Emissions, Fuel, Ozone and Study

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. What is the contribution of NTP emissions to ambient PM in large, high traffic cities? The project will be executed as four integrated sub-studies.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. Locations and fuel types of rocket launches in 2019.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industrial Industry

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. The study was published in the journal Atmospheric Environment. This new study is based on a thorough review of a decade of research on aviation emissions.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2019

According to a study commissioned by the Washington, DC-based Propane Education & Research Council (PERC), NO x emissions measured from propane autogas school buses were substantially lower than those measured from diesel school buses. For the stop-and-go route, NO x emissions were 34 times higher for the diesel school bus.

West Virginia

West Virginia Diesel Emissions Virginia

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). The study used two fuels—an E10 and E15. SULEV30, ULEV50, ULEV70, and ULEV125).

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

Global levels of the hydrocarbons ethane and propane in the atmosphere have been underestimated by more than 50%, according to a new study by a team of scientists from Europe and the US. The study used data collected from 20 observatories world-wide. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study.

Emissions

Emissions Global Ozone 2011

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. The four-year study by chemist Franz M. 3 , respectively, being 2.7

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

Essam El-Hannouny, a principal mechanical engineer at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, won a Technology Commercialization Fund (TCF) Award from DOE to expand his research on how a renewable alcohol-based biofuel can serve as a dual fuel to help decarbonize locomotive engines. Image by Progress Rail.).

Carbon

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.

North America

North America Ozone Asia America

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

They found that reductions in ground ozone during this 35-year period resulted in $600 million in increased production annually by the early 2010s. Another difference is that some grains can be annually modified to withstand greater heat and even higher ozone levels in the air. An open-access paper on the work appears in Nature Food.

Ozone

Ozone Davis San Diego Pollution

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2015

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

New airborne measurements downwind from an Archer Daniels Midland fuel ethanol plant in Decatur, Illinois, show that ethanol emissions are 30 times higher than government baseline estimates. VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. That is where this study fits in.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2019

The processes that create ozone pollution in the summer can also trigger the formation of wintertime air pollution, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA, in partnership with the University of Utah. A key control strategy is to reduce emissions of the limiting reagent.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Utah Denver

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2015

issued its final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone to 70 parts per billion (ppb) from 75 ppb to protect public health. Ground-level ozone forms when nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the air. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards District of Columbia

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

Consumer products such as shampoo, cleaning products and paint now contribute as much to emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cities as tailpipe emissions from vehicles, according to a new study led by NOAA. Total VOC emission factors for end uses of petrochemical sources in the study. McDonald et al.

Pollution

Pollution Transportation Production Los Angeles

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have identified a way to reduce harmful NO emissions produced by ammonia fuel during combustion. The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities. Copyright : Taylor & Francis.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In our previous study, we found that MnO 2 can absorb not only SO 2 but also NO 2 simultaneously. Osaka et al. —Osaka et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Ozone Japan Diesel

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

FTP cycle-weighted tailpipe emissions of N 2 O, NO x , and the sum of NMOG and NO x. The minimum in NO x and NMOG emissions for midlevel ethanol blends points to future opportunities for emission reductions from FFVs. Credit: ACS, Hubbard et al. Click to enlarge. E40); and the new range for high-level ethanol blends (E55, E80).

Emissions

Emissions Ford Exhaust Engine

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2018

course, fine, ultrafine particles) and gaseous pollutants such as ozone, on vascular function. Here, we provide an updated overview of the impact of particulate and gaseous pollutants on endothelial function from human and animal studies. —Münzel et al. —Professor Jos Lelieveld.

Pollution

Pollution Insight Ozone Cleveland

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust. Under the engine operating conditions used, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant carbonyl compounds for both test fuels. Jakober, 2008).

Coal

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

A recent study by an international team calculated that shipping causes a net cooling of climate across all parametrizations of the indirect aerosol effect (IAE) and scenarios throughout the period 1900?2050. A recent study commissioned by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimated total emissions of 1046 Tg CO 2 yr ?1

Climate

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2019

Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.). —Joost de Gouw.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Clean Cleaning

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C Source: Shindell et al. Click to enlarge.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

A new study from UC Berkeley confirms what EV fans already know: EV adoption does, in fact, make the air cleaner. Perhaps even more importantly, the study offers some quantifiable, granular data about how much electric vehicles are impacting emission rates in the here and now, not in the foreseeable future.

