Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2019

From 2011 to 2015, California experienced its worst drought on record, with a parching combination of high temperatures and low precipitation. Although ozone in the stratosphere protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation, at ground level the molecule is a harmful air pollutant to humans, animals and plants.

Ozone 207

Ozone Pollution Fresno California 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Seltzer et al.

Ozone 207

Ozone 2015 United States Europe 207

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone 273

Ozone EPA Standards 2015 273

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone 150

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone 150

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2018

and ozone at or above the current standards have been linked to neuroinflammation and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A 2015 study found a 138% risk of increase of AD per increase of 4.34 ?g/m This study focused on studying 507 CSF normal samples from children, teens and young adults average age 12.8±6.7

Pollution 318

Pollution Ozone Mexico Montana 318

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other institutions have conducted a statistical analysis of pollution exposure and yields from 1980 to 2015 on a key sector making up about 38% of the state’s total agricultural output: perennial crops such as almonds, grapes, nectarines, peaches, strawberries and walnuts.

Ozone 186

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2019

According to a study commissioned by the Washington, DC-based Propane Education & Research Council (PERC), NO x emissions measured from propane autogas school buses were substantially lower than those measured from diesel school buses. —Ross Ryskamp, Ph.D., associate director for testing and development at CAFEE. billion settlement.

West Virginia 312

West Virginia Diesel Emissions Virginia 312

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2018

Air pollution—specifically PM 2.5 , ozone and NO 2 —could be to blame for up to 33 million emergency asthma attack visits to hospital a year, according to a new open-access study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5 37% and 73% of ozone and PM 2.5

Pollution 207

Pollution Ozone International Aura 207

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Some of the substitutes for ozone-damaging chemicals that being phased out worldwide under international agreements are themselves potent greenhouse gases and contribute to warming. Burkholder (2015) “An atmospheric photochemical source of the persistent greenhouse gas CF4” Geophysical Research Letters doi: 10.1002/2015GL066193.

Ozone 150

Ozone Colorado Gas Carbon 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH).

Pollution 360

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas 360

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

A new international study has found that laboratory tests of nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel vehicles significantly underestimate the real-world emissions by as much as 50%. In Europe, the ozone mortality burden each year would be 10% lower if diesel vehicle nitrogen oxide emissions were in line with certification limits.

Diesel 230

Diesel International Emissions Ozone 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions 150

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

Air pollution could be causing double the number of excess deaths a year in Europe than has been estimated previously, according to a study published in the European Heart Journal. million deaths in 2015. Smoking is avoidable but air pollution is not. They focused particularly on PM 2.5 Jos Lelieveld, Thomas Münzel et al.

Pollution 320

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria 320

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. That is where this study fits in. The team also observed chemical transformations of the emissions from Decatur, including formation of new particles, nitric acid, peroxyacyl nitrates, aldehydes, ozone and sulfate aerosol.

Ozone 150

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

annual average), according to a major international study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% An additional 217,000 deaths were attributable to long-term ozone exposure.

2013 150

2013 Ozone Asia Africa 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2014

Children living in polluted megacities are at increased risk for brain inflammation and neurodegenerative changes, including Alzheimer or Parkinson’s disease, according to a study led by University of Montana Professor Dr. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas and her colleagues. Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas et al.

Pollution 275

Pollution Mexico Los Angeles New York City 275

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. 15, 9983-9996, doi: 10.5194/acp-15-9983-2015. Hopkins, J. Lidster, R.

London 150

London Pollution Diesel Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Starting in 2015, India and China, thought to be the main emitters of HFC-23, announced ambitious plans to abate emissions in factories that produce the gas. Our study finds that it is very likely that China has not been as successful in reducing HFC-23 emissions as reported. However, it looks like there is still work to do.

Emissions 199

Emissions India Ozone 2017 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2015

A study by researchers from the US, Mexico and Canada has found that children’s urban air pollution exposures result in systemic and brain inflammation and the early hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study found that clinically healthy children who live in a polluted environment and who also carry a gene—the apolipoprotein ?4

Pollution 150

Pollution Mexico Montana Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2015

Results from a new study by researchers at the University of California Irvine support a growing body of scientific literature indicating that sensitive populations, including children, certain ethnic groups and people of lower socioeconomic status, are more vulnerable to the effects of high exposures to traffic-related air pollution.

