Cost Of, Economy, Standards and Study

Assessment of US CAFE fuel economy standards finds big savings on fuel and emissions since inception

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2020

In one of the first comprehensive assessments of the fuel economy standards in the United States, researchers from Princeton University and the University of Tennessee found that, over their 40-year history, the standards helped reduce reliance on foreign oil producers, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and saved consumers money.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Standards Fuel

ORNL study quantifies fuel economy costs of common driver practices and vehicle alterations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have quantified the fuel economy effects of some common driver practices and vehicle accessories or alterations—including underinflated tires, open windows, and rooftop and hitch-mounted cargo. liter four-cylinder engine, also suffered as its fuel economy dipped 22% from 42.5

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Cost Of Fuel

MIT study finds fuel economy standards are 6-14 times less cost effective than fuel tax for reducing gasoline use

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 21, 2013

In a study published in the journal Energy Economics , MIT researchers have found that a fuel economy standard is at least six to fourteen times less cost effective than a fuel tax when targeting an identical reduction in cumulative gasoline use (20% by 2050). —Karplus et al.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy MIT Fuel Tax Economy

U Chicago study proposes market-based approach to fuel economy standards to deal with impacts of fuel price volatility

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2017

Volatile gasoline prices have caused some regulators and carmakers alike to question the cost and effectiveness of current fuel economy standards, with some arguing they are too stringent and others saying they should be even stronger. —Ryan Kellogg, summarizing his research. —Ryan Kellogg.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Chicago Economy Standards

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2016

Switching from the automotive standards to the trading scheme could save as much as €63 billion, says the study’s lead author Sergey Paltsev, deputy director at MIT’s Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change and senior research scientist at the MIT Energy Initiative. —Paltsev et al. —Sergey Paltsev.

Standards

Standards Emissions CO2 Europe

CMU study highlights lower-cost design path to fuel economy compliance: acceleration trade-off

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 7, 2017

A team at Carnegie Mellon University has found that engineering design modifications that compromise other performance attributes—specifically acceleration—offer a pathway to reduce the cost to automakers of compliance with fuel economy standards. —Whitefoot et al.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Design Fuel

H2morrow steel concludes feasibility study of blue hydrogen for steel mill; partners to continue cooperation

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2021

Norwegian-based broad energy company Equinor, gas transmission system operator OGE and steel producer thyssenkrupp Steel Europe have concluded their joint feasibility study started in October 2019 and will continue their cooperation on the topic going forward.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Climate Transportation Production

NREL study finds Class 8 hybrid trucks delivered 13.7% higher fuel economy than conventional diesels in comparable usage

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2012

Laboratory and in-use fuel economy comparison. higher fuel economy than the conventional tractors, resulting in a 12% reduction in fuel costs for the hybrids. higher fuel economy than the conventional tractors, resulting in a 12% reduction in fuel costs for the hybrids. Source: NREL. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Diesel Hybrid

U-M study finds current CAFE standards create profit incentive for larger vehicles

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2011

The current vehicle footprint-based Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards create a financial incentive for automakers to increase vehicle size, except under certain limited conditions of consumer preference for vehicle size, according to a study by University of Michigan researchers Kate Whitefoot and Steven Skerlos.

Standards

Standards Fuel Economy Vehicles Economy

Energy researchers: clean US hydrogen economy is within reach, but needs a game plan

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2021

However, they note, a clean US hydrogen economy will require a comprehensive strategy and a 10-year plan. The Hydrogen Earthshot is necessary to create a hydrogen economy, but it is not sufficient. An H 2 economy already exists, but it involves lots of greenhouse gas emissions. A clean H 2 economy does not exist today.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Economy Clean Cleaning

NREL study finds high-pressure hydrogen pipeline system could potentially make hydrogen cost-competitive with gasoline

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2020

A new study by a team at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) concludes that a high-pressure, scalable, intra-city hydrogen pipeline system could improve the economics and logistics of hydrogen delivery, making it potentially cost-competitive with gasoline. kg—approximately equivalent to a gasoline cost of $2.7/gal

