Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2022

A new study from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) has found that although liquid-hydrogen- (LH 2 )-combustion aircraft do not perform as well as their jet fuel counterparts, they can still play an important role in meeting aviation’s 2050 climate goals. Mukhopadhaya and Rutherford (2022).

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Climate Power Powered Hydrogen 370

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2022

Our research partnership with RBC will enable us to conduct a more in-depth analysis of EV costs in comparison with internal combustion engine vehicles by considering vehicle type, user behavior, and where the vehicle is purchased and operated. Gregory Keoleian, Director of the Center for Sustainable Systems at the University of Michigan.

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Michigan Gas-Electric Gas Batteries 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2021

A study by researchers at CU Boulder and Edinburgh Napier University finds that high-density, low-rise environments such as those found in Paris are the optimal urban form when looking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions over their whole life cycle. There is a growing belief that building taller and denser is better. —Jay Arehart.

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Emissions Environment New York City New York 476

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2021

Now, a study by researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE) Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) has found that energy sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) behaves more like miscanthus in the way it efficiently captures light and uses water to produce abundant biomass. Energy sorghum falls somewhere in between.

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Energy Water Illinois Carbon 321

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2021

This figure is comparable to sooty contamination from forest fires and building demolition, the study authors said. By comparison, aboveground air concentrations for all measured cities averaged just 16 ?g/m g/m 3 ), followed by the MTA New York at 251 ?g/m Washington had the next highest levels at 145 ?g/m

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New York Philadelphia New Jersey New York City 418

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2021

a leader in propulsion efficiency, announced at SAE International’s WCX the results of their collaborative study on the effectiveness of Tula’s diesel Dynamic Skip Fire (dDSF) in reducing nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions on a Cummins X15 HD Efficiency Series diesel engine. Cummins Inc. Earlier post.).

Diesel 370

Diesel CO2 Emissions Engine 370

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2023

Hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (H 2 -DRI) is an alternative pathway for low-carbon steel production. In this study, break-even levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) targets for decarbonizing the steel industry with H 2 -DRI are established by comparing H 2 -DRI to the commercial natural gas-based direct reduced iron (NG-DRI) process.

Green 355

Green Hydrogen Gas-Electric Gas 355

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2020

The study compares the results to the use of low-sulfur marine fuels and is made from a well-to-wake perspective in order to achieve an accurate comparison. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the climate impacts of different options to reduce sulfur emissions. —Jasper Faber, Project Manager at CE Delft.

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Climate Mariner Fuel Emissions 243

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2019

Driven by rising natural gas and oil consumption, levels of CO 2 are expected to hit 37 billion metric tons this year, according to new estimates from the Global Carbon Project (GCP), an initiative led by Stanford University scientist Rob Jackson. and China account for more than half of all carbon dioxide emissions globally.

Carbon 195

Carbon Global Emissions Climate Change 195

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

A study by a team from North Carolina State University, with colleagues from the Urban Air Initiative and 3DATX Corporation, has shown that non-FFVs (flexible-fuel vehicles) can adapt to a mid-level ethanol blend—specifically E27. The study was commissioned by the Urban Air Initiative. — Yuan et al. Weichang Yuan, H.

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Vehicles Emissions North Carolina Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2018

A team at Imperial College London has examined the relative costs of carbon mitigation from a lifecycle perspective for 12 different hydrogen production techniques using fossil fuels, nuclear energy and renewable sources. An open-access paper on their work is published the RSC journal Energy & Environmental Science. Parkinson et al.

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Cost Of Carbon Production Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2012

The first real-world, head-to-head comparison of improved cookstoves (ICs) and traditional mud stoves has found that some ICs may at times emit more of the black carbon particles that are linked to serious health and environmental concerns than traditional mud stoves or open-cook fires. —Kar et al.

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Pollution Carbon San Diego Los Angeles 231

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2018

Identical total annual emissions of sulfate and black carbon aerosol from eight major past, present, and potential future emitting regions (a) result in global-mean cooling spanning a 14x range (b, y-axis), differing substantially in the degree to which that cooling is felt in the emitting region (b, x-axis). This work is part of a larger $1.5-million

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Climate Pollution San Diego India 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2020

—Rick Mihelic, Director of Emerging Technologies and Study Team Manager, NACFE. Battery electric trucks should be the baseline for hydrogen fuel cells electric vehicle (HFCEV) comparisons, rather than any internal combustion engine alternative. Stop comparisons of fill times.

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Hydrogen Fuel Fleet Davis 482

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2019

The researchers started by analyzing the economics of hydrogen-, nitrogen-, and carbon-based fuels made by carbon-neutral pathways in a post-fossil world in which only water, air, and renewable electricity are available for fuel synthesis. Source-to-tank cost comparison of carbon-neutral transportation fuels. Zhao et al.

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Delaware Fuel Hydrogen Vehicles 370

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2012

Researchers at the University of Alberta (Canada) have quantified the transformation of the boreal landscape by open-pit oil sands mining in Alberta, Canada to evaluate its effect on carbon storage and sequestration. million metric tons of stored carbon. Converting from units of carbon to CO 2 equivalents, this is between 41.8

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Oil-Sands Oil Carbon Conversion 270

Green Car Congress

MARCH 28, 2022

The study combined various radiation scattering techniques: X-ray analyses were made in Uppsala, Sweden and neutron results came from a large research facility, the Institut Laue Langevin, in Grenoble, France. Results indicate that precipitates grow mostly in number, not in size, and that the structure of the carbon matrix is not affected.

