2005

2005 2019 EPA Climate Change

New lifecycle analysis of WTW GHG emissions of diesel and gasoline refined in US from Canadian oil sands crude

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2015

In a new, comprehensive study, a team from Argonne National Laboratory, Stanford University and UC Davis ITS has estimated the well-to-wheels (WTW) GHG emissions of US production of gasoline and diesel sourced from Canadian oil sands. M+SCO = surface mined and upgraded SCO IS+B = bitumen from in situ production.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Gasoline Emissions

Suburban Propane Partners taking 39% stake in DME producer Oberon Fuels; rDME/propane blends

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 18, 2020

a nationwide distributor of propane, fuel oil and related products and services, as well as a marketer of natural gas and electricity, is purchasing a 39% stake in Oberon Fuels, a San Diego, CA-based development-stage producer of low-carbon, renewable dimethyl ether (rDME) transportation fuel. Suburban Propane Partners, L.P.,

San Diego

San Diego Fuel United States Carbon

PSA Group outlines powertrain production strategy: gasoline PHEVs, EVs and next-gen diesel and gasoline engines

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2016

As part of the energy transition process and in line with the technological offensive spelled out in its Push to Pass strategic plan ( earlier post ), PSA Group will focus on diversifying its offerings with plug-in hybrid gasoline systems and next-generation electric powertrains. Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Diesel Gasoline-Electric

Kia announces new platform and powertrain details for next-generation Sorento; hybrid, GDI and diesel; PHEV to come

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2020

The latest Sorento will be the first SUV to be based on Kia’s new platform when production commences later this year. liter T-GDi (turbocharged gasoline direct injection) engine, 44.2 kW electric motor and 1.49 Additional powertrains will be announced in future, including gasoline engines and a new plug-in hybrid variant.

Kia

Kia Diesel Hybrid PHEV

Cleaner fuels have replaced more than 3B gallons of diesel under California Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

New 2018 data from the California Air Resources Board (CARB) indicates that the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) continues to drive production of a growing volume of cleaner transportation fuels for California consumers. billion gallons of petroleum diesel have been displaced by clean, low-carbon alternatives. To date almost 3.3

Cleaner

Cleaner California Standards Carbon

JRC report assesses R&I in low-emission alternative energy for transport (ALT) in Europe; €2.3B spent from 2007-2020

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2021

The European Commission’s Joint Research Center recently published a report analyzing research and innovation (R&I) in low-emission alternative energy for transport in Europe. Electricity is covered separately in the Transport electrification (ELT) roadmap. This specifically involves tank-to-wheel energy and emissions (i.e.

2007

2007 Transportation Europe Emissions

Brazilian biofuels with LUC may have much higher non-GHG emissions than conventional gasoline and diesel

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2012

Comparisons of life-cycle emissions from LUC phase for (a) sugar cane ethanol and (b) soybean biodiesel. Expansion in Brazil presents unique opportunities for both liquid fuel and electricity production. However, the potential for land-use change to also cause important non-GHG air pollution emissions (e.g.,

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel Brazil

BMW i Ventures invests in Prometheus Fuels; CO2 air-capture and conversion to carbon-neutral gasoline

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2020

BMW i Ventures has invested in Prometheus Fuels ( earlier post ), a company removing CO 2 from the air and turning it into zero-net carbon gasoline that it will sell at gas stations, at a price that competes with fossil fuels, starting as early as this year. to C 2 fuel products such as ethanol.

Gasoline

Gasoline Carbon Conversion BMW

In addition to 48V hybrid, VW presents new EA 288 Evo diesel 12V mild hybrid & TGI Evo natural gas engines

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2018

Volkswagen showcased three new drive systems at the Vienna Motor Symposium: the new 48 V mild hybrid system that will debut on the eighth-generation Golf in 2019 ( earlier post ); new high-tech diesel engines that will also be available as hybrid variants; and an advanced natural gas engine. TDI diesel engine (EA288 Evo).

Hybrid

Hybrid Gas Diesel Engine

Phillips 66 files LCFS pathway applications for renewable gasoline, CIs from 30.9 to 63.4 gCO2e/MJ

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2022

Phillips 66 Company has applied for three California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Tier 2 fuel pathways for renewable gasoline derived from soybean oil and canola oil. Phillips 66 also filed a separate application for renewable gasoline derived from distiller’s corn oil which is processed along with soybean oil and canola oil.

Gasoline

Gasoline Renewable Gasoline-Electric Oil

Argonne releases GREET 2020

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2020

The GREET (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) tool provides a common, transparent platform for lifecycle analysis (LCA) of of the energy and environmental effects of a wide variety of transportation fuels and vehicle technologies in major transportation sectors (i.e., PFAD to Renewable Diesel.

