Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2011

India plans to introduce new fuel efficiency standards; the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards will give auto manufacturers time until 2015 to increase fuel economy from the current average of 14.1 L/100km) of gasoline to 17.3 In 2010, the average CO 2 emission was 165 gm/km. Hindustan Times.

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Standards India Fuel Fuel Economy 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

Adjusted CO 2 emissions and adjusted fuel economy, MY 1975-2011. The report finds that CO 2 emissions rates and fuel economy values reflect a very favorable multi-year trend beginning in MY 2005. The fleet-wide average real world MY 2011 personal vehicle CO 2 emissions value is 398 g/mi and average fuel economy is 22.4

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Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

Maximum gasoline sulfur limits. A trio of European countries and one from South America made major strides in reducing their levels of sulfur content in gasoline, allowing them to advance in the annual global ranking published by Hart Energy’s International Fuel Quality Center (IFQC). Click to enlarge. —Frederick L.

Gasoline 231

Gasoline Standards Montenegro Croatia 231

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

Plug-in hybrids dominate market penetration in 2025 under CAR scenario IV (62 mpg CAFE standard). Power and Associates to project the technology segmentation necessary to achieve anticipated fuel economy mandates in 2025. The 2010 NRC study, conducted under contract to. the 2008 model year fuel economy ratings.

Fuel Economy 199

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2017

Engine developers can use this information to validate computer models and design advanced engine combustion strategies that will improve fuel economy for consumers while also lowering tailpipe pollutant emissions. The work is a significant contribution to the Engine Combustion Network established in 2010 by Lyle Pickett at Sandia.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Emissions Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2010

Toyota introduced the Auris Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD) at the 2010 Geneva motor show, marking a significant milestone in Toyota’s planned deployment of the Hybrid Synergy Drive powertrain across Toyota’s entire model range by early 2020s. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. liter diesel or gasoline hatchback. Earlier post.).

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2010 Gasoline Toyota Diesel 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2009

liter gasoline engines. Essential to quick warm up and start of the catalyst to meet Euro 5 emissions standards, BorgWarner BERU Systems glow plugs deliver instant, clean cold starts with lower emissions. According to Hyundai, the 2010 ix35 will be built and sold in Europe with the all-new R 2.0-liter L/100km) fuel economy.

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Tucson 2010 Hyundai Engine 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2015

The Cummins team not only surpassed all fuel-economy targets, but also achieved criteria emissions lower than the stringent Tier 2/Bin 2 levels. The demonstration vehicle, provided by Nissan North America, is a 2010 Nissan Titan originally equipped with a gasoline V8 engine. Test cycle fuel economy (mpg). ATLAS target.

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Fuel Economy Economy Diesel Light 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2010

liter engine, the HR12DDR, which aims to achieve the lowest level of fuel consumption in the world for gasoline-powered cars while delivering power output equivalent to that of a 1.5L Models with stop-start offer fuel economy of 26.0 Click to enlarge. Nissan Motor Co., unveiled a newly developed 1.2-liter km/L (61 mpg US, 3.85

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Gasoline Engine Nissan Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

Under their optimistic scenario (OPT)—which is based on the assumption that EVs are market-competitive with gasoline vehicles, in particular after 2025—they find 15% and 47% adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in 2030 and 2050, respectively. Credit: ACS, Keshavarzmohammadian et al. Click to enlarge.

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Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2010

Hyundai Motor Company introduced a new sub-compact family sedan concept RB at the 2010 Moscow International Motor Show (MIMS). DOHC in-line four cylinder gasoline engine that features multiport fuel injection with CVVT (Continuously Variable Valve Timing). The estimated power and torque of the 1.6

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Hyundai 2010 Concept Motors 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing a reduction in the cellulosic biofuel and total renewable fuel standards (RFS) for 2014. billion gallons; the final 2013 overall volumes and standards require 16.55 EPA is proposing to maintain the biomass-based diesel standard for 2014 and 2015 at the 2013 level of 1.28

2014 255

2014 EPA Renewable Standards 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

As reported in a paper in ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , the results showed that GDI technology has the potential to meet the upcoming California LEV III and US EPA Tier 3 PM mass standard of 3 mg/mi (phasing in over MY2017? Earlier post.) fuel injection timing, number of injections, fuel pressure, injector placement, etc.)

