Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO 2 e.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2012

Researchers at the University of Alberta (Canada) have quantified the transformation of the boreal landscape by open-pit oil sands mining in Alberta, Canada to evaluate its effect on carbon storage and sequestration. million metric tons of stored carbon. Converting from units of carbon to CO 2 equivalents, this is between 41.8

Oil-Sands 270

Oil-Sands Oil Carbon Conversion 270

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2022

Heavy-duty diesel vehicles using mixing controlled compression ignition (MCCI), the most common ignition and combustion strategies for heavy-duty diesel engines, contribute significantly to the emissions of GHG, oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), and particular matter (PM) and are subject to stringent emission standards. GLE and $0.9/GLE.

Waste 434

Waste Diesel Renewable Convert 434

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

BC emission map of China at 0.1° × 0.1° Major emission areas are marked. A new black carbon (BC) emissions inventory from China found BC emissions levels in 2007 of 1,957 Gg BC—higher than reported in earlier studies. for year 2007. Credit: ACS, Wang et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Click to enlarge.

2007 271

2007 Carbon China Emissions 271

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2020

Direct Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Oceanwater (DOC); $2.0 Direct Removal of Carbon Dioxide from Ambient Air (DAC); $2.0 In some cases, DOC can be advantageous relative to other emissions mitigation and negative emissions strategies. Mining Incinerated Disposal Ash Streams (MIDAS); $4.04 million; 1-5 awards.

Energy 332

Energy Waste Carbon Emissions 332

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2015

In a new, comprehensive study, a team from Argonne National Laboratory, Stanford University and UC Davis ITS has estimated the well-to-wheels (WTW) GHG emissions of US production of gasoline and diesel sourced from Canadian oil sands. g CO 2 e/MJ for US conventional crude oil recovery. This range can be compared to ∼4.4

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Gasoline Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2020

North Dakota-based Red Trail Energy (RTE), which since 2007 has operated an ethanol production facility with annual production of about 60 million gallons per year, is proposing sequestration of CO 2 produced from starch fermentation to lower the overall carbon intensity of the fuel for the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS).

North Dakota 210

North Dakota Carbon South Dakota Montana 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2022

For comparison: This is more than five times the total electricity consumption of Germany. As nearly all is based on fossil fuels, mainly bunker oil, the shipping sector emits about 1,000 million tons of CO 2 per year, about 13% of the greenhouse gas emissions from global transport.

Energy 370

Energy Denmark Gas-Electric Fuel 370

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2017

Notwithstanding that oil demand has increased for over 150 years, it will eventually stop increasing. If oil demand were to reach an actual peak, then the top might be easier to predict. EIA data shows that 35 countries in all have already reached and descended from maximum oil demand. by Dwayne Purvis for Oilprice.com.

Oil 250

Oil Saudi Arabia 2007 Supplies 250

Baua Electric

MARCH 15, 2024

In a bid to capitalise on the government’s push for ethanol as one of the alternatives to fossil fuels, India’s largest fuel retailer Indian Oil Corp opened the country’s first ethanol pump in Delhi. India is the world’s third-largest consumer of crude oil, and imports more than 85% of its crude oil requirements.

Oil 52

Oil Available Fuel Petrol 52

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). WTW emissions for pathways vary by more than ±10% (e.g.,

Oil-Sands 287

Oil-Sands Oil Gas-Electric Emissions 287

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2014

Comparison plot showing mass fractions (F m ) of chemically characterized components of lubricating oils and POA. Motor vehicles are major sources of organic carbon emissions, with implications for human health and air quality, especially in urban areas. Credit: ACS, Worton et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.)

Oil 207

Oil Gasoline Diesel Vehicles 207

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2015

A team at the University of Calgary (Canada) has compared the energy intensities and lifecycle GHG emissions of unconventional oils (oil sands and oil shale) alongside shale gas, coal, lignite, wood and conventional oil and gas. This is not the same as crude oil occurring naturally in shales, as in the Bakken.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Energy Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 24, 2016

A paper by a team from the University of Chicago and MIT suggests that technology-driven cost reductions in fossil fuels will lead to the continued use of fossil fuels—oil, gas, and coal—unless governments pass new taxes on carbon emissions. for oil, 24% for coal, and 20% for natural gas.

Chicago 150

Chicago MIT Tax Carbon 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

A plot from the TIAX study of the ranges of well-to-wheel emissions for different types of crudes in different refinery areas in the US for gasoline production. The two studies represent the first detailed and more granular comparison of domestic, imported and oil sands crude processes in US refineries. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Range 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2010

A comparison of estimates of the energy return on investment (EROI) at the wellhead for conventional crude oil, or for crude product prior to refining for oil shale. Oil shale” is shale containing kerogen, a combination of chemical compounds that can be converted into synthetic petroleum. Source: Cleveland and O’Connor.

Oil 199

Oil Cleveland Carbon Boston 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

Comparison of power loss and fuel consumption among BD, HVO and iso-HVO. On the emissions side, iso-HVO and HVO blended diesel emit less THC and CO than BD, even though iso-HVO blended diesel emits similar level of NO x and PM to blended BD. Differences of emissions and fuel efficiency among 10% blended fuels. Source: Kim et al.

Diesel 246

Diesel Oil Engine Fuel 246

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2009

GHG emissions for ATP shale (low and high cases) and conventional gasoline in grams of CO 2 e per MJ of final fuel delivered. These emissions are 1.5 times larger than emissions from conventionally produced gasoline. Mbbl of shale oil from 2.7 In each case, the ATP is applied to oil shales of the Green River formation.

