Climate Change, International, Ozone and Resource

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. They monitored indoor and outdoor ozone levels, along with other pollutants.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

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JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

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FEBRUARY 22, 2011

The climate change benefit is estimated for 2050 and human health and crop benefits are for 2030 and beyond. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Click to enlarge. Both near-term and long-term strategies are essential, the report concludes.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Noting the references in scientific and policy literature to the need for fast-action mitigation to help avoid DAI and abrupt climate changes, the authors define “fast-action” to include regulatory measures that can begin within 2–3 years, be substantially implemented in 5–10 years, and produce a climate response within decades.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

The climate change benefit is estimated for a given year (2050) and human health and crop benefits are. Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

New WHO has issued new Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) that reduce levels of key air pollutants, some of which also contribute to climate change. When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.

Pollution

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone

Toyota develops tropospheric ozone-concentration simulator for South and East Asia

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. The project was carried out in collaboration with Tsinghua University in China, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) in India, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria.

Ozone

Ozone Asia Toyota India

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

Circle areas are proportional to values for (A and B) climate change, (C and D) human health (values for population over age 30), and (E and F) agriculture. Methane is both a potent greenhouse gas and an important precursor to ground-level ozone. National benefits of the CH 4 plus BC measures versus the reference scenario.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2011

A NASA-led study has documented an unprecedented depletion of Earth’s protective ozone layer above the Arctic last winter and spring caused by an unusually prolonged period of extremely low temperatures in the stratosphere. The same ozone-loss processes occur each winter in the Arctic.

Ozone

Ozone 2011 Aura Davis

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: Climate Change Compendium. The hole in the ozone layer has had a cooling effect on Antarctica, and is partly responsible for masking expected warming on the continent. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. Resources. This is not the first time that HFC-23 reduction measures attracted controversy.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2012

Global benefits from full implementation of measures for reduction of short-lived climate pollutants in 2030 compared to the reference scenario. The climate change benefit is estimated for a given year (2050) and human health and crop benefits are. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Pollution Clean Cleaning

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways.

Ozone

Ozone Water CO2 MIT

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). The contribution of HFCs to climate forcing is currently less than 1% of all greenhouse gases.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

Royal Society Report Concludes Geoengineering and its Consequences May be the Price for Failure to Act on Climate Change; Recommendations for Plan B

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2009

It is an unpalatable truth that unless we can succeed in greatly reducing CO 2 emissions we are headed for a very uncomfortable and challenging climate future, and geoengineering will be the only option left to limit further temperature increases. Professor John Shepherd, chair of the Royal Society’s geoengineering study.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Price International

Cummins CTO John Wall receives California’s premier air quality award

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2015

Haagen-Smit Clean Air Awards are given annually to individuals who have made significant lifetime contributions toward improving air quality and climate change science, technology and policy, furthering the protection of public health. Donald Blake, professor of chemistry, University of California Irvine.

Climate Change

Climate Change Pollution Climate Ozone

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2009

The proposed cause or contribute finding concludes that that the combined emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and HFCs from new motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines contribute to the atmospheric concentrations of these key greenhouse gases and hence to the threat of climate change.

EPA

EPA Climate Change Ozone Motors

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

An international team examining the total warming impact of 25 major synthetic greenhouse gases (SGHGs) has concluded that without additional limits on SGHG use, the resulting increase in warming could outweigh the climate benefits gained thus far from phasing down chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). —Ronald Prinn. Rigby, M.,

Climate

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT

Lancet Series Finds That Cutting Greenhouse Pollutants Will Have Major Direct Health Benefits Worldwide

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2009

The studies use case studies to demonstrate the co-benefits of tackling climate change in four sectors: electricity generation, household energy use, transportation, and food and agriculture. Climate change threatens us all, but its impact will likely be greatest on the poorest communities in every country.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Change Ozone Climate

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2013

SAS involves dozens of other domestic and international research institutions, and is one of the largest North American air quality and climate studies in decades. It is a collaboration that brings together resources and facilities from NSF, NOAA, EPA, and EPRI. What are the climate-relevant properties of aerosol in the SE US?

EPRI

EPRI EPA Mercury Ozone

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

Our results suggest that gas-aerosol interactions play an important role in methane’s GWP, and hence our larger value would allow better optimization of climate change mitigation policies. Methane’s GWP may also change with time as air quality regulations alter the background state of tropospheric chemistry. Shindell et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

As a result of these findings, the researchers say that national governments and international agencies must take urgent action to reduce air pollution, including re-evaluating legislation on air quality and lowering the EU’s current limits on the annual average levels of air pollution to match the WHO guidelines. —Prof Lelieveld.

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Earlier post.). —Timothy Onasch.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

Among the findings of the report, “HFC-134a phase-out in the Chinese light-duty motor vehicle sector”, was that, considering the social cost of CO 2 e, up to 1 trillion RMB in costs (US$150 billion) required to address climate change could be avoided through 2050 by transitioning to low-GWP alternative MACs.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2017

Percent reduction in visible solar energy due to ambient PM (plus a small contribution from ozone) (A), only dust PM deposition (B) deposition of all PM components (C), and atmospheric and deposited combined (D; note change in scale). Credit: ACS, Bergin et al. Click to enlarge. —Michael Bergin. 7b00197.

