Emissions, Miles, Ozone and Resource

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. Now it’s looking like other emissions sectors are becoming important. That wasn’t really possible before.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?3

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours. The results are less clear in Dallas and Houston.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2018

Improvements in air quality and public health in the US coincided with increased federal air quality regulations, and have taken place despite increases in population, energy and electricity use, and vehicle miles traveled between 1990 and 2010. We’ve invested a lot of resources as a society to clean up our air. Units are deaths year

Pollution

Pollution 2010 Ozone North Carolina

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 CH 4 emissions represented 8.8%

2007

2007 2011 EPA Gas

ARB posts discussion draft of new proposed mobile-source emissions reduction strategy through 2030; Advanced Clean Cars 2 regulation

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has published a discussion draft of a. proposed strategy for further regulation and reduction of mobile source—cars, trucks, and off-road equipment—emissions. Vision 2.0 Vision 2.0 Projected statewide light duty vehicle technology mix. Click to enlarge. Passenger vehicles.

Clean

Clean Cleaning Emissions Cleaner

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). Since the BEV version has a shorter range, Renault noted, the way in which the miles are accumulated could differ from that of the ICE vehicles.). Emission standard. emissions). emissions).

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

California ARB Expands Assistance Program for Truckers to Reduce Diesel Emissions

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2010

The California Air Resources Board approved changes to an existing $28 million financial assistance program this week that will significantly help more California independent truckers qualify for the purchase of a cleaner-running vehicle. VIP is part of the state’s overall plan to cut toxic diesel emissions 85 percent by 2020.

California

California Diesel Emissions Cleaner

California ARB releases final version of proposed update to Climate Change Scoping Plan; LEV IV

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released. The AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. The draft version was released in February. Earlier post.).

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate California Ozone

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60% Credit: ACS, Tessum et al. Click to enlarge. —Tessum et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Illustration of light-duty vehicle sales share by emission certification level projected to be required to meet. The California Air Resources Board (ARB) is developing a proposal for more stringent emission requirements—i.e., Super Ultra Low-Emission Vehicle (SULEV). proposed NMOG+NO x standards in new LEV III.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet California Vehicles

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

Widespread adoption of electric transportation, including electrification in the off-road sector, could lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and could modestly improve air quality, according to a new analysis released by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

EPRI

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. NO x emissions would drop by 52%.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Transportation DC

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

The California Air Resources Board released the draft proposed first update to the AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. The Air Resources Board is required to update the Scoping Plan every five years. Transportation.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions California Ozone

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. database) from another global inventory for the year 1996.

Climate

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change

Research shows clean fuel-use for ships off California coast extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

Data collected during a major 2010 state-federal atmospheric research project show that the first-in-the-nation regulation requiring ocean-going vessels to use clean fuel when near the California coast has been extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution from ships, according to the California Air Resources Board (ARB).

Pollution

Pollution California Clean Cleaning

Study Finds Traveling by Car Increases Global Temperatures More than Traveling by Plane In the Long Term

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2010

Temperature change per transport work by mode for various years after the emissions: per passenger kilometer for passenger travel (left) and per ton-kilometer for freight transport (right). Passenger trains and buses cause four to five times less impact than automobile travel for every mile a passenger travels. Bars represent 1 SD.

Global

Global Climate Change Climate 2000

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The Partnership aims to “ accelerate the introduction of advanced truck and bus technologies that use less fuel, have greater fuel diversity, operate more safely, are more reliable, meet future emissions standards, and are cost effective.” The 21CTP was formed in 2001 to reduce fuel usage and emissions in trucks of Classes 3 through 8.

MPG

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

Those vertical movements provide a pathway for black carbon, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants to ascend into the stratosphere, about 20-25 miles above the Earth’s surface. This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer.

Pollution

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone

Portable sensors enable monitoring of pollution on smart phones; inferring pollution maps with greater granularity

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2012

A view of the inside of the CitiSense sensor: the three cylindrical components detect ozone, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide. The CitiSense sensors detect ozone, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide, the most common pollutants emitted by cars and trucks. million residents, 4,000 square miles, and only about 10 stations.

