2005, Ozone and United States

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5 Together, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. They first obtained emissions data from each of seven sectors for the years 2005, 2011, and 2018.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2019

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 (ozone), is significantly associated with increasing emphysema, according to a new study led by the University of Washington, Columbia University and the University at Buffalo. The annual averages of ozone levels in study areas were between about 10 and 25 ppb.

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Washington Universal

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

emissions from combustion sources such as industrial smokestacks, vehicle tailpipes, marine and rail operations, and commercial and residential heating throughout the United States cause about 200,000 (90% CI: 90,000–362,000) premature deaths each year, with another 10,000 (90% CI: ?1,000 53,000 (90% CI: 24,000–95,000) PM 2.5

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. Nitrogen dioxide pollution, averaged yearly from 2005-2011, has decreased across the United States.

Ozone

Ozone Maryland Pollution Aura

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2016

The United States allows vehicle manufacturers to obtain equivalent fuel economy (and GHG) credits with alternative refrigerants, which China could also adopt to facilitate transition, the ICCT authors noted. These were shown to be ozone-depleting, however, and were targeted for phasing out under the 1987 Montreal Protocol.

China

China Ozone Chinese United States

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2010

From 2005 through 2020, total US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are projected to rise by 4% under a “with measures” scenario (but without a cap-and-trade program and other complementary policies), from 7,109 Tg CO 2 Eq. from 2005 to 2020. The United States released previous Climate Action Reports in 1994, 1997, 2002, and 2006.

Climate

Climate 2020 Emissions Climate Change

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

Most of this infrared radiation passes through the atmosphere, but some is absorbed by GHG molecules like CO 2 , methane, ozone and others. The United States contributes about 8% of the global emissions of BC. Within the United States, BC is estimated to account for approximately 12% of all direct PM 2.5

Congress

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In the absence of major technological innovations or policy changes, the United States is unlikely to meet cellulosic biofuel mandates under the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) by 2022, according to a new report from the National Research Council. Barriers and opportunities.

Renewable

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

In 2005, their sales increased even further, accounting for approximately 54% of all new car sales. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in the United States. Hydrous ethanol has been used in the United States as a transportation fuel for at least one hundred years. Until fairly recently, these US motor vehicles were non-FFVs.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

EV Driven

Satellite method provides insight into ozone-NOx-VOCs sensitivity for different locations

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Study associates long-term exposure to air pollution with increasing emphysema

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

ICCT study finds that transitioning to low-GWP MAC refrigerants in China could avoid up to US$150B in costs

US Climate Action Report to UN Projects 4% Growth in Total US GHG Emissions to 2020

EPA report to Congress finds a strong scientific and technical foundation for mitigating black carbon emissions

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

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