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Gasoline Los Angeles Chad

ICCT: incremental technology can cut vehicle CO2 by half and increase fuel economy >60% through 2030 with ~5% increase in price

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2017

l/100 km) in 2016, the The ICCT team assessed increased consumer label fuel economy (as opposed to the regulatory test fuel economy) to 35 mpg (6.71 The resulting trajectory would reduce CO 2 emissions by half and increase fuel economy by more than 60% from 2016 through 2030. Starting from a baseline 26 mpg (9.04

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Price

U-M study: Induced driving miles could overwhelm potential energy-saving benefits of connected, self-driving cars

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2019

The benefits of connected, self-driving cars (CAVs) will likely induce vehicle owners to drive more, and those extra miles could partially or completely offset the potential energy-saving benefits that automation may provide, according to a new University of Michigan study. Their study is published in the journal Applied Energy.

Connect

Connect Connected Miles Energy

Study concludes US CAFE regulation can accelerate EV market penetration

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2017

In a new study, a team from the University of Central Florida and MIT has found that the US Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards is an effective policy solution that does increase the adoption of EVs, whether it is implemented alone or in conjunction with another policy such as government incentives. —Sen et al.

Market

Market Fuel Economy Standards 2016

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. times the cost of implementing a cap-and-trade program.

MIT

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change

CFA study shows better gas mileage standards offset cost of modern safety tech

Green Car Reports

MAY 10, 2018

In fact, gas savings have more than paid for safety improvements in modern cars, as well as for the technology needed to make the gains in fuel economy. Cars that get good gas mileage aren't unsafe.

Gas

Gas Cost Of Fuel Economy Standards

ICCT-ClimateWorks: well-designed vehicle standards and fuel feeds could reduce combined US, China and EU CO2 emissions by 1.3 Gt in 2030, boost economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2012

Vehicle efficiency improvements via effective standards and policies could reduce annual CO 2 e emissions from the US, China, and the EU by 1.3 Gt in 2030, largely due to the increased in vehicles in China, India, and other developing economies, the authors note. Gt at a savings of about $135 billion per year by 2030. Click to enlarge.

Standards

Standards Economy Emissions China

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

Plug-in hybrids dominate market penetration in 2025 under CAR scenario IV (62 mpg CAFE standard). Power and Associates to project the technology segmentation necessary to achieve anticipated fuel economy mandates in 2025. The 2010 NRC study, conducted under contract to. the 2008 model year fuel economy ratings.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards

IRENA sees renewable hydrogen at least cost-possible within decade

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2020

Hydrogen produced with renewable electricity could compete on costs with fossil fuel alternatives by 2030, according to a new report from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). A combination of falling costs for solar and wind power, improved performance as well as economies of scale for electrolyzers could make it possible.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Renewable Low Cost Green

MITEI releases report on 3-year study of future mobility; technological innovation, policies, and behavioral changes all needed; “car pride” an issue

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2019

The report is the culmination of MITEI’s three-year Mobility of the Future study, which is part of MIT’s Plan for Action on Climate Change. The study team has examined how these different dimensions will develop and interact, and the report offers possible pathways toward achieving a more sustainable personal transportation system.

Future

Future MIT Climate Change Alternative Fuels

U of Toronto study finds US electrification of LDV fleet not a silver bullet for tackling climate change in vehicle sector

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2020

A new study by researchers at the University of Toronto has found that current US policies are insufficient to remain within a sectoral CO 2 emission budget for light-duty vehicles that is consistent with preventing more than 2?°C C global warming. Current policies will create a mitigation gap of up to 19?GtCO —Milovanoff et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Fleet Climate Vehicles

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2015

issued its final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone to 70 parts per billion (ppb) from 75 ppb to protect public health. EPA examined nearly 2,300 studies in this review of the ozone standards including more than 1,000 new studies published since the last review of the standards in 2008.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards District of Columbia

Volkswagen Group opening up Modular Electric Toolkit (MEB) to third parties; seeking economies of scale

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2019

The purpose is to achieve a significant reduction in the cost of e-mobility through the widest possible deployment of the MEB and the associated economies of scale, thus enabling broad access to individual mobility to continue in future. The MEB is to establish itself as the standard for e-mobility.

