Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2015

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed an innovative hydrogen-producing photoelectrochemical cell (PEC), using solar-driven biomass conversion as the anode reaction. Examples include the reduction of water to give H 2 and the reduction of CO 2 to give carbon-based fuels such as methanol and methane.

Conversion 150

Conversion Solar Hydrogen Water 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2011

The traces are for solar cells of 7.7% Researchers led by MIT professor Daniel Nocera have produced an “artificial leaf”—a solar water-splitting cell producing hydrogen and oxygen that operates in near-neutral pH conditions, both with and without connecting wires. solar-to-fuels systems. illumination.

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MIT Water Solar Hydrogen 278

Cars That Think

AUGUST 3, 2022

A glimmer of hope, however, comes from solar fuels. For the first time, scientists and engineers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich have reported a successful demonstration of an integrated fuel production plant for solar kerosene. Finally, the syngas is processed to kerosene in the gas-to-liquid unit.

Solar 102

Solar Fuel Water Carbon 102

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2020

The work, presented in a paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), offers a unique, highly efficient, and inexpensive route for solar fuels synthesis. The solar-powered catalyst is made from abundant materials and works in a configuration that could be mass-produced. 1 under air mass 1.5 —Zhou et al.

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CO2 Carbon Solar Hydrogen 349

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2013

Politécnica de Valencia (Spain) have found that noble metal nanoparticles supported on titanium dioxide or cerium dioxide can catalyze the industrially important water gas shift (WGS) reaction for hydrogen production at ambient temperatures using visible light irradiation. Researchers at the Univ.

Water 186

Water Gas Production Conversion 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2017

A team at Osaka University in Japan has developed a new material based on gold and black phosphorus to harvest a broader spectrum of sunlight for water-splitting to produce hydrogen. The three-part composite maximizes both absorbing light and its efficiency for water splitting. More recently, with adjustable band gap from 0.3

Light 170

Light Solar Hydrogen Water 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2023

The Pilot Plant has undergone validation testing and begun Phase One operation, the results from which demonstrate highly selective, high-yield direct lithium extraction from brine and high water efficiency. A small amount of water is used to wash the SuperLig 285 column. Complete recycling of process water. Water is conserved.

Li-ion 243

Li-ion Water Sodium Chile 243

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2017

Instead of using H 2 , direct conversion of CO 2 with CH 4 (dry reforming of methane, DRM) to liquid fuels and chemicals (e.g. Moreover, it is a cheap carbon source which can increase the atom utilization of CO 2 hydrogenation due to the stoichiometric ratio of C and O atoms, as well as reducing the formation of water. …

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Conversion Fuel CO2 Gas 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2009

Dr. Stuart Licht ( earlier post ) at George Washington University is developing a solar-driven process that, he says, could efficiently replace current industrial processes for the production of certain energetic molecules such as hydrogen, metals and chlorine, which are responsible for a large component of anthropogenic CO 2. Licht, 2009.

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Solar Conversion CO2 2009 258

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2013

CO can then be reacted with H 2 O via the water?gas Storage of solar and other sources of renewable electricity may be enabled by the catalytic production of fuels such as H 2 or reduced carbon-containing compounds via the electro-chemical reduction of H 2 O or CO 2 , respectively. Tropsch methods. —DiMeglio and Joel Rosenthal.

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Conversion Renewable CO2 Energy 247

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2015

A team from Bauhaus Luftfahrt in Germany has analyzed the climate impact and economic performance of solar thermochemical jet fuel production. Schematic of solar thermochemical fuel production path. A solar tower or dish concentration system can deliver the required level of radiative flux. kg CO 2 ‐equiv /L. Click to enlarge.