San Francisco

San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

The entire life cycle of the passenger cars is taken into account, including the manufacture of the vehicles and the environmentally relevant emissions from driving. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Noise emissions [Person-Pascal/second]. Sample results from Carculator. Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ].

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault recently made public the findings of an internal study, published first in October 2011, detailing and comparing the lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of the battery-electric and two internal combustion engined versions (gasoline and diesel) of the Renault Fluence. Emission standard. Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (?

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

annual average), according to a major international study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% An additional 217,000 deaths were attributable to long-term ozone exposure.

2013

2013 Ozone Asia Africa

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of the potential reduction in emissions with the application of lower sulfur 0.5% fuel for Arctic vessels assuming a low-growth scenario. The study found the potential for 1,500–2,000 Bering Strait transits in 2025, a three- to four-fold increase from 440 transits in 2013 (based on the medium-growth scenario).

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

This lockstep movement illustrates a very tight correlation between fuel choice and nanoparticles in the air. The study is published in the journal Nature Communications. Geiger and Alberto Salvo, an associate professor of economics at the National University of Singapore, led the study—their second with São Paulo big data.

Gasoline

Gasoline Singapore Brazil Ozone

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

2010 engines emissions reduction relative to 2010, 2007, and 2004 US emission standards. The study, the Phase 2 Report of the comprehensive Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES). The study, the Phase 2 Report of the comprehensive Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES).

Diesel

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

Air pollution could be causing double the number of excess deaths a year in Europe than has been estimated previously, according to a study published in the European Heart Journal. They focused particularly on PM 2.5 Worldwide, they found that air pollution is responsible for 120 extra deaths per year per 100,000 of the population.

Pollution

Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. Extraction and transport of fossil fuel. for 2030 and beyond.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. It has been a challenge to determine how much each polluter contributes to the emission output. The majority of the emissions is caused by diesel cars. —Thomas Karl.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

Using Ozone-Generated Bubbles to Remove Oil Sheen and Contaminants from Water

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

A University of Utah engineer has developed an inexpensive new method to remove oil sheen by repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing ozone gas, creating microscopic bubbles that attack the oil so it can be removed by sand filters. The ozone in the bubble attacks certain pollutants because it is a strong oxidant.

Ozone

Ozone Water Oil-Sands Oil

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Blink Charging

SEPTEMBER 12, 2023

While it’s obvious that the internal combustion engine vehicles are polluting the air outside the buses, what you may not know is that numerous studies show that the pollution from the burning diesel regularly makes its way into the buses. The more vehicles that switch to running on electricity, the better.

Fleet

Fleet Pollution Diesel Ozone

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

Seasonal ethanol emissions from North America. Emissions for present-day are compared to those for the EISA and All-E85 scenarios. However, the significance of this effect will depend on the size of the emission change compared to that of the existing source fluxes, which are poorly known. Labels at left are months (e.g.,

North America

North America America Emissions Fuel

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Study finds propane school buses significantly decrease NOx emissions compared to diesel

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Argonne researcher using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel to lighten the carbon footprint of locomotives

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Study Links Springtime Ozone Increases Above Western North America to Emissions in Asia

UCI-led study finds California’s strict air quality regulations have helped farmers

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Study finds that current approach to limiting wintertime pollution may initially backfire

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Study: consumer products overtake transportation as largest source of VOCs air pollution in cities

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Study provides more insight into air pollution mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Study projects net cooling of climate from ship emissions through 2050

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

CU Boulder study: routine household activities generate air quality on par with major polluted city

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

UC Berkeley study confirms that yes, EVs do what they promise to do

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Study: air pollution causes 800,000 extra deaths a year in Europe and 8.8 million worldwide

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Using Ozone-Generated Bubbles to Remove Oil Sheen and Contaminants from Water

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Researchers report on potential long-range atmospheric emissions impacts of increased ethanol fuel use in North America

Stay Connected