Cleaner, Congress, Exhaust and Study

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Polish study links pollution and winter with rise in heart attack treatment

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2019

Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. The study enrolled 5,648 patients from unpolluted cities and 10,239 patients from polluted cities.

Pollution

Pollution Poland Congress Cleaner

CMU study finds SOA levels in cities like LA will remain high despite cleaner cars; nonlinear relationship between SOA and NOx

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2017

The findings of a study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, with colleagues at UC Berkeley, suggest that changing atmospheric NO x levels over the next two decades will likely significantly reduce the effectiveness of stricter new gasoline vehicle emissions standards in reducing concentrations of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).

Cleaner

Cleaner Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

Study finds that replacing older, highly polluting school buses could lead to 1.3 million fewer daily absences annually

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2023

million fewer daily absences annually, according to a University of Michigan study. The suspected cause of these preventable absences is exposure to high levels of diesel exhaust fumes, which can leak into school bus cabins or enter buses through open windows. The program is ongoing.

Pollution

Pollution Cleaner 2012 EPA

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2017

Diesel-powered commuter trains may expose their passengers to elevated levels of certain black carbon and ultrafine particles, especially in the coach directly behind the locomotive, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. A paper on the study is published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Power Powered

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. Earlier post.) —ACES report.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). Achakulwisut et al.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Study links exposure to PM2.5 exposure to brain atrophy, memory decline in older women

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2019

Women in their 70s and 80s who were exposed to higher levels of air pollution experienced greater declines in memory and more Alzheimer’s-like brain atrophy than their counterparts who breathed cleaner air, according to a new study by researchers at USC, Wake Forest School of Medicine, and their colleagues at other institutions.

Pollution

Pollution North Carolina Cleaner Exhaust

DLR: cleaner aircraft emissions reduce the climate impact of contrail cirrus

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2019

Fewer soot particles in the exhaust stream of aircraft reduces the formation of ice crystals and therefore the climate impact of the resulting contrail cirrus.

Climate

Climate Cleaner Emissions Alternative Fuels

Ricardo study finds retrofitted Euro III bus can emit less NOx than newer Euro V hybrid

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2014

Measurements by Ricardo found that an older Euro III bus retrofitted with a selective catalytic reduction and continuously regenerating particulate trap system can be cleaner in terms of lower NO x emissions than newer Euro V hybrid buses.

Hybrid

Hybrid Pollution Emissions Exhaust

Argonne VERIFI researchers applying GSA to investigate combustion engine parameters; seeking cleaner and more efficient engines

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2014

By gaining a better understanding of how these parameter uncertainties affect outcomes, the VERIFI researchers, along with colleagues at the University of Connecticut, are seeking to create cleaner and more efficient engines. However, this approach has been studied extensively and is advantageous from a computational point of view.

Cleaner

Cleaner Engine Connecticut Diesel

KCL study finds London air pollution from traffic improving, but continues to exceed limits in many parts of city

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

The study, published as an open-access paper in the journal Environmental Pollution , examined trends in air pollution over a ten-year period spanning 2005 to 2014, using data collected from 65 roads. Fitting new exhaust clean-up technology to older buses helped to curb nitrogen dioxide along some of London’s roads. Roadside PM 2.5

London

London Pollution Parts Exhaust

Study finds biodiesel use in HD trucks in Canada will result in very minimal changes in air quality and health benefits

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2013

An open-access paper on the study has been accepted for publication in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. However, the impact of these changes in HDDV exhaust emissions on ambient atmospheric pollutant concentrations and, more importantly, on human health outcomes across Canada have not been evaluated.

Canada

Canada 2006 Exhaust Pollution

Study finds highly-turbocharged alcohol-fueled DISI engines could be more efficient than diesels

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2010

Highly turbocharged alcohol-fueled direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines operated at a high compression ratio could be as or more efficient than diesel engines while also providing advantages of lower vehicle cost, lower emissions and higher power, according to a recent modeling study by Leslie Bromberg and Daniel Cohn at MIT.

Diesel

Diesel Engine Downsizing Fuel

Next Generation Ford EcoBoost to Offer Cooled EGR; Exploring More Advanced Turbocharging, Ethanol Options

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2010

The next generation of Ford’s EcoBoost turbocharged, direct-injection gasoline engines will introduce cooled EGR (exhaust gas recirculation), enabling higher compression ratios, according to Ford executives speaking at the SAE 2010 World Congress in Detroit. Alger et al. , SAE 2010-01-0353.