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Solar Fuel Renewable Production 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 28, 2009

The US Department of Energy will invest up to $366 million to establish and operate three new Energy Innovation Hubs focused on accelerating research and development in three key energy areas, one of which is developing an effective solar energy to chemical fuel conversion system—i.e.,

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Solar Fuel Energy Water 299

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2014

Synthetic fuel production from fuel-combustion-based energy and CO 2 (top) and from atmospheric CO 2 using solar electricity (bottom). That solar fuels offer the promise of solar energy storage—a key challenge in a world predominantly relying on renewables. Credit: ACS, van der Giesen et al. Click to enlarge.

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Fuel Energy Solar CO2 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. SRI’s approach makes it economical to use carbon-neutral electricity, such as nuclear, hydro, or solar as a source of additional energy. Bottom: SRI process.

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Coal Water Transportation Fuel 257

Baua Electric

MAY 10, 2024

Leveraging biomass presents a potential avenue to contribute to the global objective of achieving a carbon-neutral human society. While solar and wind provide carbon-free electricity or H 2 through water splitting, they lack the ability to directly produce carbon-based fuels and chemicals without additional carbon sources.

Fuel 52

Fuel Auto Oil Conversion 52

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2017

The system operates under visible light, is stable beyond six days and is even able to reform unprocessed lignocellulose, such as wood and paper, under solar irradiation at room temperature, presenting an inexpensive route to drive aqueous proton reduction to H 2 through waste biomass oxidation. Wakerley et al. Click to enlarge.

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Light Solar Conversion Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2010

Schematic representation and operating principles of the lithium–water electrochemical cell used for hydrogen generation: (1) external circuit and (2) inside of lithium–water electrochemical cell. the high-school chemistry demonstration of the violent reaction between sodium and water.). sea water) by using sunlight.

Water 186

Water Lithium Ion Li-ion Hydrogen 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2010

The new catalyst is applied in a hybrid photocatalytic-electrolysis system that uses the photocatalytic reaction converting solar energy to lower the electrolysis voltage required for the hydrogen production by water electrolysis. Potential diagram of various reaction mechanisms for hydrogen production via water decomposition.

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Hydrogen Hybrid Production Solar 259

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2015

Currently, renewable hydrogen may be produced from water by electrolysis with either low efficiency alkaline electrolyzers that suffer 50–65% losses, or by more efficient acidic electrolyzers using expensive rare platinum group metal catalysts (Pt). 2 , equivalent to ~10% solar photoelectrical conversion efficiency. 100 mA cm ?2

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Hydrogen Conversion Water Solar 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2018

converting solar energy to fuel energy using visible-light-absorbing semiconductor materials. The finding opens new doors for designing materials for artificial photosynthesis and solar energy research. Scientists in Japan have shown that an oxyfluoride is capable of visible light-driven photocatalysis—i.e., Pb 2 Ti 2 O 5.4

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Japan Light Solar Hydrogen 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Geely’s CRI investment and work with renewable methanol is similar to the approach Audi is taking with its own e-fuels projects—producing very low carbon liquid or gaseous fuels using only renewable energy, water and CO 2. Earlier post.). Earlier post.) Methanol in China.

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Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2014

A team at George Washington University led by Stuart Licht has developed a relatively efficient electrochemical process for the production of ammonia from water and nitrogen, without the need for an independent hydrogenation step (and thus the associated carbon-intensive steam reforming of methane as the hydrogen source). —Licht et al.

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Ni-Li Production Hydrogen Water 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2010

Researchers at Columbia University’s Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, in collaboration with Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, DTU, are investigating the high-temperature co-electrolysis of CO 2 and H 2 O using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) to produce a syngas for conversion into liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

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Fuel CO2 Production Conversion 255

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2014

Progress continued in several key areas, including electrolysis, photoelectrochemical (PEC), biological, and solar-thermochemical hydrogen production. Distributed production options under development include reforming of bio-derived renewable liquids and electrolysis of water. L/L-reactor/day hydrogen production rate, a 12.5%

Hydrogen 225

Hydrogen Renewable Carbon Production 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2016

Researchers from George Washington University and Vanderbilt University have demonstrated the conversion of atmospheric CO 2 into carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as high-performance anodes in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Earlier post.) —Licht et al.

