Gas, Global, Ozone and Universal

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Source: University of Leicester. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2016

They found that the increase in ozone burden due to the spatial distribution change slightly exceeds the combined influences of the increased emission magnitude and global methane. Based on their findings, they suggested that emission increases in Southeast, East and South Asia may be most important for the ozone change.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global North Carolina

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Preliminary global mean CO 2 concentrations in February 2014 were 398.06 Ozone formation. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. It would be many decades before it would slow down global warming at all, and even then it would just be making a difference around the edges. Methane is an especially potent greenhouse gas.

Coal

Coal Climate Gas Global

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2020

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. This gas has very few industrial applications. —co-author Dr Matt Rigby.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone India 2017

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass). —Schnell et al. Seasons and times of day. Schnell et al.

Conversion

Conversion Jordan Ozone Coal

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2010

This new global emission estimate is startling. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. It is produced via a microbial process called denitrification, which converts nitrogen to nitrous oxide and an inert gas called dinitrogen.

New Hampshire

New Hampshire Global Climate Change Ozone

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Benjamin Felzer, Lehigh University.

Ozone

Ozone Water CO2 MIT

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2010

Led by the tiny Pacific island of the Federated States of Micronesia, a growing group of low-lying islands and other vulnerable countries are calling for fast action on the approximately 50% of global warming that is caused by pollutants other than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The next round of UN climate negotiations begins in Cancun today.

Micronesia

Micronesia Pollution Ozone Global

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2017

in collaboration with scientists at the University of York’s Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI); University of Colorado; and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, assessed 30 studies of vehicle emissions under real-world driving conditions in 11 major vehicle markets representing 80% of new diesel vehicle sales in 2015.

Diesel

Diesel International Emissions Ozone

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The process involves swirling the gas with air as part of the power generation process. The localized NO concentrations in non-premixed flames were shown to depend on the local ?

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. Jacobson at Stanford University. Mark Jacobson. degrees Celsius (4.5

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

The University of Bremen is the scientific base of the international project known as EMeRGe (Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales). Chou, as well as the National Taiwan University, especially Po-Hsiung Lin. HALO in-hangar in Taiwan. —Joohn Burrows.

Emissions

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. 2 in 2020, before declining by approximately 26% by 2050, despite continued growth of fully fluorinated greenhouse gas emissions. years of CO 2 emissions at current levels.

Climate

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT

US and UK researchers report direct measurement of key atmospheric reactant; more rapid formation of secondary aerosols

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

Now, researchers from Sandia National Laboratory’s Combustion Research Facility, the University of Manchester and the University of Bristol report in a paper in Science the first direct kinetics measurements made of reactions of any gas-phase Criegee intermediate, in this case formaldehyde oxide (CH 2 OO). —Welz et al.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? cancel the launch.

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2012

Tom Sharkey, chairperson of the Michigan State University biochemistry and molecular biology department, believes isoprene, a gas given off by plants to help them cope with rapid increases in temperature that can occur in sunlight. His team also has created models to measure how much isoprene plants release on a global scale.

Ozone

Ozone Production Michigan Automobile

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The competitiveness impacts of transition are expected to be minor and, because transition is already underway in the major US and EU markets, this transition cannot be avoided regardless of China’s decision-making if Chinese manufacturers wish to compete globally. These older systems used chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-12) as the refrigerant gas.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Earlier post.).

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2009

In testimony for the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) public hearing ( earlier post ) on the proposed endangerment finding for greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act ( earlier post ), Stanford Professor Mark Jacobson urged the EPA to include black carbon in the finding. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.).

Carbon

Carbon EPA Pollution Ozone

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

GW = global warming; Eut. eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

The Bakken Formation, a shale oil and gas field in North Dakota and Montana, is emitting roughly 2% (about 250,000 tons per year) of the globe’s ethane, according to new study led by researchers at the University of Michigan. And they’re sufficient to explain much of the global shift in ethane concentrations. Click to enlarge.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

Thus, the researchers concluded, switching from PFI to GDI vehicles will likely lead to a reduction in net global warming. Recent studies have compared emissions of PFI and GDI vehicles, including particle number and mass, gaseous pollutants, and nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) composition for a limited number of compounds.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The bill also establishes an interagency council to ensure an integrated federal response to adapting to the effects of global warming. The bill also modifies the Clean Air Act to require the development of greenhouse gas emissions standards for all other mobile sources—e.g., trucks, construction machines, ships and planes.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

Study Concludes that Rocket Launches May Need Regulation to Prevent Ozone Depletion

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

Low-input cultivation of perennial plants, e.g. from short-rotation forestry and grasslands, may be an effective source of cellulosic biomass and provide environmental benefits (reduced pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions). However very few studies include water use impacts. Ravindranath et al. Nitrogen effects: N 2 O and run-off.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year. Rapid expansion of the ethanol industry is creating global supply/demand issues. 40 CFR § 80.27 Pursuant to 40 CFR § 80.27(a)(2): 40 CFR § 80.27(d)

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Researchers Determine Process Through Which Hydrocarbon Compounds Emitted by Trees Form Aerosols, With Impact on Human Health and Climate

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2009

Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. Global isoprene emissions from plants are estimated at more than 500 teragrams each year. The latest finding can support the development of better models of global gas-aerosol chemistry.

Climate

Climate New Zealand Denmark 2009

Here’s How We Could Brighten Clouds to Cool the Earth

Cars That Think

SEPTEMBER 7, 2021

Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming. not a replacement for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which is imperative. Solar climate intervention is.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Solar Mariner

Study of Vapor Pressures of Gasoline-Alcohol Blends Finds That Dual-Alcohol Blends Can Result in RVPs Identical to That of Gasoline

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2010

A research team from Ford Motor Company and the University of Copenhagen has performed a systematic study of the vapor pressures of single and dual-blends of different alcohols with potential to be used as biofuels, including methanol; ethanol; 1- and 2-propanol; and 1-, 2-, i -, and t -butanol. Gasoline standards in the US and globally.

Alcohol Blend

Alcohol Blend Gasoline Ozone Fuel

EV Driven

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Study finds pollution emitted near equator has biggest impact on global ozone

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Northwestern/Princeton study explores air quality impacts of aggressive conversion to EVs

Study finds global rivers and streams emitting 3x IPCC estimates of the GHG N2O

Study Finds Ozone, Nitrogen Change the Way Rising CO2 Affects Earths Water

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Low-lying and other vulnerable countries calling for fast action on non-CO2 global warming pollutants

New international study finds lab testing of diesel NOx emissions underestimates real-world levels by up to 50%

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

HALO research aircraft measuring the emissions of megacities in EmeRGe project

Study finds warming caused by synthetic greenhouse gases could outweigh climate benefits from phasing down CFCs

US and UK researchers report direct measurement of key atmospheric reactant; more rapid formation of secondary aerosols

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

MSU team developing bio-isoprene for synthetic rubber production

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Stanford Professor Urges EPA to Include Black Carbon in Endangerment Finding

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Study Concludes that Rocket Launches May Need Regulation to Prevent Ozone Depletion

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Researchers Determine Process Through Which Hydrocarbon Compounds Emitted by Trees Form Aerosols, With Impact on Human Health and Climate

Here’s How We Could Brighten Clouds to Cool the Earth

Study of Vapor Pressures of Gasoline-Alcohol Blends Finds That Dual-Alcohol Blends Can Result in RVPs Identical to That of Gasoline

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