Carbon, Emissions, Ozone and Resource

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2020

Large improvements of air quality in China during the lockdown have been widely reported, but new research shows that two pollutants harmful to human health—fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and ozone—were only slightly reduced. and ozone were only slightly reduced or barely affected.

Ozone

Ozone China Pollution 2020

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. This new study is based on a thorough review of a decade of research on aviation emissions. The formation and emission of sulfate aerosol yields a negative (cooling) term.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

The first is the Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO), which aims to advance combustion engine technology and simultaneously reduce criteria emissions, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and ozone. Older locomotive engines generate a surprising amount of unwanted emissions.

Carbon

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone

Ozone Climate Global Water

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2020

California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. Source: California Air Resources Board (ARB). Total statewide 2018 GHG emissions were 425.3 Transportation emissions declined 1.5

2020

2020 California Emissions 2018

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2018

High levels of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and to a lesser extent, ozone, may be linked to a heightened risk of developing mouth cancer, suggests a study by a team of Taiwanese researchers. A significant association was also observed for ozone levels below 28.69-30.97 µg/m 3 , those above 40.37

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Taiwan 2009

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. The identified measures complement, but do not replace, anticipated carbon dioxide reduction measures.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. At the same time, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide concentrations tended to go up. 3 , respectively, being 2.7

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours. The results are less clear in Dallas and Houston.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge. °C (2.7 °F),

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2016

A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. The monitoring methods can quickly and accurately detect ozone anomalies—localized spikes in ozone concentration indicated by sensor data.

Ozone

Ozone Saudi Arabia Pollution France

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C Their paper is published in the journal Science.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. As a result, they reported that they had almost completely eliminated HFC-23 emissions by 2017.

Emissions

Emissions India Ozone 2017

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. while the carbon intensity of its economy declined by 4.5%. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The vehicle test matrix had provisions for five vehicles on each emissions standards category (i.e.,

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities. Copyright : Taylor & Francis.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2020

The California Air Resources Board recently approved first-in-the-nation rules to curb the impact of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants. HFCs are synthetic gases that are used in a variety of applications, but mainly to replace ozone-depleting substances in aerosols, foams, refrigeration and air-conditioning.

Pollution

Pollution California Commercial Climate

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), and carbon monoxide (CO)—it also has an impact on other damaging pollutants. and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. nitrogen dioxide (NO?) sulfur dioxide (SO?) Particulate matter (PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Global 2005 Ozone

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 18, 2020

Vehicle electrification in the United States could prevent hundreds to thousands of premature deaths annually while reducing carbon emissions by hundreds of millions of tons. In the new study, Horton, Peters and their team looked at vehicle fleet and emissions data from 2014. Peters, D. Schnell, J. Kinney, P.

Climate Change

Climate Change Pollution Climate 2014

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2016

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has posted a revised draft of California’s proposed Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP) Strategy. Black carbon. These reductions have come from strong efforts to reduce on-road vehicle emissions, especially diesel particulate matter.

Pollution

Pollution California Emissions Climate

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. —Report to Congress on Black Carbon. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Congress

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. —Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

For example, states in the western US (WUS) generally produce a larger fraction of their electricity from renewable and/or “emission-free” sources (i.e., Most studies that have examined the impact of EVs report only changes in the total emissions associated with their adoption, but do not consider their spatial or temporal variation.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2010

In a new study published online 10 March in the ACS journal Environmental Science and Technology , however, Stanford University professor Mark Jacobson finds that local CO 2 emissions in isolation may increase local ozone and particulate matter. Not all carbon dioxide emissions are equal. Jacobson, 2010. Mark Jacobson.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution CO2

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has adopted new LEV III emissions regulations which go into effect in 2015, requiring automakers to further reduce evaporative emissions. The Super Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle (SULEV) standard under these regulations specifies near-zero evaporative emissions.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel Economy Ozone Conversion

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2021

In the report, the investigators describe the development of new exposure models for all of Europe for four pollutants: fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ), as well as PM 2.5 particle composition. Brunekreef B, Strak M, Chen J, Andersen ZJ, Atkinson R, Bauwelinck M, et al.

Pollution

Pollution Europe Ozone Boston

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

2010 engines emissions reduction relative to 2010, 2007, and 2004 US emission standards. The study, the Phase 2 Report of the comprehensive Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES). These reductions came while emissions of fine particles were also 92% lower than the 2010 standard 99% lower than 2004 emissions.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. Carbon-reduction policies significantly improve air quality.

MIT

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Key research questions focused on components of air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide) that are particularly damaging to the cardiovascular system and mechanisms that damage the vessels.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

This continued shorter-term cooling response caused by certain emissions does not negate the necessity for reductions in CO 2 emissions, which are crucial to limiting the long-term warming impact of the sector, the researchers cautioned. of the total anthropogenic CO 2 emissions in that year.

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

California Air Resources Board adopts GHG cap-and-trade program; first auctions slated for Aug/Nov 2012

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2011

The California Air Resources Board on Thursday adopted the final greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cap-and-trade regulation. The “cap” limits GHG emissions, and uses allowances—one allowance equals one ton of GHGs—to control total emissions. Earlier post.) business-as-usual.

2012

2012 California Climate Change Climate

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

On the first day of a two-day board meeting—the second day of which (Friday 24 March) will consider the Advanced Clean Cars Midterm Review—the California Air Resources Board (ARB) took a number of climate and air quality actions. emissions by more than 20%.

Climate

Climate California Ozone Pollution

More Reflective Roofs and Pavements Could Help Offset Climate Emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2010

Increasing the reflectivity or albedo of roofs and pavements in urban areas could offset greenhouse gas emissions by a significant amount, according to an open access paper published last month in the IOP journal Environmental Research Letters. 5 014005 doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/5/1/01400.

Climate

Climate Emissions Climate Change Ozone

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

Climate response to non-CO 2 vehicle emissions. vehicle emissions under the baseline scenario (a) and the difference between the tight-standard and baseline scenarios (b). However, these standards will not reduce CO 2 emissions, which is required to mitigate long-term climate change, the team notes. Shindell et al.

Climate

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. Emission standard. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? Abiotic Resource Depletion Potential (kg Sb equivalent). emissions).

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Study finds COVID-19 lockdown in China brought only slight reduction in PM2.5 and ozone

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

CSIRO study finds ozone uptake in oceans much lower than previously thought

Latest GHG Inventory shows California remains below 2020 emissions target; much steeper rate of GHG reductions required

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

California introduces first-in-nation rules to reduce climate “super pollutants” from commercial refrigeration, air conditioning equipment

WHO issues new, lower Global Air Quality Guidelines for classical pollutants

Study: 25% EV adoption would save US $17B annually from avoided climate change & pollution damages

California Air Resources Board posts revised draft of strategy to reduce “Super Pollutants”

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Urban CO2 Domes May Enhance May Increase Ozone and PM, With Accompanying Increase in Mortality

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

HEI study in Europe finds evidence of health effects at lower levels of air pollution

UN report projects that increasing use of HFCs likely to have a significant climate impact by 2050; equivalent to current total annual emissions from transport

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

California Air Resources Board adopts GHG cap-and-trade program; first auctions slated for Aug/Nov 2012

California ARB moves forward with climate and air quality actions

More Reflective Roofs and Pavements Could Help Offset Climate Emissions

GISS study finds applying stricter non-CO2 vehicle emission standards worldwide would yield climate benefits in addition to major health and agricultural benefits

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Stay Connected