Ford

Ford Congress 2010 Gasoline

California ARB Report Finds Fine Particle Air Pollution Responsible for 9,000 Premature Deaths in State Each Year; Based on US EPA Peer-Reviewed Study

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2010

microns—less than a human hair which averages 70 microns in diameter—is the product of a variety of sources including particles in the exhaust of diesel engines. In 1998, ARB declared particles in diesel exhaust a Toxic Air Contaminant, a designation that required the Board to take measures to reduce the risk.

Pollution

Pollution EPA California Diesel

Model Fuels Consortium and Reaction Design developing predictive modeling software for soot particle size and number

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2011

The software will be used to develop cleaner-burning engines and potentially fuels in advance of impending regulations in the US and Europe, which call for limits on the size and number of soot particles emitted by passenger cars. This can shave days, weeks or months from a design cycle to get cleaner cars more quickly on the road.

Design

Design Fuel Cleaner San Diego

Modified SOFC anodes allow operation at lower temperatures with carbon-containing gases; potential for much more efficient and cleaner generation of electricity from coal

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2011

The resulting lower-temperature SOFCs could provide a cleaner, more efficient alternative to conventional power plants for generating electricity from coal reserves. Researchers must also study the potential impact of possible fuel contaminants on the new electrode. gasified coal—by eliminating the coking problem.

Coal

Coal Carbon Cleaner Water

California ARB petitions US EPA for “Tier 5” stricter locomotive emissions standards

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2017

The key technologies used to achieve these reductions in NO x and PM emissions are exhaust gas recirculation and improvements to the cooling system. Tier 4 locomotives are commercially available and are now being phased in.

EPA

EPA Standards Emissions California

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

The study was published online 24 May in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The study examined the fuel-cycle CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs in China in both current (2008) and future (2030) periods and compared them with those of conventional gasoline vehicles and gasoline hybrids. Credit: ACS, Huo et al.

Coal

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline China

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2022

A study of a 2017 Toyota Mirai fuel cell by Argonne National Laboratory found fuel cell stack efficiency below 50% and fuel cell system efficiency dropping below 40% at high loads. OP engines utilize direct injection after ports closure to avoid the risk of fuel short circuiting out the exhaust. Fuel Injection.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Engine Saudi Arabia Universal

Reaction Design to add advanced soot particle-size prediction capability to FORTÉ

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2012

Founded in 2005 by Reaction Design, the MFC is an industry-led project for the development of cleaner burning, higher-mileage vehicles. Soot formation occurs when fuels don’t fully combust, and recent studies show that soot particles smaller than 100 nanometers can be especially harmful to human health.

Design

Design Emissions Engine 2005

Mazdas new SKYACTIV gasoline and diesel engines are steps on the road to its Ideal Engine; focus on compression ratio

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2011

Mazda hosted Green Car Congress at a SKYACTIV Technologies media workshop this week in Vancouver, Canada, at which engineering management explained the development philosophy, approach and results for the initial set of SKYACTIV technologies. The resulting reduction in compression temperature inhibits knocking. liter MZR gasoline engine.

Mazda

Mazda Engine Gasoline Diesel

Neste and Boeing to partner on commercialization of renewable aviation fuels

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 5, 2015

Fuel quality, aircraft performance, engine status, and fuel storability were systematically studied during the flights by the pilots and cabin staff of the aircraft, as well as ground-based maintenance personnel. at the beginning of 2012.

Renewable

Renewable Commercial Fuel 2005

KAUST team develops computational model for simulating soot production in gasoline direct injection engines

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2017

Although today’s passenger vehicle engines are cleaner and more fuel efficient, GDI exhaust can still contain significant numbers of nanoscopic soot particles that are small enough to penetrate the lungs and bloodstream. This new computer model could help car makers improve their engines to cut soot formation.

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Production Fuel

Commercial Shipping Emits Almost Half As Much Particulate Pollution as Total Released by World’s Cars

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2009

Globally, commercial ships emit almost half as much particulate matter pollutants into the air as the total amount released by the world’s cars, according to a new study led by NOAA and the University of Colorado at Boulder. As a result, some ships use “cleaner,” low-sulfur fuels, while others continue to use the high-sulfur counterparts.

Pollution

Pollution Commercial Exhaust Cleaner

Auburn University leads $2M DOE Co-Optima project to evaluate renewable butyl acetate as diesel fuel additive

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2018

Auburn University researchers are leading a $2-million US Department of Energy Co-Optima project ( earlier post ) that will evaluate renewable butyl acetate (BA) as a bio-based fuel additive that can be blended with diesel fuel to reduce soot and greenhouse gas emissions and yield cleaner engine operation in cold-weather conditions.