2020

2020 Gas-Electric Lithium Ion Mariner

KiOR ships first cellulosic diesel

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2013

developer of a catalytic pyrolysis process to produce renewable rude oil from biomass ( earlier post ), has begun initial shipments of cellulosic diesel from its plant in Columbus, Mississippi. KiOR’s renewable gasoline is the first renewable cellulosic gasoline registered by the Environmental Protection Agency for sale in the US.

Diesel

Diesel Columbus Mississippi Gasoline-Electric

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions down 1.7% in 2016; carbon intensity of economy down 3.1%; transportation emissions up

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2017

US energy-related CO 2 emissions decreased by 89 million metric tons (MMmt), from 5,259 MMmt in 2015 to 5,170 MMmt in 2016. Although real gross domestic product (GDP) increased 1.5% over that period, other factors contributing to energy-related CO 2 emissions more than offset the growth in GDP, leading to a 1.7%

2016

2016 CO2 Emissions Transportation

UK auto industry warns anti-diesel agenda and slow uptake of EVs could mean missing 2021 CO2 targets; rising CO2 average in 2017

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

The UK automotive industry warned that the current anti-diesel agenda combined with the ongoing slow take-up of electric vehicles could mean industry misses its next round of CO 2 targets in 2021, with negative consequences for the UK’s own climate change goals. decline in new diesel registrations. to a new low of 165.4

2017

2017 Auto Industry Diesel CO2

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

Opel begins production and deliveries of hydrogen Vivaro van

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

Mazda adding new 3.3l 48V MHEV diesel to CX-60 line-up next year

JATO: European new car CO2 emissions highest average since 2014; shift from diesel to gasoline and SUVs rise

JATO: new car average CO2 emissions highest in Europe since 2014; slow EV uptake insufficient to counter fewer diesels and more SUVs

JATO: new car CO2 emissions rise for the first time in a decade in Europe; diesel down, gasoline up, SUVs up

Green NCAP LCA study shows detrimental climate and energy impact of increasing vehicle weight, including EVs

BASF completes carve-out of mobile emissions catalysts and precious metals services businesses: ECMS

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

UK accelerates end of sale of new gasoline and diesel cars to 2030, hybrids to 2035

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Tech: New Technology Reduces Diesel Emissions

Cummins Agrees to Pay $1.6 Billion in U.S. Emissions Fines

SEAT launches all-new Leon; gasoline, diesel, CNG, mild-hybrid, plug-in hybrid; €1.1B investment

Bosch, Shell, and Volkswagen develop renewable gasoline with 20% lower CO2; rollout of Blue Gasoline this year

T&E concludes that diesel cars emit more CO2 on a full lifecycle basis than gasoline cars

IAV develops new close-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment system for improved emissions reduction

Forest River and Lightning eMotors to offer factory-certified all-electric repower program for shuttle buses and passenger vans

€7M German project to develop processes and demand scenarios for the mass production of synthetic fuels; “Refineries for Future”

EPA: US GHG emissions in 2017 down 0.3% from 2016

Emissions Analytics: mass adoption of hybrids, rather than low-volume BEVs most effective for cutting CO2 now, meeting 2030 targets; best use of limited resource

Prometheus CEO outlines tech advances that could make CO2-to-fuels renewable gasoline and jet price-competitive with fossil fuels

DHL Express deploys nearly 100 new Lightning Electric delivery vans in US

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Study suggests GTL blending could increase overall US refinery efficiency by improving diesel efficiency

Sinopec Xinjiang Kuqa green hydrogen pilot project enters operation

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

New lifecycle analysis of WTW GHG emissions of diesel and gasoline refined in US from Canadian oil sands crude

Suburban Propane Partners taking 39% stake in DME producer Oberon Fuels; rDME/propane blends

PSA Group outlines powertrain production strategy: gasoline PHEVs, EVs and next-gen diesel and gasoline engines

Kia announces new platform and powertrain details for next-generation Sorento; hybrid, GDI and diesel; PHEV to come

Cleaner fuels have replaced more than 3B gallons of diesel under California Low Carbon Fuel Standard

JRC report assesses R&I in low-emission alternative energy for transport (ALT) in Europe; €2.3B spent from 2007-2020

Brazilian biofuels with LUC may have much higher non-GHG emissions than conventional gasoline and diesel

BMW i Ventures invests in Prometheus Fuels; CO2 air-capture and conversion to carbon-neutral gasoline

In addition to 48V hybrid, VW presents new EA 288 Evo diesel 12V mild hybrid & TGI Evo natural gas engines

Phillips 66 files LCFS pathway applications for renewable gasoline, CIs from 30.9 to 63.4 gCO2e/MJ

Argonne releases GREET 2020

KiOR ships first cellulosic diesel

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions down 1.7% in 2016; carbon intensity of economy down 3.1%; transportation emissions up

UK auto industry warns anti-diesel agenda and slow uptake of EVs could mean missing 2021 CO2 targets; rising CO2 average in 2017

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