Pollution 150

Pollution California Davis Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

used global composition-climate modelling to examine the integrated impacts of adopting stringent European on-road vehicle-emission standards for non-CO 2 pollutants in 2015 in many developing countries. million metric tons of avoided ozone-related yield losses of major food crops; $US0.6-2.4 Shindell et al. Shindell et al.’s

Climate 231

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., The study exposed laboratory rats 80 hours a week, for up to 30 months, to emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine meeting 2007 US EPA standards using new filters and other control technology.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

This study builds on the 2007 Environmental Assessment of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles by EPRI and NRDC ( earlier post ), which showed that plug-in hybrid electric vehicles could contribute to reductions in national greenhouse gas emissions, while also leading to improved air quality. —Mike Howard, EPRI president and CEO.

EPRI 150

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Seven billion people, more than 95% of the world’s population, lived in areas exceeding the WHO Guideline for healthy air in 2016, according to a new global study. Ozone, another important component of outdoor air pollution, whose levels are on the rise around the world, contributed to 234,000 deaths from chronic lung disease.

Pollution 218

Pollution Coal 2016 India 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

million people per year, according to a study carried out by a team led by researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz. Results of the study are published in the journal Nature. In the EU exposure to fine particles and ozone claims 180,000 lives a year, including 35,000 in Germany. Jos Lelieveld, John S.

Pollution 150

Pollution Ozone Saudi Arabia Asia 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2016

Air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, suggests a population-based study by a team from the University of Southern California published in the journal Thorax. Participants’ average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particulate matter of less than 10 um, and less than 2.5

Pollution 150

Pollution 2016 Ozone California 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

That study provided estimates of vessel traffic (numbers of vessels and transits) based on modeling of current vessel activity patterns, growth potential, and vessel projection scenarios, including diversion from other routes, and oil and gas development. —Azzara and Rutherford, ICCT Working Paper 2015-1. Earlier post.).

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

The multi-filter was designed especially for the SPA platform and will first appear in the all-new XC90 in the beginning of 2015. This is a significant improvement as studies have shown that dust particles smaller than 10 µm can cause a number of health problems, including difficulty breathing and lung infections. Ground-level ozone.

Volvo 236

Volvo Emissions Ozone Environment 236

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 16, 2021

In 2015, the U.S. We see it as similar to the ozone hole problem, where we really needed a tight, science-based focus on the limits to human inputs to the system--and howthose inputs affected the ozone layer's ability to keep people safe. Do you object to that term, and if so, what term do you prefer?

Climate 143

Climate Climate Change Mariner Pollution 143

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2019

This study underscores the need to increase funding for the replacement of older marine engines, reduce exposure to diesel emissions, and for EPA to update the service life assumptions used by the 2008 Rule. Starting in 2015, new diesel engines used in marine applications in the United States were required to meet Tier 4 emissions standards.

Mariner 223

Mariner EPA Emissions Engine 223

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

In their paper on lifecycle analysis, Emanuela Menichetti and Martina Otto reviewed and assessed 30 LCA studies particularly those relating to the energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of biofuels produced from a range of crops and other biomass feedstocks using various conversion technologies.

Conversion 150

Conversion Water Emissions 2009 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The achievement of this goal should be extended from 2015 to 2020 in order to have sufficient time to carry out R&D on this stretch goal. California’s and, potentially, EPA’s move toward further heavy-duty NO x reductions to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone will be critical.

MPG 150

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon 150

Carbon Personal Store Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2018

The program, established in 2015, unites DOE’s supercomputing capabilities and expertise with American manufacturers to optimize production processes, enhance product quality and speed up design and testing cycles while decreasing energy consumption. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has awarded nearly $3.8

Manufacturer 170

Manufacturer Batteries Battery Ozone 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2013

A study by a team at the the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) finds that if that lag persists and present trends in vehicle activity continue, early deaths from vehicle-related PM 2.5 The report makes three advances over previous studies, the authors noted. Chambliss et al. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 220

Emissions Global Fuel Vehicles 220