Universal

Universal Diesel Renewable Fuel

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Available technology such as diesel particulate filters for vehicles and cleaner- burning biomass and solar cookstoves can significantly reduce black carbon emissions. A recent study reported that ozone’s damage to crop yields in 2000 resulted in an economic loss of $14-26 billion annually.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Small-displacement two-stroke H2 engine could address performance and emissions cost-effectively for recreational market; potential for Asian motor vehicle fleet

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2012

This is due to raw, externally premixed fresh charge comprising air, fuel and lube oil being short-circuited into the exhaust during the scavenging process. Even with the move to four-stroke engines, additional complexity will be necessary—possibly exhaust after-treatment—in order to fully meet regulations.

Engine

Engine Emissions Fleet Market

Researchers use LCLS to get real-time view of chemical reaction; important insight into how catalysts work

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

The study revealed surprising details of a short-lived early state in the chemical reaction, offering important clues about how catalysts work and launching a new era in probing surface chemistry as it happens. Catalytic converters in cars, for example, reduce emissions by converting exhaust to less toxic compounds.

Insight

Insight Universal Denmark Convert

Dearman and Hubbard Products form technology partnership for zero-emission transport refrigeration

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2015

Dearman, the developer of the liquid air Dearman Engine—an innovative heat engine that uses liquid air (or liquid nitrogen) as a “fuel” and emits cold air as exhaust( earlier post )—has formed a technology partnership with Hubbard Products, Europe’s leading designer, manufacturer and supplier of commercial cooling equipment.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions Production Pollution

NYSERDA awards $4.6M to 17 transportation projects; support for Syracuse U supercritical diesel injection project

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2011

The investments will support demonstration projects, new product development and feasibility studies. Stony Brook University seeks to improve vehicle fuel economy with a thermoelectric generator that would capture energy previously lost through heat exhaust. million for the projects comes from statutory funds ($3.1

Diesel

Diesel Transportation New York Pollution

European Clean Sky JTI Issues Second Call for Proposals; 8.4M for 24 Topics

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2009

Contribution to the study of the air intake and exhaust integration into a tiltrotor nacelle. Depending on the nature of the participant, the funding will be between 50% and 75% of the Topic maximum budget indicated. funding €1.5 Actuation mechanism development and supply for 2D wind tunnel and specimen bench testing.

Clean

Clean Cleaning Green 2009

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

A 2010 National Academy of Science (NAS) study cited by GNA found that a 3-5% fuel consumption reduction is possible through the integration of improved accessories, sensors, and controls. All totaled, engine heat accounts for 26% of the fuel consumed, and exhaust heat accounts for another 24%. Advanced After Treatment.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

Scuderi Group Will Present Results from Split-Cycle Prototype Testing at IAA

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2009

Scuderi introduced the proof-of-concept prototype for its Scuderi Split-Cycle Engine ( earlier post ) at the SAE World Congress in Detroit in April. By firing after top-dead center, it produces efficient, cleaner combustion with one cylinder and compressed air in the other. Earlier post.).

Congress

Congress Cleaner Detroit Gasoline

CCFA counters Paris mayor’s proposed total diesel ban with suggestion to focus on legacy fleet

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2014

Until recently, the Times also observed, policy makers in Europe, including France, “ were extolling diesel cars as cleaner and more fuel efficient compared with gas-guzzling vehicles, emitting less carbon dioxide per kilometer. —CCFA. Earlier post.) Earlier post.). Earlier post.). —Franco et al. Diesel Emissions Europe Policy'

Diesel

Diesel Fleet Pollution Europe

First Firing for the Scuderi Split-Cycle Engine

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2009

The Scuderi Group had unveiled a cutaway model of the first proof-of-concept prototype for the engine at the SAE World Congress in Detroit in April. By firing after top-dead center, it produces highly efficient, cleaner combustion with one cylinder and compressed air in the other. Earlier post.).

Engine

Engine Congress Gasoline Cleaner

IIT team explores combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of HCNG blends in spark ignition engine

Green Car Congress

MARCH 28, 2016

A new study by a team from the Engine Research Laboratory at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur explores the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a prototype spark ignition engine operating with different blend ratios of HCNG (hydrogen and compressed natural gas blends). Their paper is published in the journal Fuel.