Economy

Economy Electrical Electric Audi

Georgia Tech study suggests unlinking EVs from CAFE and coordinating with power sector for low-cost benefits

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2013

For the study, they define EVs as including both battery-electric (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV) vehicles. Only in the case of high EV market share and a high renewable electricity standard (RES) do EVs make a material contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, they found. Credit: ACS, Choi et al. Click to enlarge.

Low Cost

Low Cost Georgia Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric

Study Concludes That Improving Truck Fuel Economy Would Create More Than 120K New US Jobs by 2030

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

Strengthening the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty trucks could create as many as 124,000 jobs in the US by 2030, with all 50 states experiencing net job growth, according to a new report by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) and CALSTART. Improving the average fuel economy of these trucks by 3.7 per gallon fuel price.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Gasoline-Electric

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2015

The analysis used by federal agencies to set standards for fuel economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas emissions for new US light-duty vehicles from 2017 to 2025 was thorough and of high caliber overall, according to a new report from the National Research Council. only the MY 2017-2021 CAFE standards are final. Background.

Standards

Standards Fuel Economy Economy EPA

ORNL study finds best current use of natural gas for cars is efficient production of electricity for EVs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2014

However, they also noted, high PTW efficiencies and the moderate fuel economies of current compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) make them a viable option as well. The study investigated the the WTW energy and emissions from the use of natural gas in CNGVs with a range of CNGV fuel economy and natural gas compressor efficiency.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Fuel Economy PHEV

Study: natural gas heavy-duty trucking fleet could benefit economy, but has mixed environmental effects

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2015

Switching from diesel fuel to natural gas may hold advantages for the US heavy-duty trucking fleet, but more needs to be done to reach the full environmental benefits, according to a new white paper released by the Institute of Transportation Studies at the University of California, Davis, and Rice University. Economic and other findings.

Gas

Gas Fleet Economy Davis

Study for European Parliament assesses options for turning CO2 into methanol for use in transport

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2014

Carbon dioxide recycling in the methanol economy Source: Olah et al. The study evaluated costs and benefits from a life cycle perspective in order to compare various raw materials for producing methanol and in order to reflect the potential benefits of methanol obtained from CO 2. 2009, earlier post. Click to enlarge.

Transportation

Transportation CO2 Carbon Hydrogen

Study finds renewable natural gas could meet ~85% of current natural gas use in transport in California by 2020s; much higher volumes possible with right policies

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2016

In addition, RNG use could be much higher if the LCFS credits were combined with US federal RIN credits (Renewable Identification Number, part of the Renewable Fuels Standard, RFS), the study found. Adding in credits from the Federal Renewable Fuels Standard of $1.78 bcf/yr (≈ 750 million gasoline gallons). from dairy.

Gas

Gas Renewable California Transportation

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Earlier post.)

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

Consumer Federation of America Calls for LDV CAFE Standard of 60 MPG for 2025

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2010

A new economic analysis in an issue brief from the Consumer Federation of America (CFA) is recommending that the Obama Administration set a fleet-wide car and light truck fuel economy standard of 60 mpg (3.92 The Obama Administration will release a Notice of Intent for 2017-2025 light duty fuel economy standards on 30 September.

MPG

MPG Standards America Fuel Economy

EPA, NHTSA & ARB Draft TAR finds MY 2022-2025 LD fuel and GHG standards can be met largely with more efficient gasoline-powered cars

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2016

The US EPA, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and California Air Resources Board (ARB) have released the Draft Technical Assessment Report mid-term evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel economy standards for light-duty cars and trucks for model years (MY) 2022-2025.

EPA

EPA Standards Gasoline Fuel

UCLA–UC Berkeley paper outlines how CA can boost biofuel production to cut pollution and help the economy

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2015

Although zero emission vehicles are projected to make up a significant percentage of the California vehicle fleet by 2030, improvements in vehicle fuel economy due to new federal corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards will constitute some of the reductions.