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Lithium Sulfur Batteries Battery Li-ion 195

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.) is shown with both UK and French grid mixes.

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Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2011

Billions of tons of carbon trapped in high-latitude permafrost may be released into the atmosphere by the end of this century as the Earth’s climate changes, further accelerating global warming, a new computer modeling study indicates. Units are in grams of carbon per square meter per year. Click to enlarge.

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Climate Change Climate Carbon United Kingdom 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 24, 2016

A paper by a team from the University of Chicago and MIT suggests that technology-driven cost reductions in fossil fuels will lead to the continued use of fossil fuels—oil, gas, and coal—unless governments pass new taxes on carbon emissions. We need both a policy like a carbon tax and to put more R&D money into renewables.

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Chicago MIT Tax Carbon 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

For the study, the researchers benchmarked 27 scenarios against a 50% petroleum-reduction target and an 80% GHG-reduction target. The study estimated national fuel and emissions impacts from increasing reliance on electrified light-duty transportation, and the resulting implications for advanced biofuels. —Meier et al.

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Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2017

a straight drop-in of renewable diesel for conventional sulfur-free diesel), other studies and trials have shown that using renewable diesel results in: 33% lower levels of fine particulates (and a smaller number of particulates in general); 9% less NO x ; 30% less HC; 24% lower CO; and. On a non-optimized basis (i.e.,

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel Emissions Engine 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

A new black carbon (BC) emissions inventory from China found BC emissions levels in 2007 of 1,957 Gg BC—higher than reported in earlier studies. Black carbon is released into the atmosphere via incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuel and is of major concern because of the impact on climate systems. Click to enlarge.

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2007 Carbon China Emissions 271

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2014

A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al. Platt et al. Click to enlarge.

Pollution 362

Pollution Exhaust Emissions Light 362

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2010

They found that, on a life cycle basis in comparison to gasoline, the direct to ethanol technology can provide a 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint on an energy equivalent basis for initial ethanol concentrations (given in weight percent) ranging from 0.5% MJ/MJEtOH down to 0.20 g CO 2 e/MJEtOH down to 12.3 wt % to 5 wt %.

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Carbon Gasoline Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 246

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

The Rice study by environmental engineer Daniel Cohan and alumnus Shayak Sengupta compared the net greenhouse gas-emission savings that could be realized by replacing other fuels in vehicles, furnaces and power plants. However, residential uses and exports of natural gas were not considered in those comparisons.

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Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

previous studies have followed the general framework of life cycle assessment (LCA), they have focused almost exclusively on quantifying the energy balance and GHG emissions associated with biofuels production. —Yang et al. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

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Exhaust Diesel Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2013

Cutting the amount of short-lived, climate-warming emissions such as soot and methane won’t limit global warming as much as previous studies have suggested, according to a new study from the Joint Global Change Research Institute in College Park, Md., Carbon dioxide can remain for 1,000-plus years. —Smith and Mizrahi.

Climate 199

Climate Pollution Carbon Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2019

If successful, this could allow storage of renewable electricity through electrochemical or enzymatic fixation of carbon dioxide and subsequent storage as carbon-based energy storage molecules including hydrocarbons and non-volatile polymers at high efficiency.

Energy Storage 274

Energy Storage Engine Energy Polymer 274

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2022

In a recent simulation study reported in Porsche Engineering Magazine , Porsche Engineering examined the potential of hydrogen combustion engines. We have therefore developed a hydrogen combustion engine that aims to match the power and torque of current high-performance gasoline engines as a concept study.

Porsche 284

Porsche Hydrogen Gasoline-Electric Exhaust 284

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Qiang Dai and Christian Lastoskie found that BEVs and FCVs in particular offer significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, especially if carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies are implemented at the fuel conversion facilities. Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … Credit: ACS, Dai and Lastoskie.

Gas 218

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2015

Stanford University scientists have created a new ultrahigh surface area three-dimensional porous graphitic carbon material that significantly boosts the performance of energy-storage technologies. The maximum surface area achieved with conventional activated carbon is about 3,000 m 2 g –1. cm –3 ), and hierarchical pore architecture.

Energy Storage 150

Energy Storage Carbon Lithium Sulfur Energy 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 26, 2020

The results of the study are published in the journal Nanoscale. According to the comparison with the most popular materials as an electrode for methanol oxidation, the new solution has one of the best performance values and the highest resistance to carbon monoxide poisoning that usually causes the degradation of electrodes.

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Fuel Turkey Austria Switzerland 418

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2019

A new study analyzing data from the 29 states and District of Columbia with mandatory RPS policies finds that the policies come at a high cost to consumers and are inefficient in reducing carbon emissions. The paper estimates that this increased renewable generation reduced the carbon intensity (i.e.,

Renewable 207

Renewable Price District of Columbia Chicago 207

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. Credit: Cappa et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 261

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston 261

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2014

Comparison plot showing mass fractions (F m ) of chemically characterized components of lubricating oils and POA. Motor vehicles are major sources of organic carbon emissions, with implications for human health and air quality, especially in urban areas. Credit: ACS, Worton et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.) Earlier post.)

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Oil Gasoline Diesel Vehicles 207