Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2022

Fuel ethanol, a biofuel most commonly mixed with finished motor gasoline, is second only to coal as the most-transported fuel by rail. These percentages have held relatively steady since 2010, the earliest data on record. Fuel ethanol arrives at blending terminals by railcar, and gasoline arrives by pipeline.

Fuel 293

Fuel Gasoline Coal Transportation 293

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2017

As part of the new technology to achieve this vision, the company disclosed plans to introduce a next-generation gasoline engine called SKYACTIV-X in 2019. This new proprietary combustion engine combines the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines to optimize environmental performance, power and acceleration performance. Yamasaki, Y.,

Mazda 186

Mazda Gasoline Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2022

Other fuels that play a role in commercial trucking include gasoline (23%) and compressed natural gas (0.4%). For gasoline vehicles that make up about a quarter of all commercial trucks (Class 3-8), more than half (57.5%) of those in operation are 2007 and newer model years. Electric and other categories each register less than 1%.

Diesel 468

Diesel Fleet Commercial District of Columbia 468

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

Maximum gasoline sulfur limits. A trio of European countries and one from South America made major strides in reducing their levels of sulfur content in gasoline, allowing them to advance in the annual global ranking published by Hart Energy’s International Fuel Quality Center (IFQC). Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 231

Gasoline Standards Montenegro Croatia 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

Shell has developed a lead-free replacement for aviation gasoline (Avgas 100 and 100LL); the replacement fuel will now begin a strict regulatory approvals process. Leaded gasoline for automobiles was phased out of use in the US by 1995 due to its environmental and health impact.) Shell is the first major oil company to do so.

Gasoline 246

Gasoline EPA Emissions Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco 239

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2009

The new Alfa Romeo Giulietta will make its debut at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2010. Four Turbo engines will be available at launch, all Euro 5 compliant and fitted with a standard “Start&Stop” system for reducing consumption and emissions: two gasoline engines (1.4TB - 120 HP and 1.4TB MultiAir - 170 HP) and two diesel engines (1.6

2010 186

2010 Standards Engine Gasoline 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2017

The staff of the California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff is considering including alternative jet fuel (AJF) in the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). In 2009, the ARB approved the LCFS regulation to reduce the carbon intensity (CI) of transportation fuel used in California by at least 10% by 2020 from a 2010 baseline.

Standards 186

Standards Fuel California Carbon 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2010

Toyota introduced the Auris Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) at the 2010 Geneva motor show, marking a significant milestone in Toyota’s planned deployment of the Hybrid Synergy Drive powertrain across Toyota’s entire model range by early 2020s. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. Earlier post.).

2010 199

2010 Gasoline Toyota Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2011

India plans to introduce new fuel efficiency standards; the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards will give auto manufacturers time until 2015 to increase fuel economy from the current average of 14.1 L/100km) of gasoline to 17.3 The draft standard will be CO 2 emission of 135 gm/km for entire fleet in 2015.

Standards 247

Standards India Fuel Fuel Economy 247

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2013

The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia ruled this week in a case (#12-1139) brought by the American Petroleum Institute (API) against the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ( earlier post ), and vacated the 2012 cellulosic biofuel RFS standard while affirming the 2012 advanced biofuel standard.

2012 244

2012 Standards DC EPA 244

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2016

Since 2013, the share of premium gasoline in total motor gasoline sales in the US has steadily increased to 11.3% The octane rating of gasoline is an indicator of its resistance to spontaneous combustion. Use of higher-octane gasoline can offset the increased risk of engine knock caused by increasing engine compression.

Downsizing 150

Downsizing Gasoline Engine Design 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing a reduction in the cellulosic biofuel and total renewable fuel standards (RFS) for 2014. billion gallons; the final 2013 overall volumes and standards require 16.55 EPA is proposing to maintain the biomass-based diesel standard for 2014 and 2015 at the 2013 level of 1.28

2014 255

2014 EPA Renewable Standards 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2011

2010 Fleet-average weight and fleet-average CO 2 emissions by carmaker, compared with EU target line. Europe’s eight largest carmakers cut their CO 2 emissions by an average of 2% to 6% in 2010. in 2010, and today the average figure for new cars sold in Europe is 140 grams per kilometer. Source: T&E. Click to enlarge.