Gasoline 239

Gasoline Oil Emissions Convert 239

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2017

Neste Renewable Diesel has already been shown to be able to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 90% on a full lifecycle basis compared to conventional fossil diesel. The emission measurements were carried out before the catalytic converter and diesel particulate filter (DPF). On a non-optimized basis (i.e.,

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel Emissions Engine 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

A new Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) study shows finds that oil from algae grown in outdoor raceway ponds located in the Gulf Coast, the Southeastern Seaboard and the Great Lakes could replace 17% of the United States’ imported oil for transportation. That’s 17% of the petroleum that the U.S.

Oil 281

Oil Water South Carolina Climate 281

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2016

Earlier this week, the European Commission published a strategy for low-emission mobility, which sets out guiding principles to Member States to prepare for the future. EU legislation currently refers to low-emission vehicles as vehicles having tailpipe emissions below 50 g/km. Moving towards zero-emission vehicles.

Emissions 150

Emissions Alternative Fuels Transportation Standards 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

Substituting biofuels for marginal fossil-based liquid fuels results in the avoidance of significant GHG emissions that are not currently accounted for in the European Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC), according to a new analysis by the consultancy Ecofys. Both effects increase the carbon footprint of conventional oil.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Oil 2014 Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

To reduce the variability in fuel use and exhaust emission rates related to variations in engine oil, engine oil was changed for each vehicle prior to the measurement using the first fuel. Second-by-second fuel use and emission rates were binned into Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) modes.

Vehicles 284

Vehicles Emissions North Carolina Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2021

In a joint publication, WFS and AVL conclude that the combined high efficiency and lower system costs relative to FCEVs make H 2 -HPDI the most capital efficient means to use hydrogen and lower CO 2 emissions near-term and that it has the potential to remain competitive with fully industrialized FCEV in the future. Source: Westport/AVL.

Fuel 221

Fuel Hydrogen Exhaust Emissions 221

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

The California Air Resources Board has issued Sustainable Oils Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Global Clean Energy Holdings, a feedstock-only pathway for the production of camelina-based fuels under the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). The feedstock-only CI (carbon intensity) is 7.58 gCO 2 e/MJ. gCO 2 e/MJ and 18.7

Fuel 150

Fuel Emissions California Oil 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2018

Mercedes-Benz has begun sales of two diesel models of the new GLE SUV which already comply with the coming Euro 6d emissions standard. l/100 km; combined CO 2 emissions: 199-184 g/km) and costs €76,100.50. l/100 km; combined CO 2 emissions: 198-184 g/km) is available from €69,496.

Diesel 326

Diesel Mercedes SUV Exhaust 326

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 253

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2016

Appelgate was able to take advantage of a newly-established reliable supply chain for another type of biodiesel, a hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) —purchased from Neste Oil Corporation: NEXBTL Renewable Diesel. Black carbon or soot counts were also slightly higher for biofuel.

Renewable 150

Renewable Diesel Emissions Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2012

Comparison of GHGenius, JACOBS, TIAX, and the new PRELIM gasoline greenhouse gas (GHG) estimates using base case estimates and variations from the scenario analysis. Given the magnitude of upstream emissions from the sector, they said, their findings have implications for both policy and mitigation of GHG emissions.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

Growth of production of Canadian oil sands. The Canadian oil sands are now poised to become the number one source of US crude oil imports in 2010, according to new research from the IHS CERA Canadian Oil Sands Dialogue. Also certain fields in the Gulf of Mexico and the Middle East have comparable GHG emissions. —“The

Oil-Sands 186

Oil-Sands Oil 2010 Production 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of the potential reduction in emissions with the application of lower sulfur 0.5% While that report projected vessel activity, it did not explore the environmental impacts of increased shipping in terms of air emissions or the potential climate impacts from increases in short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon.

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2019

Following conversation with industry experts SEALNG recently released an addendum to its Life Cycle GHG Emissions Study on the Use of LNG as Marine Fuel, commissioned in partnership with the Society for Gas as a Marine Fuel (SGMF) and conducted by independent consultancy thinkstep.

Mariner 150

Mariner Fuel Alternative Fuels Canada 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

million in Carbon Recycling International (CRI). CRI, founded in 2006 in Reykjavik, Iceland, is developing technology to produce renewable methanol from clean energy and recycled CO 2 emissions. Zhejiang Geely Holding Group (Geely Group) will invest a total of US$45.5 —Li Shufu, Chairman of Geely Group. Earlier post.).

Renewable 150

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2018

Emissions are usually higher in the production phase of electric cars, but these are more than offset by lower emissions in the use phase over time. However, as the carbon intensity of the EU energy mix is projected to decrease, the life-cycle emissions of a typical electric vehicle could be cut by at least 73% by 2050.

Climate 268

Climate Pollution Gasoline-Electric 2017 268

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

The US State Department has issued a Presidential Permit to Enbridge Energy, Limited Partnership to enable construction of the Alberta Clipper pipeline for the transport of crude oil from the Canadian oil sands to US refineries. This week, the RFA happened to issue two pieces, each touching on the impact of oil sands production.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil Wisconsin United States 220

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2013

Comparison of CSRV and conventional poppet valves. The CSRV System comprises only two moving shafts and does not utilize oil pressure fed bearings, or oil spray; no engine oil is present in the head of the CSRV Engine. This means the engine oil does not see the hottest parts of the engine—the exhaust poppet valves.

China 210

China Engine Oil Chinese 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2012

The goal of their study was to understand how alternative fuels affect the primary PM emissions, the semi-volatile nature of the these emissions, and the potential for the emissions to form secondary PM. A significant fraction of the organic emissions are low-volatility vapors.

Emissions 240

Emissions Engine Fuel Gas 240