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Li-ion Carbon Convert Sodium 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2012

Ultrathin Light Absorbers for Solar Cells. One way to lower the cost of solar power is to dramatically reduce the thickness of light-absorbing layers in solar cells. The proposed concept could dramatically reduce solar cell manufacturing costs, according to the researchers. Splitting Water at High Temperatures.

Energy 239

Energy Vehicles Power Powered 239

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

Researchers at the State Key Lab of Matrix Composites at Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China have described a new design strategy to produce an “Artificial Inorganic Leaf” (AIL), which could lead to working prototypes that capture solar energy and use it efficiently to change water into hydrogen fuel. Credit: Tongxiang Fan.

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Design Hydrogen San Francisco Production 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 22, 2022

At this year’s Africa Aerospace & Defence (AAD) expo at AFB Waterkloof in Centurion, Rheinmetall AG is presenting turnkey, mobile modular solutions for producing, storing and transporting CO 2 -free hydrogen. The concept is based on electrolysis; electricity necessary for this is produced with solar panels.

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South Africa Africa Store Hydrogen 259

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

The proposal calls for what’s known as “solar geoengineering”: cooling the planet by deflecting sunlight that would otherwise strike the planet. Little is known about how, or whether, solar geoengineering might work and how the particles would react and move in the stratosphere.

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Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate 122

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2014

The report’s authors presented four policy options: (1) market-driven approach; (2) regulatory push for carbon capture and utilization; (3) “methanol islands”; and (4) scenario-driven transition strategies. —Methanol report. The second issue is enabling consumers to make informed choices.

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Transportation CO2 Carbon Hydrogen 244

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2011

high overpotentials are needed to convert CO 2 because the first step in CO 2 conversion is the formation of a. “CO formation is very negative in water and in most common solvents. The ionic liquid electrolyte stabilizes the intermediates in the reaction so that less electricity is needed to complete the conversion. Thorson, W.

Fuel 186

Fuel CO2 Conversion Carbon 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2023

Researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and their Canadian partners have designed a low-cost photoreactor design for solar-driven synthesis. Until now, however, the technology has mainly been found in the laboratory because the costs of producing solar hydrogen were simply too high. Kant et al.

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Low Cost Kits Solar Design 221

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2016

Researchers at Stanford University, with colleagues in China, have developed a tandem solar cell consisting of an approximately 700-nm-thick nanoporous Mo-doped bismuth vanadate (BiVO 4 ) (Mo:BiVO 4 ) layer on an engineered Si nanocone substrate. The nanocone/Mo:BiVO 4 assembly is in turn combined with a solar cell made of perovskite.

Solar 150

Solar Water Hydrogen Light 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2015

The hydrogen from electrolysis and CO 2 , delivered by a pipeline, are fed to a plant where the gases are converted in a reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reactor to syngas (H 2 and CO). In contrast, wind and solar power generation follows natural conditions, with hourly, daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations. —König et al.

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Power Powered Hydrogen Renewable 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2013

Renewable generation technologies, such as solar and wind, pose a fundamental challenge to centralized power generation due to variability and intermittency, ARPA-E noted. Examples could include conversion of methane or another hydrocarbon fuel to syngas, methanol, benzene, ethers, olefins, or other organics. Earlier post.).

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Fuel Power Powered Gas-Electric 231

Electric Auto Association

JANUARY 5, 2023

Electric Auto Association Silicon Valley (EAASV), established in 1967 as the original Electric Auto (now Vehicle) Association, has a long history of attracting members and presenting speakers who have gone on to become tech and transportation luminaries. That was quite a conversion.” After that, the word spread fast.” It’s very cool."

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EV1 San Jose California Motorcycles 52

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2010

Pyrolysis bio-oils are produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in the absence of oxygen at more than 500 °C; fast pyrolysis of biomass is much less expensive than biomass conversion technologies based on gasification or fermentation processes. Credit: Science , Vispute et al. Click to enlarge.

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Oil Convert Hydrogen Fuel 225