Pollution

Pollution San Diego Ozone 2012

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

Study finds paved surfaces in Houston worsen air quality

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2011

Houston, with a mix of petrochemical facilities, sprawling suburbs, and traffic jams that stretch for miles, has some of the highest levels of ground-level ozone and other air pollutants in the United States. The nighttime temperatures over the city would be lower and winds would become stronger, blowing the pollution out to the Gulf.

Houston

Houston Pollution Wind 2000

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. Two percent might not sound like a lot, but the emissions we observed in this single region are 10 to 100 times larger than reported in inventories.

Global

Global Ozone Emissions North Dakota

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

However, since the cost of the hydrous ethanol is significantly lower, hydrous ethanol will provide a lower cost per mile travelled, assuming the processing cost savings is passed on to the consumer. The water contained in hydrous ethanol blends also reduces NO x emissions. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

California issues draft plan for more efficient, less polluting freight system

Green Car Congress

MAY 3, 2016

Deploy more than 100,000 zero-emission vehicles/equipment and maximize near-zero by 2020. The Executive Order directs the state agencies to pursue a shared vision to “ improve freight efficiency, transition to zero-emission technologies and increase the competitiveness of California’s freight system.

California

California Pollution Concept Transportation

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

It assessed three currently manufactured Li-ion battery technologies for EVs and two for a PHEV with a 40-mile all-electric range: lithium-manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 ); lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (LiNi 0.4 O 2 , Li-NCM); and lithium-iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ). Sensitivity analysis. times smaller in terms of capacity.

Li-ion

Li-ion PHEV Batteries Battery

Lifecycle study finds that environmental impacts of silicon-anode Li-ion battery could be roughly comparable with conventional Li-ion battery

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2014

The researchers characterized nanowastes and nanoparticle emissions from the SiNW synthesis. kg), and an average driving distance of 200,000 km (124,000 miles) during a 10-year service life. The study is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Each LIB cell had a 3.65-V V voltage and 27-Ah capacity.

Li-ion

Li-ion Batteries Battery Milwaukee

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

The committee that wrote the report focused on monetizing the damage of major air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and particulate matter—on human health, grain crops and timber yields, buildings, and recreation. cents per mile traveled—and it is important to be cautious in interpreting small differences, the report says.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

Study finds climate impact of long distance trip can vary by factor of 10 depending upon mode, efficiency and occupancy

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2013

A team from Austria and Norway has found that the climate impact from a long-distance trip (500–1,000 km, or 310–621 miles) can easily vary by a factor of 10 per passenger depending on mode choice, vehicle efficiency, and occupancy. They then compared these results with results accounting only for CO 2 emissions.

Climate

Climate Diesel Emissions Climate Change

EV Driven

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Study finds US air pollution deaths nearly halved between 1990 and 2010

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

ARB posts discussion draft of new proposed mobile-source emissions reduction strategy through 2030; Advanced Clean Cars 2 regulation

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

California ARB Expands Assistance Program for Truckers to Reduce Diesel Emissions

California ARB releases final version of proposed update to Climate Change Scoping Plan; LEV IV

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

EPRI-NRDC report finds widespread vehicle electrification and a cleaner grid could lead to substantial cuts in GHG by 2050

EPA Proposes Transport Rule to Cut Pollution from Power Plants in 31 States and DC; New Approach for Pollution Reduction

Calif. ARB releases GHG scoping plan update; more ZEVs, “LEV IV”, MD and HD regulations; ZEV for trucks; more LCFS

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

Research shows clean fuel-use for ships off California coast extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution

Study Finds Traveling by Car Increases Global Temperatures More than Traveling by Plane In the Long Term

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Study Finds Asian Monsoon Carries Pollution Into the Stratosphere

Portable sensors enable monitoring of pollution on smart phones; inferring pollution maps with greater granularity

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Study finds paved surfaces in Houston worsen air quality

Study identifies Bakken Formation alone as responsible for ~2% of global ethane emissions

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

California issues draft plan for more efficient, less polluting freight system

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Lifecycle study finds that environmental impacts of silicon-anode Li-ion battery could be roughly comparable with conventional Li-ion battery

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Study finds climate impact of long distance trip can vary by factor of 10 depending upon mode, efficiency and occupancy

Stay Connected