Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2009

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will reconsider the 2008 primary and secondary ozone standards. In 2008, EPA established a new primary 8-hour standard for ozone of 0.075 parts per million (ppm), and a new secondary standard set at a form and level identical to the new primary standard. ppm standard, due to rounding.

Ozone 199

Ozone EPA Standards 2008 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2009

Exposure to ozone at levels currently deemed safe by the NAAQS clean air standards can have a significant and negative effect on lung function, according to researchers at the University of California, Davis. The previous primary and secondary standards were identical 8-hour standards, set at 0.08 Earlier post.).

Ozone 186

Ozone Standards Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2010

In a new study published online 10 March in the ACS journal Environmental Science and Technology , however, Stanford University professor Mark Jacobson finds that local CO 2 emissions in isolation may increase local ozone and particulate matter. Not all carbon dioxide emissions are equal. Jacobson, 2010. Mark Jacobson.

Ozone 218

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution CO2 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C °F) by 2050, as well as improving human health and agriculture.

Carbon 257

Carbon Ozone Emissions International 257

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

2010 engines emissions reduction relative to 2010, 2007, and 2004 US emission standards. The study, the Phase 2 Report of the comprehensive Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES). These reductions came while emissions of fine particles were also 92% lower than the 2010 standard 99% lower than 2004 emissions.

Diesel 296

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio 296

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) 2009) Click to enlarge. This reaction is not included in computer models used to predict air pollution levels and the effectiveness of ozone control strategies. Tags: Emissions. Raff et al. Raff et al.

Ozone 150

Ozone Pollution 2009 Coal 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2013

Details of each of the three cases are as follows: Chevron paid $205,000 for supplying more than 385,000 gallons of gasoline in violation of California reformulated gasoline regulations between mid-June 2009 and Aug. Dispensed from Chevron terminals in Sacramento and San Jose, the fuel did not contain adequate amounts of ethanol.

Chevron 230

Chevron California San Jose Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., 2013 found that the ratio of non-exhaust to exhaust particles is strongly increasing in the last two decades, due to exhaust emission reductions. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. earlier post ).

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2010

From 2005 through 2020, total US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are projected to rise by 4% under a “with measures” scenario (but without a cap-and-trade program and other complementary policies), from 7,109 Tg CO 2 Eq. The report projects that transportation-related CO 2 emissions will drop 1.5% to 7,416 Tg CO 2 Eq., 5,813 Tg CO 2 Eq.

Climate 199

Climate 2020 Emissions Climate Change 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2013

Despite a decline in emissions of the main air pollutants in Europe in the period 2002–2011, around 90% of city dwellers in the European Union (EU) are exposed to PM 2.5 Despite a decline in emissions of the main air pollutants in Europe in the period 2002–2011, around 90% of city dwellers in the European Union (EU) are exposed to PM 2.5

Pollution 223

Pollution 2002 Ozone 2011 223

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

The AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. Furthermore, commercially available technologies, such as fuel efficient passenger vehicle tires, can be utilized by both new and in-use vehicles in the near-term to achieve GHG emission reductions.

Climate Change 218

Climate Change Climate California Ozone 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2011

This year’s report finds that the majority of American cities most-polluted by ozone (smog) or year-round particle pollution (soot) have improved, showing continued progress in the cleanup of toxics under the requirements of the Clean Air Act. When ozone is inhaled, it irritates the lungs. 10 Most Ozone-Polluted Cities.

Los Angeles 220

Los Angeles Ozone Long Beach Fresno 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. 2009) Click to enlarge. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 150

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. The United States contributes about 8% of the global emissions of BC. emissions in 2005.

Congress 252

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2009

Global ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and HFC emissions (A), global CO 2 and HFC emissions (B), and ODS, HFC, and CO 2 global RF (C) for the period 2000–2050. 2009) Click to enlarge. basis) of projected global CO 2 emissions in business-as-usual scenarios by 2050. Velders et al. Velders et al.

Global 150

Global Ozone Micronesia Mauritius 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

2009), reproduced from Ramanathan and Feng (2008) Click to enlarge. Cutting HFCs, black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and methane can buy us about 40 years before we approach the dangerous threshold of 2°C warming. —co-author HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases originally developed as substitutes for ozone-depleting chemicals.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

In particular, the study led by Drew Shindell found that methane emissions have a larger warming impact due to those interactions than accounted for in current carbon-trading schemes or in the Kyoto Protocol. And hydroxyls drive long chains of reactions involving other common gases, including ozone. Shindell et al.

Climate Change 268

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution 268

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2009

Energy consumption and GHG emissions per PKT (passenger kilometer travelled). Chester and Horvath (2009). Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1 Chester and Horvath (2009).

Light 150

Light Emissions Energy Boston 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

The California Air Resources Board released the draft proposed first update to the AB 32 Scoping Plan, which guides development and implementation of California’s greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. California’s zero emission vehicle (ZEV) regulation is also driving a transformation of the fleet. Transportation.