2010 239

2010 Volvo Diesel Parts 239

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2010

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the 2011 percentage standards for the four categories of fuel—cellulosic, biomass-based diesel, advanced biofuel, and total renewable fuels—under the agency’s renewable fuel standard program, known as RFS2. EPA had proposed percentages earlier in the year.

EPA 236

EPA 2011 Renewable Standards 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2015

The Air Resources Board re-adopted a Low Carbon Fuel Standard ( LCFS ), which requires a 10% reduction by 2020 in the carbon intensity of transportation fuels. Gasoline and Gasoline Substitutes. The Board also adopted a regulation governing alternative diesel fuels ( ADF ). LCFS Compliance Schedule 2011-2020. 95.61 [ 1 ].

Carbon 150

Carbon California Fuel Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 2, 2020

Over the past three decades, fleet-average emissions for nitrogen monoxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC) have shown a significant downward trend and have remained particularly low after the phase-in of the US EPA Tier 2 standards in the mid-2000s. In older model years, the deterioration can exceed 0.2 Source: The ICCT.

Fleet 221

Fleet Emissions EPA 2010 221

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2011

The California Air Resources Board voted Friday to amend the Low Carbon Fuel Standard ( LCFS ) to streamline procedures and clarify language. Regulated facilities began operating under the Low Carbon Fuel Standard in April of 2010. Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

Carbon 231

Carbon Standards California Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2010

liter engine, the HR12DDR, which aims to achieve the lowest level of fuel consumption in the world for gasoline-powered cars while delivering power output equivalent to that of a 1.5L Click to enlarge. Nissan Motor Co., unveiled a newly developed 1.2-liter engine and CO 2 emissions of 95 grams per kilometer (New European Drive Cycle).

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Gasoline Engine Nissan Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Solid bars represent low ambient temperature measurements whereas open, dashed bars represent standard temperature measurements. Nanoparticle emissions from gasoline spark ignition vehicles can be strongly dependent on vehicle speed and engine load. Hyundai Sonata wall- guided, stoichiometric GDI vehicle (GDI#1) and a 2010 2.4L

Environment 230

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada 230

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

As reported in a paper in ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , the results showed that GDI technology has the potential to meet the upcoming California LEV III and US EPA Tier 3 PM mass standard of 3 mg/mi (phasing in over MY2017? Earlier post.) fuel injection timing, number of injections, fuel pressure, injector placement, etc.)

Standards 246

Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2011

US President Barack Obama announced fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emission standards for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. Heavy-duty engines affected by the final standards are generally those that are installed in commercial medium- and heavy-duty trucks and buses. The standards will phase in to the 2017 levels shown in Table 1.

Fuel Economy 344

Fuel Economy Standards Obama Economy 344

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2012

A status review of California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) ( earlier post ) for the period of 2011 and the first quarter of 2012 by Dr. Sonia Yeh at the Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis and Julie Witcover found that regulated parties in the LCFS—i.e., gCO 2 e/MJ for gasoline. million), for a net surplus of 0.80

Standards 247

Standards California 2012 2011 247

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

A scatter plot of CO, as a tracer for pollution, versus CO 2 , as a tracer for the amount of combustion, for 2002 and 2010. Even though the CO 2 enhancements over background were comparable in the two years, about 25 ppm in 2002 and 35 ppm in 2010, the ?CO/?CO2 CO2 ratio for this flight track segment decreased from 24.5

Los Angeles 285

Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002 285

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2011

The new Obama Administration proposal to increase fuel efficiency standards for cars and light trucks to an average 54.5 The new Obama Administration proposal to increase fuel efficiency standards for cars and light trucks to an average 54.5 The HTF is already taking a revenue hit with the standards put in place in 2010, Buechner says.