Pollution

Pollution Economy Production Climate Change

CMU study finds driving conditions have “substantial” impact on benefits of electrified vehicles; policy implications

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2013

As a result, they suggested, vehicle window stickers, fuel economy standards, and life cycle studies using average lab-test vehicle efficiency estimates are incomplete. Their study is published in the journal Energy Policy. CV is the most sensitive to driving cycle, especially stop-and-go driving and traffic conditions.

Vehicles

Vehicles Plug-in PHEV Plug

Roland Berger study outlines integrated vehicle and fuels roadmap for further abating transport GHG emissions 2030+ at lowest societal cost

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

A new study by consultancy Roland Berger defines an integrated roadmap for European road transport decarbonization to 2030 and beyond; the current regulatory framework for vehicle emissions, carbon intensity of fuels and use of renewable fuels covers only up to 2020/2021. Roland Berger study. 34 Mton CO 2 e (WTW).

Transportation

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles

AAA: EV HVAC use in frigid temperatures causes substantial drop in range

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2019

AAA conducted primary research to understand the effects of ambient temperature on the range and equivalent fuel economy of five battery electric vehicles (BEVs) sold throughout the United States: the BMW i3, Chevrolet Bolt, Nissan LEAF, Tesla Model S 75D and the Volkswagen e-Golf. Evaluated ambient temperatures included 20°F, 75°F and 95°F.

Range

Range Fuel Economy Economy Green Cars

ASG life-cycle study finds aluminum Ford F-150 “Best Full-size Truck of 2015” from environmental and economic perspective

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2015

According to the latest annual life-cycle study from the Automotive Science Group ( ASG ), the all-new lightweight aluminum 2015 Ford F-150 leads the full-size light-duty truck competition in all environmental and economic performance areas; accordingly, ASG selected the F-150 as its Best Full-size Truck of 2015.

F-150

F-150 2015 Ford Colorado

CRC study finds some adverse results from use of mid-level ethanol blends in MY 2001-2009 engines; DOE and ethanol industry say study significantly flawed

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2012

In response, the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the Renewable Fuels Association charged that the study was fundamentally flawed. The study claims mechanical damage and suggests degraded engine performance, emissions and durability on conventional vehicles from the use of E15 or E20 fuel. We believe the study is significantly flawed.

2001

2001 2009 Engine Industrial

MIT study finds significant economic and environmental benefits from designing US LDVs to use higher octane gasoline (98 RON)

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In a companion study to an SAE paper presented in April ( earlier post ), researchers at MIT have quantified the net economic and CO 2 emissions benefit that could be obtained by utilizing 98 RON gasoline in light-duty vehicles, based on reasonable assumptions for possible refinery changes and the evolution of the LDV fleet. billion in 2040.

Gasoline

Gasoline MIT Design Emissions

More Doom & Gloom On Higher MPG Standards From Car Dealers

Green Car Reports

APRIL 17, 2012

It's not news that new, higher fuel-economy standards will raise the cost of future cars in real dollars. Now a new study, funded by the National Automobile Dealers Association (NADA), suggests that those increases will prevent up to 7 million buyers from affording new cars in 2025.

Dealers

Dealers Standards MPG Fuel Economy

Major study concludes achieving EU 2050 transport decarbonization goals will require portfolio of advanced powertrains; fuel cells, battery-electric and plug-in hybrids

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2010

The study focused on a portfolio of powertrains: BEVs, FCEVs, PHEVs and ICEs, taking into account significant advances in ICE technology between now and 2020. Over the next 40 years, the study found, no single powertrain satisfies all key criteria for economics, performance and the environment. Click to enlarge.

Plug-in

Plug-in PHEV Transportation Plug

CAR releases study on use of bio-based materials in automotive sector; potential for the Great Lakes Region

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2012

There is significant potential for the expansion of bio-based automotive parts and components manufacturing in the US Great Lakes region, according to a newly-released study conducted by the Center for Automotive Research (CAR), a nonprofit research organization based in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Challenges with bio-based plastics.

Polymer

Polymer Cars Automobile Standards

Study finds no alternative to widespread switching of direct fuel uses to electricity to meet 2050 California GHG targets; putting detail in climate wedges

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

Technically feasible levels of energy efficiency and decarbonized energy supply alone will not be sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, according to a detailed modeling of the California economy performed by a team from Energy and Environmental Economics, the Monterey. Laboratory. Williams et al.

