Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2013

According to the latest status report on the progress of California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (CA-LCFS) ( earlier post ), regulated parties in the LCFS—oil producers, importers and other fuel providers—continued to exceed the required reductions in carbon intensity specified by the standard. Earlier post.). gCO 2 e/MJ and 59.6

2013 225

2013 Carbon Fuel Standards 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2011

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) will consider at its December 2011 meeting amendments to the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) regulation. Electricity Regulated Party Revisions. The markets for electric vehicles (EV) and EV fueling infrastructure have evolved and continue to evolve. Earlier post.).

Carbon 231

Carbon Oil California Standards 231

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2012

Their paper, to be published in the summer issue of the journal Issues in Science and Technology , is based on their earlier study that found that strategies to promote adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., Earlier post.).

Plug-in 319

Plug-in Plug Batteries Battery 319

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2012

An analysis of the US refining sector, based on linear programming (LP) modeling, finds that refining plausibly high volumes of Canadian oil sands crudes in US refineries in 2025 would lead to a modest increase in refinery CO 2 emissions (ranging between 5.4% to 9.3%) from a 2010 baseline, depending upon the supply scenario.

Oil-Sands 247

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions CO2 247

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2011

Value of life-cycle emissions externality damages and oil premium costs from vehicles in 2010 $. Strategies to promote adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., Michalek et al. Click to enlarge. Michalek and colleagues.

PHEV 186

PHEV Oil Emissions Batteries 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2012

The federal subsidy significantly favors larger battery packs to a stronger degree than their potential for additional gasoline savings. A 2011 paper by Michalek and colleagues found that strategies to promote adoption of HEVs and PHEVs with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., Peterson and Michalek 2012.

Gasoline 308

Gasoline PHEV Gasoline-Electric Batteries 308

Green Car Congress

MARCH 15, 2013

Adjusted CO 2 emissions and adjusted fuel economy, MY 1975-2011. Data for MY 2011 are final; data for MY 2012 are preliminary and based on projected vehicle production values provided to EPA by manufacturers. The fleet-wide average real world MY 2011 personal vehicle CO 2 emissions value is 398 g/mi and average fuel economy is 22.4

Fuel Economy 284

Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2009

In 2011, the largest dollar volume for Li-ion automotive applications could come from the mini EV and EREV segment. As one example of factors contributing to that decision, a survey of projected oil prices returned values between $30 and $250 a barrel, he said.). Representative battery pack size is below each segment. Click to enlarge.

Li-ion 150

Li-ion 2011 Market Hybrid 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Transportation sector gasoline demand declines. Among its many findings, the Reference case suggests that US primary energy consumption will grow by 7% from 2011 to 2040 to 108 quadrillion Btu. However, energy use per capita declines by 15% from 2011 through 2040 as a result of improving energy efficiency (e.g.,

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 16, 2011

Greenstar Recycling is partnering with the City of Akron to construct a single stream recycling processing facility that will include processing technology to convert recovered plastic into synthetic crude oil. Specifications of Vadxx crude oil are largely functions of the raw materials consumed and the operating parameters employed.

Oil 186

Oil Polymer Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2010

In a pre-response to that speech, having successfully advocated for plug-in hybrids like the forthcoming Chevy Volt, we propose that the President follow that speech up with a “realistic and conservative” roadmap to halve our oil use in 10 years. Oil is holding us all hostage, economically and physically. Finally, it’s time to begin.

Oil 252

Oil Conversion 2020 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

EPA projects advanced transmissions (6+ speeds and CVTs), gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems, and turbocharged engines will be installed on at least 15% of all MY 2013 vehicles. The majority of the emissions and fuel savings from current vehicles, EPA noted, is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy 2012 Economy EPA 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. Domestic production of crude oil has increased significantly, from approximately 5.5 million bpd in 2010 to 6.5 million bpd in 2012 and 7.5 million bpd by mid-2013.

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Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Teslarati

MARCH 13, 2023

Maryland aligned with the California Air Resource Board (CARB) vehicle standards in 2011 and is one of seventeen states in the U.S. “ It is based on California’s economy, California’s transportation needs, and California’s electrical grid.” state to ban the sale of new gasoline cars by 2035.

Maryland 98

Maryland Gas Sale Vehicles 98

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

Now, researchers at Imperial College London have shown that bioethanol production from bamboo in China is both technically and economically feasible, as well as cost-competitive with gasoline. China bioethanol pump price for five enzyme loading scenarios in ( a ) 2011 with a 16¢ per liter (60.6¢ Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 351

Gasoline China Tax London 351

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2014

The California law enabling single-occupant access to the HOV lanes was meant to stimulate sales for fuel-efficient, ultra low-emission vehicles, with the goals of reducing dependence on foreign oil and saving money at the gasoline pump. While adding a single hybrid to any HOV lane at 2 a.m. 6, Issue 3 doi: 10.1257/pol.6.3.1.

California 287

California Hybrid Los Angeles Tax Credit 287

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

The growth reflects an expected 90% increase in electricity use, led by developing countries where 1.3 billion people are currently without access to electricity. Over the same period, electric and plug-in vehicles are expected to grow to about 70 million cars, or less than 5 percent of the total fleet. Transportation.

Oil-Sands 309

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale 309

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2011

A recent discussion paper published by the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, concludes that significant penetration of electric cars into the US marketplace will only occur if the vehicles are competitive with conventional vehicles, not only on a cost basis, but also on an attribute basis.

