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MIT, Scripps study examines behavior of midwater sediment plumes from deep-sea nodule mining

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In April, the BMW Group, WWF and other companies—including the Volvo Group—undertook, as a precautionary measure, not to use deep-ocean minerals or finance deep-sea mining until comprehensive scientific research into the impact of deep-sea mining can be conducted and the consequences for the environment are clearly assessed.

MIT 397
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MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

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Now, MIT engineers are proposing using an ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that could result in an approximately 95% reduction in NO x emissions in exchange for a ~0.5% The trend towards smaller engine cores with smaller mass flow rates in the core stream, presents new opportunities for emissions control.

MIT 268
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Algorithm Uses Evolution To Design Robots

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To accomplish tasks, they need both a well-designed body and a “brain,” or controller. Engineers can use various simulations to improve a robot’s control and make it smarter. But there are few ways to optimize a robot’s design at the same time. Unless the designer is an algorithm. The same is true for robots.

Design 143
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MIT team finds aviation emissions’ impacts on air quality larger than on climate

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Researchers at MIT have determined that growth in aviation causes twice as much damage to air quality as to the climate. —lead researcher Dr Sebastian Eastham, from the Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment in MIT's Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

MIT 265
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MIT, Novogy team engineers microbes for competitive advantage in industrial fermentation; the ROBUST strategy

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Researchers at MIT and startup Novogy have engineered bacteria and yeast ( Escherichia coli , Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica ) used as producer microbes in biofuel production to use rare compounds as sources of nutrients. The researchers engineered E. Credit: AAAS, Shaw et al. Click to enlarge.

MIT 150
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MIT team develops new lane-change algorithm for autonomous cars

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Most existing lane-change algorithms for autonomous cars have one of two drawbacks: Either they rely on detailed statistical models of the driving environment, which are difficult to assemble and too complex to analyze on the fly; or they’re so simple that they can lead to impractically conservative decisions, such as never changing lanes at all.

MIT 186
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MIT team devises technique to observe hydrogen’s penetration in metal surfaces; understanding embrittlement

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Researchers at MIT have created a new technique that allows the observation of a metal surface during hydrogen penetration—the process that results in embrittlement of the metal. The basic design of this contained system could also be used in other kinds of vacuum-based instruments to detect other properties. It’s a unique setup.

MIT 207