Climate

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric

Assessment of US CAFE fuel economy standards finds big savings on fuel and emissions since inception

ORNL study quantifies fuel economy costs of common driver practices and vehicle alterations

MIT study finds fuel economy standards are 6-14 times less cost effective than fuel tax for reducing gasoline use

U Chicago study proposes market-based approach to fuel economy standards to deal with impacts of fuel price volatility

Study finds CO2 emissions trading more effective path to automotive CO2 reduction in Europe than tailpipe standards

CMU study highlights lower-cost design path to fuel economy compliance: acceleration trade-off

H2morrow steel concludes feasibility study of blue hydrogen for steel mill; partners to continue cooperation

NREL study finds Class 8 hybrid trucks delivered 13.7% higher fuel economy than conventional diesels in comparable usage

U-M study finds current CAFE standards create profit incentive for larger vehicles

Energy researchers: clean US hydrogen economy is within reach, but needs a game plan

NREL study finds high-pressure hydrogen pipeline system could potentially make hydrogen cost-competitive with gasoline

ICCT: incremental technology can cut vehicle CO2 by half and increase fuel economy >60% through 2030 with ~5% increase in price

U-M study: Induced driving miles could overwhelm potential energy-saving benefits of connected, self-driving cars

Study concludes US CAFE regulation can accelerate EV market penetration

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

CFA study shows better gas mileage standards offset cost of modern safety tech

ICCT-ClimateWorks: well-designed vehicle standards and fuel feeds could reduce combined US, China and EU CO2 emissions by 1.3 Gt in 2030, boost economy

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

IRENA sees renewable hydrogen at least cost-possible within decade

MITEI releases report on 3-year study of future mobility; technological innovation, policies, and behavioral changes all needed; “car pride” an issue

U of Toronto study finds US electrification of LDV fleet not a silver bullet for tackling climate change in vehicle sector

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Volkswagen Group opening up Modular Electric Toolkit (MEB) to third parties; seeking economies of scale

Georgia Tech study suggests unlinking EVs from CAFE and coordinating with power sector for low-cost benefits

Study Concludes That Improving Truck Fuel Economy Would Create More Than 120K New US Jobs by 2030

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

ORNL study finds best current use of natural gas for cars is efficient production of electricity for EVs

Study: natural gas heavy-duty trucking fleet could benefit economy, but has mixed environmental effects

Study for European Parliament assesses options for turning CO2 into methanol for use in transport

Study finds renewable natural gas could meet ~85% of current natural gas use in transport in California by 2020s; much higher volumes possible with right policies

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Consumer Federation of America Calls for LDV CAFE Standard of 60 MPG for 2025

EPA, NHTSA & ARB Draft TAR finds MY 2022-2025 LD fuel and GHG standards can be met largely with more efficient gasoline-powered cars

UCLA–UC Berkeley paper outlines how CA can boost biofuel production to cut pollution and help the economy

CMU study finds driving conditions have “substantial” impact on benefits of electrified vehicles; policy implications

Roland Berger study outlines integrated vehicle and fuels roadmap for further abating transport GHG emissions 2030+ at lowest societal cost

AAA: EV HVAC use in frigid temperatures causes substantial drop in range

ASG life-cycle study finds aluminum Ford F-150 “Best Full-size Truck of 2015” from environmental and economic perspective

CRC study finds some adverse results from use of mid-level ethanol blends in MY 2001-2009 engines; DOE and ethanol industry say study significantly flawed

MIT study finds significant economic and environmental benefits from designing US LDVs to use higher octane gasoline (98 RON)

More Doom & Gloom On Higher MPG Standards From Car Dealers

Major study concludes achieving EU 2050 transport decarbonization goals will require portfolio of advanced powertrains; fuel cells, battery-electric and plug-in hybrids

CAR releases study on use of bio-based materials in automotive sector; potential for the Great Lakes Region

Study finds no alternative to widespread switching of direct fuel uses to electricity to meet 2050 California GHG targets; putting detail in climate wedges

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