Emissions

Emissions Engine Hydrogen Gas

FEV analysis of automotive-scale Pinnacle opposed-piston engine finds potential for significant increases in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2013

The goal of the studies was make a preliminary assessment of Pinnacle Engines suitability for automotive applications based on the work-to-date on the small single-cylinder engines. The fuel economy study, using GT Power, encompassed both a naturally aspirated 1.5-liter, less than with the exhaust cam also phased. Fuel economy.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Engine Downsizing

Scuderi Group Unveils Cutaway Model of First Production Prototype of Split Cycle Engine

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2009

The Scuderi Group unveiled a cutaway model of the first proof-of-concept prototype for its Scuderi Split-Cycle Engine ( earlier post ) at the SAE World Congress in Detroit. By firing after top-dead center (TDC), it produces highly efficient, cleaner combustion with one cylinder and compressed air in the other. not as a production unit.

Engine

Engine San Antonio Production Concept Engine

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

The alternative-fuel car evolved to reduce exhaust emissions and other problems derived from burning fossil fuels. The impetus for this change came from a study by the US Idaho National Lab [ 2 ]. This potential has been verified by many studies from the US National Laboratories.). by Professor Andrew Alfonso Frank.

PHEV

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2023

A new study by researchers from Washington State University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has found that a catalyst using a single or just a few palladium atoms removed 90% of unburned methane from natural gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. The work is published in the journal Nature Catalysis.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Gas Carbon

Perspective: Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Programs May be the Solution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2010

RGGI: A Case Study. While opponents of clean energy reform falsely claim that a cap-and-trade system would harm the economy, RGGI provides a working model and active case study of how reducing pollution can actually drive economic growth. WHY REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS CAP-AND-TRADE PROGRAMS WILL WORK. CONCLUSION.

Gas

Gas Climate Change Emissions Climate

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Polish study links pollution and winter with rise in heart attack treatment

CMU study finds SOA levels in cities like LA will remain high despite cleaner cars; nonlinear relationship between SOA and NOx

Study finds that replacing older, highly polluting school buses could lead to 1.3 million fewer daily absences annually

Study finds “markedly” high levels of diesel exhaust present in commuter trains powered by locomotives in pull-mode

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Study links exposure to PM2.5 exposure to brain atrophy, memory decline in older women

DLR: cleaner aircraft emissions reduce the climate impact of contrail cirrus

Ricardo study finds retrofitted Euro III bus can emit less NOx than newer Euro V hybrid

Argonne VERIFI researchers applying GSA to investigate combustion engine parameters; seeking cleaner and more efficient engines

KCL study finds London air pollution from traffic improving, but continues to exceed limits in many parts of city

Study finds biodiesel use in HD trucks in Canada will result in very minimal changes in air quality and health benefits

Study finds highly-turbocharged alcohol-fueled DISI engines could be more efficient than diesels

Next Generation Ford EcoBoost to Offer Cooled EGR; Exploring More Advanced Turbocharging, Ethanol Options

California ARB Report Finds Fine Particle Air Pollution Responsible for 9,000 Premature Deaths in State Each Year; Based on US EPA Peer-Reviewed Study

Model Fuels Consortium and Reaction Design developing predictive modeling software for soot particle size and number

Modified SOFC anodes allow operation at lower temperatures with carbon-containing gases; potential for much more efficient and cleaner generation of electricity from coal

California ARB petitions US EPA for “Tier 5” stricter locomotive emissions standards

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engine Working Group formed

Reaction Design to add advanced soot particle-size prediction capability to FORTÉ

Mazdas new SKYACTIV gasoline and diesel engines are steps on the road to its Ideal Engine; focus on compression ratio

Neste and Boeing to partner on commercialization of renewable aviation fuels

KAUST team develops computational model for simulating soot production in gasoline direct injection engines

Commercial Shipping Emits Almost Half As Much Particulate Pollution as Total Released by World’s Cars

Auburn University leads $2M DOE Co-Optima project to evaluate renewable butyl acetate as diesel fuel additive

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Small-displacement two-stroke H2 engine could address performance and emissions cost-effectively for recreational market; potential for Asian motor vehicle fleet

Researchers use LCLS to get real-time view of chemical reaction; important insight into how catalysts work

Dearman and Hubbard Products form technology partnership for zero-emission transport refrigeration

NYSERDA awards $4.6M to 17 transportation projects; support for Syracuse U supercritical diesel injection project

European Clean Sky JTI Issues Second Call for Proposals; 8.4M for 24 Topics

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Scuderi Group Will Present Results from Split-Cycle Prototype Testing at IAA

CCFA counters Paris mayor’s proposed total diesel ban with suggestion to focus on legacy fleet

First Firing for the Scuderi Split-Cycle Engine

IIT team explores combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of HCNG blends in spark ignition engine

FEV analysis of automotive-scale Pinnacle opposed-piston engine finds potential for significant increases in fuel economy

Scuderi Group Unveils Cutaway Model of First Production Prototype of Split Cycle Engine

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

Perspective: Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Programs May be the Solution

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