Solar

Solar Energy Global Production

California ARB greenlights states GHG cap-and-trade program

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

At its meeting in Sacramento yesterday, the California Air Resources Board (ARB) endorsed the state’s cap-and-trade regulation. There are also provisions to develop international offset programs that could include the preservation of international forests. ARB Staff presentation on Cap-and-Trade Program.

California

California Climate Climate Change Gas-Electric

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

Shipping-induced global temperature change in 2050 using different parameterizations of Indirect Aerosol Effect (IAE). A recent study by an international team calculated that shipping causes a net cooling of climate across all parametrizations of the indirect aerosol effect (IAE) and scenarios throughout the period 1900?2050.

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

However, climate models to date have mischaracterized the effects of soot in the atmosphere, according to Jacobson, director of Stanford’s Atmosphere/Energy Program. Because of that, soot’s contribution to global warming has been ignored completely in national and international global warming policy legislation, he said. Dessler et al.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2011

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) is soliciting research suggestions for the Fiscal Year 2012-2013 Annual Research Plan in the form of brief conceptual descriptions that address specified research gaps and support the Board’s ongoing regulatory and policy priorities. The deadline to submit research concepts is 31 January 2012.

Pollution

Pollution 2012 California 2013

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

The Asian monsoon circulation provides an effective pathway for pollution from Asia, India, and Indonesia to enter the global stratosphere, according to a new international study led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo. Click to enlarge.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2013

psi RVP in southern ozone non-attainment areas—but allows a 1 psi RVP waiver for E10. Thus, the evaporative emission increase caused by E30 would then be less than for E10. Currently, the Clean Air Act limits the volatility of gasoline to 9.0 psi RVP and 7.8 This waiver applies only to E10 (E9-E10), not more, not less.).

EPA

EPA Fuel Parts Gasoline

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The draft establishes a new energy efficiency resource standard to enlist electricity and natural gas distribution companies in the effort to make the nation more energy efficient. The draft directs EPA to achieve additional reductions in global warming pollution by entering into agreements to prevent international deforestation.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

The California Air Resources Board released its proposed greenhouse gas cap-and-trade regulation. During the public comment period, ARB staff will continue to meet with stakeholders to refine the regulation and develop proposed changes to present at the Board hearing. Tags: Climate Change Emissions Fuels Policy.

2015

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions

EPA issues greenhouse gas proposals

Green Cars News

APRIL 19, 2009

It has been deemed by the EPA that the emissions from new motor vehicles and their engines contribute to these concentrations and threaten climate change. The analysis also looked at the impact of climate change on human health and suggests that it may lead to higher levels of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.

EPA

EPA Gas Climate Change Arlington

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Life cycle inventories have typically been presented at global, national, or regional levels—sufficient for understanding global processes such as climate change and fossil fuel depletion, but insufficient for the analysis of local processes such as air pollution, according to the researchers. —Tessum et al. Christopher W.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2009

Currently, anthropogenic N 2 O emissions represent the largest contribution to ozone depletion. The study, published online 27 August in the journal Science , for the first time evaluated nitrous oxide emissions from human activities in terms of their potential impact on Earth’s ozone layer. Resources. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions 2009 Climate

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

The SCOPE (Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment) International Biofuels Project, has published the full proceedings of its Rapid Assessment workshop on the environmental effects of biofuel technologies, 22-25 September 2008. SCOPE is part of the International Council for Science. Menichetti and Otto.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

The US, Canada, and Mexico have submitted a proposal to strengthen climate protection under the Montreal Protocol— the international treaty that phases out the production of a number of substances responsible for ozone depletion. Climate protection from the Montreal and Kyoto protocols. Durwood Zaelke. 0902568106.

Ozone

Ozone Micronesia Climate Protection Climate

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

While last year it appeared that the auto industry as a whole would shift to R-1234yf, in September 2012, Daimler said that internal testing had identified safety (flammability) issues under certain conditions, and that it would not use R-1234yf in its products. BMW and Volkswagen followed suit. —Minjares, ICCT Working paper.

Future

Future CO2 Climate 2009

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Cutting Non-CO2 Pollutants Can Delay Abrupt Climate Change; The Fast Action Climate Agenda

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Toyota develops tropospheric ozone-concentration simulator for South and East Asia

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

NASA-led study identifies unprecedented depletion of stratospheric ozone layer above Arctic

UN Review of Recent Climate Research Concludes That Impacts Of Climate Change Coming Faster Than Anticipated

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

New international Climate and Clean Air Coalition to focus on reduction of short-lived climate pollutants

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Royal Society Report Concludes Geoengineering and its Consequences May be the Price for Failure to Act on Climate Change; Recommendations for Plan B

Cummins CTO John Wall receives California’s premier air quality award

EPA Issues Proposed Endangerment Finding for Greenhouse Gases; Proposed Cause or Contribute Finding Identifies Motor Vehicles as Contributing Source

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Lancet Series Finds That Cutting Greenhouse Pollutants Will Have Major Direct Health Benefits Worldwide

EPA, NSF, NOAA, Southern Company and EPRI contribute >$20M to fund SouthEast Atmosphere Study

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Study finds anthropogenic PM and dust undercutting global solar energy production

California ARB greenlights states GHG cap-and-trade program

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

California ARB soliciting research suggestions for FY 2012-2013 plan; sustainable communities, behavior, pollutant exposure, air pollution science, GHG targets

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

EPA issues greenhouse gas proposals

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

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