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Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2011

The new Obama Administration proposal to increase fuel efficiency standards for cars and light trucks to an average 54.5 The new Obama Administration proposal to increase fuel efficiency standards for cars and light trucks to an average 54.5 The HTF is already taking a revenue hit with the standards put in place in 2010, Buechner says.

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MPG Standards Obama Fuel 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2010

The US Department of Transportation’s (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a Notice of Intent (NOI) to begin developing new standards for greenhouse gases and fuel economy for light-duty vehicles for the 2017-2025 model years. Earlier post.).

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Fuel Economy EPA 2017 Economy 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2018

To work with international partners to research and develop new standards for tires and brakes to address toxic non-exhaust emissions of micro plastics from vehicles which can pollute air and water. Ending the sale of new conventional diesel and gasoline cars and vans by 2040. Air quality strategies for all major English ports.

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Clean Cleaning Diesel Gasoline 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2012

The Global Fuel Economy Initiative ( GFEI ) ( earlier post ) launched its second three-year effort to improve vehicle fuel economy around the world at the International Transport Forum in Leipzig. litres of gasoline equivalent per 100km. —“Global Fuel Economy Initiative Plan of Action 2012-2015. Policy support.

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Fuel Economy Economy Global Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Solid bars represent low ambient temperature measurements whereas open, dashed bars represent standard temperature measurements. Nanoparticle emissions from gasoline spark ignition vehicles can be strongly dependent on vehicle speed and engine load. Hyundai Sonata wall- guided, stoichiometric GDI vehicle (GDI#1) and a 2010 2.4L

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Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada 230

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

those which do not favor one technology over another through consumer incentives, federal subsidies, testing standards or technology-specific credits. Current fuel economy policy clearly demonstrates this fact. —“The Case for Technology Neutral Public Policy in Fuel Economy Debate”.

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Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG 247

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2010

A new economic analysis in an issue brief from the Consumer Federation of America (CFA) is recommending that the Obama Administration set a fleet-wide car and light truck fuel economy standard of 60 mpg (3.92 The Obama Administration will release a Notice of Intent for 2017-2025 light duty fuel economy standards on 30 September.

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MPG Standards America Fuel Economy 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2012

Tax credits and gasoline prices necessary for various electric vehicles to be cost-competitive with conventional vehicles at 2011 vehicle prices. Those people who purchase electric vehicles because of the tax credit use less gasoline and produce fewer emissions of greenhouse gases than would otherwise be the case. Source: CBO.

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Tax Credit Gasoline Tax Gasoline-Electric 252

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

Strengthening the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty trucks could create as many as 124,000 jobs in the US by 2030, with all 50 states experiencing net job growth, according to a new report by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) and CALSTART. Improving the average fuel economy of these trucks by 3.7 per gallon fuel price.

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Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Gasoline-Electric 239

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2009

The 2010 Lexus LS 600h hybrid. The relationship between movement of the accelerator pedal and system output is automatically controlled, reducing response to aggressive inputs to improve fuel economy and promote smoother driving. CO 2 emissions are 219 g/km and combined cycle fuel consumption economy remains 9.3 L/100km (25.3

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LS 600H Lexus 2010 Hybrid 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2010

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates in the April 2010 release of its Short-Term Energy and Summer Fuels Outlook that CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels, which declined by 6.6% in 2010 and 1.1% million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2010 and 1.6 in 2010 and to $2.96 in 2009, will increase by 2.1%

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2008 2010 Emissions Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2013

The world’s consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, and other petroleum products reached a record high of 88.9 The rapidly industrializing economies of China and India fueled much of Asia’s demand increase, growing 2.8 Increased consumption in 2010 reflected improving economic conditions. million bbl/d.

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North America 2012 America Europe 261

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2009

Audi announced pricing for the 2010 A3 TDI, its second US clean diesel offering launched this year. L/100km) highway cycle fuel economy—the highest highway fuel economy in the luxury car category, according to US Environmental Protection Agency estimates. The MSRPs do not include a delivery, processing and handling fee of $875.

