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University of Kentucky chemist receives NSF grant to study atmospheric reactions of pollution

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The $461,000-project, titled “Heterogeneous Aging Mechanisms of Combustion and Biomass Burning Emissions,” will focus on how gases, such as ozone, react with pollutants emitted from power plants and forest fires. Guzman and his students will study how these pollutants are transformed on surfaces by oxidizing atmospheric gases.

Kentucky 207
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Study provides insight into mechanism of atmospheric new particle formation in polluted cities

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de novo rather than as direct emissions—via nucleation and growth is a major source of aerosol pollution in terms of number concentration. In spite of a great deal of research, it is still a puzzle why and how such new particule formation (NPF) occurs in a highly polluted urban atmosphere. —Yao et al.

Pollution 186
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Study finds pollution strengthens thunderclouds, warming the atmosphere

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Pollution warms the atmosphere through summer thunderstorm clouds, according to a computational study by a team of researchers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the University of Maryland published in Geophysical Research Letters. —Fan et al. —Jiwen Fan.

Pollution 218
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6PPD-quinone derived from tire debris is toxic to two trout species, not just coho salmon

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Every time it rains, fish living downstream of storm drains are exposed to pollutants, including the tire-derived compound 6PPD-quinone, in the runoff. Previous studies reported that exposure to small amounts of 6PPD-quinone (median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of. The LC 50 s in brook trout (24 h) and rainbow trout (72 h) were 0.59

Ozone 370
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Discovery of mechanism for atmospheric particle formation suggests need for ammonia emission regulations

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The open-access study , published in Nature , reveals an unexpected volatile reaction between nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and ammonia, synergistically creating new particles at a rapid rate. After learning about the former study, Mingyi Wang, a Ph.D. Ammonia is convected upward during events like the Asian monsoon.

Emissions 186
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Study finds paved surfaces in Houston worsen air quality

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New research by a team from the US, China and Japan focusing on the Houston, Texas area suggests that widespread urban development alters weather patterns in a way that can make it easier for pollutants to accumulate during warm summer weather instead of being blown out to sea. ““The very existence of the Houston area favors stagnation.”

Houston 247
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CPT, TU Wien study finds 48V mild diesel hybrid cuts engine-out NOx 9%, 4.5% fuel economy improvement

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A joint study by Controlled Power Technologies (CPT) and Austria’s Technische Universität Wien (TU Wien) into 48V diesel mild hybrid technology verified a 9% reduction of NO x in raw engine-out emissions, while retaining the fuel economy and CO 2 benefits of diesel engine technology. —Paul Bloore.