Electric Vehicles 210

Electric Vehicles Market Gasoline-Electric Vehicles 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2011

Water consumption intensity of ethanol from corn grain and crop residue and the avoided/displaced water use credits assigned to coproducts: DGS and electricity. BW consumption intensities of gasoline from conventional crude oil and Canadian oil sands range from 0.41 Credit ACS, Mishra and Yeh. Click to enlarge.

Water 199

Water Davis Oil-Sands Nebraska 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2015

Mahle has developed a new thermal spray coating for modern high-output direct-injection turbocharged gasoline engines (GTDI). Under development since 2011 at Mahle’s thermal spray development labs in Michigan, the new process initially was designed for high-output GTDI engines currently in production by two US domestic automakers.

Engine 150

Engine Fuel Michigan South America 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

Very broadly, they found that an LCFS would buffer the economy against global oil price spikes, trim demand for petroleum, and lessen upward pressure on gas prices. Set a target of reducing the carbon intensity of gasoline and diesel by 10 to 15 percent by 2030. Create separate fuel pools for gasoline and diesel.

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

In regions where the share of coal-based electricity is relatively low, EVs can achieve substantial GHG reduction, the team reports in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. According to the 12 th Five-Year Plan of the China Coal Industry (2011?2015) Earlier post.]

Coal 231

Coal Pollution China Gas 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2013

The Workplace Charging Challenge aims to expand the availability of workplace charging for American workers——increasing the convenience of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and providing drivers with more options.

Charging 199

Charging Alternative Fuels Fleet Clean 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2013

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has posted six new Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) pathway applications to the LCFS public comment web site: corn ethanol; molasses ethanol (from Brazil); palm fatty acid distillates (PFAD) to biodiesel; and landfill gas to LNG, L-CNG, and CNG. Earlier post.) Earlier post.) gCO 2 e/MJ and 98.03

Oil 247

Oil California Gas Gas-Electric 247

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

Ford’s approach to the project was to engineer a comprehensive suite of gasoline engine systems technologies, including: Aggressive engine downsizing in a mid-sized sedan from a large V-6 to a small I-4. I4 / 25 bar BMEP; during the concept evaluation in 2010 and 2011, the research team revised the architecture to 2.3L Earlier post.).

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy Ford Economy Engine 247

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

—Low Carbon Fuel Standard 2011 Program Review Report. California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff are to present the results of these reviews to the ARB by 1 January 2012, and 1 January 2015. The Advisory Panel has now met officially six times during 2011. —Low Carbon Fuel Standard 2011 Program Review Report.

Carbon 244

Carbon Standards Fuel Oregon 244

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2012

Tax credits and gasoline prices necessary for various electric vehicles to be cost-competitive with conventional vehicles at 2011 vehicle prices. The electric vehicles that are the focus of this study fall into two broad classes: plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery-electric vehicles. Source: CBO.

Tax Credit 252

Tax Credit Gasoline Tax Gasoline-Electric 252

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2013

The power plant then combusts the more energy dense syngas to produce electricity. Our system will enable power plants to use less natural gas to produce the same amount of electricity they already make. The US Energy Information Administration estimates natural gas will make up 27% of the nation’s electricity by 2020.

Solar 265

Solar Gas Fuel Power 265

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

The same highly electrified scenarios, however, could not satisfy 80% GHG-reduction targets, even assuming 80% decarbonized electricity and no growth in travel demand. The researchers also considered intermediate (20% electric-powered miles) electrification—halfway between the high and low.

Carbon 150

Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2013

VCR 4-cylinder engine (projected data) from a 2011 report by Envera. In a 2010 report (revised in 2011) for NETL, Envera described the technology and the its approach to achieving a high-efficiency VCR engine. Envera variable compression ratio mechanism from a 2011 report to DOE. Turbo-DI V6 (both with actual data), and a 2.2L

Engine 207

Engine Eaton Fuel Economy Downsizing 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2011

Net emissions resulting from the use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) depend on the efficiency of the conventional vehicle fleet; PHEV CD (all-electric, charge-depleting mode) efficiency; charging strategy; battery pack capacity; driving patterns; and generator mix used for charging. —Peterson et al. Peterson, J.

PHEV 240

PHEV Emissions CO2 Gasoline-Electric 240

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2011

Gasoline section shows results for fuel derived from both conventional oil and oil sands. The development of this resource has generated interest in expanding NG usage in areas such as electricity generation and transportation. Expansion bars show the components of fuel production. Credit: ACS, Burnham et al.

Gas 284

Gas Coal Emissions Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

Washington, DC’s current focus is electric vehicles (EVs) and electric technology. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continues to employ outdated mileage formulas (55 city 45 highway) that do not accurately represent consumers driving habits and dramatically tilts manufacturers into producing electric-vehicle solutions.

Standards 247

Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG 247

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell has signed two pieces of legislation that promote the use of natural gas, electric or other alternative-fueled vehicles in the Commonwealth. He also signed a new executive order setting out the state alternative fuel plan required by House Bill 2282. HB2105 (Bulova). Executive Order #36.

Alternative Fuels 236

Alternative Fuels Virginia Gas-Electric Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2012

The study project—which is 50% complete—is using ORNL’s Market Acceptance of Advanced Automotive Technologies (MA3T) discrete choice model, with the baseline calibrated to the US Energy Information Administration’s Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) 2011 reference case. gallon of gasoline equivalent to $4.0;

Hydrogen 281

Hydrogen Market Vehicles Plug-in 281

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2011

million barrels per day of gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, natural gas liquids and crude oil through more than 8,000 miles of pipelines. Carbon dioxide is used in enhanced oil recovery projects. Second largest oil producer in Texas, producing more than 50,000 barrels per day. billion cubic feet per day. and Washington state.

El Paso 225

El Paso North America Gas Purchase 225