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HS 250h Audi 2009 Clean 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2010

liter V6, while also improving fuel economy. The 2011 Highlander Hybrid receives EPA estimated fuel economy ratings of 28 mpg city and 28 mpg highway (8.4 The 2010 Highlander Hybrid carries an EPA fuel economy rating of 27 mpg city, 25 mpg highway. liter V6 is standard on the Limited grade and available for the others.

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Highlander Fuel Economy 2011 Economy 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

As a comparison, the 2011 Lexus HS 250h Standard—which Ford uses as the MKZ Hybrid’s closest competition— carries an MSRP of $35,100; the premium model for 2011 carries an MSRP of $37,870. liter Atkinson-cycle I-4 hybrid engine, named one of Ward’s 2010 10 Best Engines. The 2011 Lincoln MKZ Hybrid. Click to enlarge.

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HS 250h Hybrid Price Gasoline 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 2, 2011

Joint research and development, production and component purchasing will leverage significant economies of scale for both companies. This initiative of BMW Group and PSA Peugeot Citroën aims to develop standard hybrid components for the electrification of their vehicle ranges. million units from 2006 to 2010. Earlier post.).

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BMW Hybrid Standards 2010 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2009

liter four-cylinder with BMW High Precision Injection (direct gasoline injection) developing 125 kW (170 hp) at 6,700 rpm and peak torque of 210 N·m (155 lb-ft) at 4,250 rpm, accelerating the BMW 120i Coupé from zero to 100 km/h in 7.8 The new models will go on sale in September 2009. The new BMW 120i Coupé is powered by a 2.0-liter

BMW 150

BMW Standards 2010 Engine 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

Theta II GDI, its first Gasoline Direct Injection engine before an audience of engineers attending the Ninth Annual Hyundai-Kia International Powertrain Conference in Korea. Theta II GDI engine will make its debut in the first half of 2010 starting with the recently launched Sonata. Theta II GDI. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

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Hyundai Gasoline Engine Production 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2012

Toyota anticipates a 1/3 full hybrid, 1/3 gasoline, 1/3 diesel engine mix. The launch of the Auris Hybrid in 2010 ( earlier post ) made Toyota the first manufacturer to offer a choice of three powertrains in the C-segment. This has been achieved within the new Auris gasoline engine range through the use of high, 11.5:1

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Gasoline Toyota Diesel Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2011

However, while Mazda plans to offer hybrid vehicles in the medium-term, its engineers are pushing hard to increase the efficiencies of both the gasoline and diesel platforms, moving toward what they call “the ideal Internal Combustion Engine.” Mazda’s roadmap to the ideal internal combustion engine. Click to enlarge.

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Mazda Engine Gasoline Diesel 322

Green Car Congress

MARCH 4, 2010

The chart shows heat release from a standard diesel combustion cycle (solid black line), overlaid with the heat release from a TSCi cycle (dashed blue line). Transonic’s testing on a mid-size vehicle on a chassis dynamometer resulted in EPA highway fuel economy of 64 mpg (3.7 As a comparison, the 2010 Prius delivers 51 mpg US (4.6

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Fuel Economy Fuel Economy Engine 297

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

As the world population increases by the estimated 30% from 2010 to 2040, ExxonMobil sees global GDP rising by about 140%, but energy demand by only about 35% due to greater efficiency. The OECD represents the developed economies. Click to enlarge. Outlook for Energy.

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Energy Global 2010 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

California can reduce carbon emissions by more than 70 million metric tons by 2030—akin to taking 15 million gasoline-powered cars off the road in one year—by adopting a higher target for its Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), according to an analysis released by the UK-based research firm Cerulogy.

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California Carbon Clean Cleaning 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2009

The third phase of a SDG&E multi-year in-use study on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles showed that plug-in hybrids offer significant improvements in gas mileage and reductions in emissions when compared with standard hybrid-electric and gasoline internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Earlier post.)

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Gasoline-Electric San Diego Gasoline PHEV 186