MPG 207

MPG Standards Obama Fuel 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2009

liter gasoline engines. Essential to quick warm up and start of the catalyst to meet Euro 5 emissions standards, BorgWarner BERU Systems glow plugs deliver instant, clean cold starts with lower emissions. According to Hyundai, the 2010 ix35 will be built and sold in Europe with the all-new R 2.0-liter mpg US (6.5 liter and 2.4-liter

Tucson 199

Tucson 2010 Hyundai Engine 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2010

Hyundai Motor Company introduced a new sub-compact family sedan concept RB at the 2010 Moscow International Motor Show (MIMS). DOHC in-line four cylinder gasoline engine that features multiport fuel injection with CVVT (Continuously Variable Valve Timing). The estimated power and torque of the 1.6

Hyundai 218

Hyundai 2010 Concept Motor 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2010

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates in the April 2010 release of its Short-Term Energy and Summer Fuels Outlook that CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels, which declined by 6.6% in 2010 and 1.1% million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2010 and 1.6 in 2010 and to $2.96 in 2009, will increase by 2.1%

2008 186

2008 2010 Emissions Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region. Slower than expected sales of hybrids everywhere in the world but Japan in 2010.

Transportation 250

Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2018

To work with international partners to research and develop new standards for tires and brakes to address toxic non-exhaust emissions of micro plastics from vehicles which can pollute air and water. Ending the sale of new conventional diesel and gasoline cars and vans by 2040. A coming plan to phase out diesel-only trains by 2040.

Clean 186

Clean Cleaning Diesel Gasoline 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2010

Mexico’s state oil company, PEMEX Refining, has awarded ICA Fluor engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for two low-sulfur gasoline projects in Mexico valued at $622 million as part of its clean fuels program. Fluor will book its $311 million portion of the award in the first quarter of 2010.

Gasoline 199

Gasoline Mexico Oil Maintenance 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2023

Power consumption of the standard i7 xDrive60 is 19.6 – 18.4 VR9 stands for the vehicle resistance class according to which a special protection vehicle is certified under the VPAM (Vereinigung der Prüfstellen für angriffshemmende Materialien und Konstruktionen) BRV (Bullet Resistant Vehicles) 2009 standard. Earlier post.) kWh/100 km.

BMW 370

BMW Production MPH Electric 370

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2009

The US Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Energy today released the 2010 Fuel Economy Guide, which gives consumers information about estimated fuel costs and mileage standards for model year 2010 vehicles. For MY 2010, the Prius is the top fuel economy leader , with EPA ratings of 51/48 mpg city/highway.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy 2010 Economy EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2017

Diesel has played a major role in the European Union’s efforts to reduce CO 2 emissions from the automotive fleet; the market share of fuel-efficient new diesel cars in the European Union has remained above 50% since 2010.

Diesel 150

Diesel Standards CO2 Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2009

an order to convert 463 Ford E-250 vans to run on compressed natural gas (CNG) to be fulfilled during the second quarter of 2010. The new order is in addition to a 463-unit order from AT&T for vehicles to be delivered during the first quarter of 2010. AT&T has awarded to BAF Technologies, Inc., Earlier post.) Earlier post.).

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Conversion 2010 Clean Cleaning 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2013

Overall consumption of alternative transportation fuels in the US increased almost 13% in 2011 to a total of 515,920 thousand gasoline-equivalent gallons, compared to 457,755 thousand gasoline-equivalent gallons in 2010, according to the latest Alternative Fuel Vehicle Data from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

2011 218

2011 Alternative Fuels Fuel Gas 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2010

Gas chromatograph traces of conventional 87 octane gasoline (top) and CoolPlanetBioFuels drop-in gasoline produced from corn cobs. Two fractionators in a module can produce one million gallons of gasoline per year, with capex of $0.50/gallon Source: CoolPlanetBioFuels. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. gallon US.

Gasoline 247

Gasoline Energy Gasoline-Electric Carbon 247