Transportation 273

Transportation Emissions California Ozone 273

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

NOAA researchers on the ship Atlantis focused on various sources of emissions, air quality and meteorology along the California coast and in the San Francisco Bay. The 274-foot research vessel examined the composition of emissions from more than 70 passing ships over 24 days.

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

The study also shows that the proportion of gaseous aromatic compounds—apart from benzene—in hydrocarbon emissions is two to three times greater in pollution plumes in Paris than in Los Angeles, even though the total quantity of hydrocarbons emitted in Los Angeles remains considerably greater than in Paris. Sarda-Estève, J.

Los Angeles 225

Los Angeles Pollution Gasoline Engine 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2016

Between 2009 and 2013, transthoracic echocardiography including an evaluation of pulmonary pressure was conducted in 16,295 individuals and correlated with average air pollution in Brussels on the same day and in the last five and ten days. and ozone on pulmonary circulation on the same day and over five and ten days.

Pollution 150

Pollution 2016 Exhaust Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2010

Jackson said that EPA must follow up the progress it made in 2009 with a range of greenhouse gas reduction initiatives with ensuring compliance with the law. EPA will also expand energy conservation and efficiency programs and continue to develop solutions for reducing GHG emissions from large stationary sources like power plants.

EPA 170

EPA 2010 Climate Change Mercury 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

Results from CHIE studies are used to inform the periodic review of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for common pollutants, such as ozone and particulate matter (PM), and advise other policy decisions. 2009 to Oct. Out of the 845 intentional pollutant exposures conducted at EPA’s study facility from Jan.

Pollution 150

Pollution Ozone EPA San Francisco 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. A new climate modeling system, forecasting average temperatures over a decade by combining natural variation with the impacts of human-induced climate change, projects that at least half of the 10 years following 2009 will exceed the warmest year currently on record. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 259

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone 259

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer. Satellite records from 2004 to 2009 showed a pattern of increases in the chemical’s presence in the stratosphere each summer, correlating with the timing of the monsoon.

Pollution 246

Pollution Asia Indonesia Ozone 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2009

Using biodiesel in construction vehicles offers promising environmental benefits in terms of reduced tailpipe emissions as well as reductions in fuel cycle emissions of selected pollutants, according to a new study by researchers at North Carolina State University. Local urban tailpipe emissions are estimated to be: 24% lower for HC.

Pollution 150

Pollution Vehicles North Carolina Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The Partnership aims to “ accelerate the introduction of advanced truck and bus technologies that use less fuel, have greater fuel diversity, operate more safely, are more reliable, meet future emissions standards, and are cost effective.” The 21CTP was formed in 2001 to reduce fuel usage and emissions in trucks of Classes 3 through 8.

MPG 150

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2009

Comparison of annual N 2 O ODP-weighted emissions from the 1990s with emissions of other ODS in 1987 and in 2008. Even at the height of ODS emissions in the 1980s, annual anthropogenic N 2 O emissions were the fourth most significant. About one-third of global nitrous oxide emissions are from human activities.

Ozone 150

Ozone Emissions Climate 2009 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. An important analytical issue that needs to be addressed, the report notes, is the lack of lifecycle assessment studies focusing on a wider set of environmental impact indicators than greenhouse gas emissions.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water Emissions Oil 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2016

In a bid to clarify this, the researchers tracked the health outcomes up until the end of 2011 of more than 352,000 people newly diagnosed with lung cancer between 1988 and 2009, and whose details had been entered into the US California Cancer Registry. Their average age at diagnosis was 69. years, falling to 1.3

Pollution 150

Pollution 2016 Ozone California 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. Any Federal vehicle standards are to achieve at least the results of the California standards.

Climate 186

Climate Standards Carbon California 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2009

From: Geoengineering the Climate (2009) Click to enlarge. Unless emissions of carbon dioxide can be greatly reduced—i.e., It is essential that we strive to cut emissions now, but we must also face the very real possibility that we will fail. The cost was assessed as likely to be relatively low and the timescale of action short.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Price International 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

The US, Canada, and Mexico have submitted a proposal to strengthen climate protection under the Montreal Protocol— the international treaty that phases out the production of a number of substances responsible for ozone depletion. The proposal targets the production and use of HFCs, a group of “super” greenhouse gases. Source: IGSD.

Ozone 170

Ozone Micronesia Climate Protection Climate 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

Low-input cultivation of perennial plants, e.g. from short-rotation forestry and grasslands, may be an effective source of cellulosic biomass and provide environmental benefits (reduced pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions). However very few studies include water use impacts. This implies reaching agreement on of key parameters (e.g.

Conversion 150

Conversion Water Emissions 2009 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year. In February, 2009, the US EPA granted Renergie, Inc. The water contained in hydrous ethanol blends also reduces NO x emissions.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317