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China’s 2005 Carbon Emissions Almost Twice As Much As 2002 Emissions

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Carbon emissions associated with increased exports from China (left), as part of a more systematic view of increased national emissions (right), 2002 to 2005. Researchers from Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States, estimated in the study that China’s 2005 carbon emissions were 80.59% or more higher than 2002 emissions. “

2002 170
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Study Finds that US Subsidies for Fossil Fuels Are Almost 2.5x Those for Renewables

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US subsidies for fuels and renewable energy, 2002-2008. The study, “Estimating US Government Subsidies to Energy Sources: 2002-2008”, found that fossil fuels benefited from approximately $72 billion over the seven-year period, while subsidies for renewable fuels totaled $29 billion. Nuclear was not included in the analysis.

Renewable 338
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EPA researchers suggest US electricity consumers should be willing to pay 2-4x for emission-free alternatives to fossil fuel electricity due to health impacts

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2002), respectively. For coal, oil, and natural gas, respectively, associated economic values of health impacts are $0.19–$0.45/kWh, For coal and oil, these costs are larger than the typical retail price of electricity, demonstrating the magnitude of the externality. The high (?) values are given by Laden et al. 2012.03.003.

EPA 277
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BP and Davy select 3 leading EPC contractors for BP/Davy Fischer-Tropsch commercial deployment

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The BP/Davy fixed-bed FT process produces diesel, jet fuel (JP8) and naphtha from natural gas, biomass- or coal-derived syngas. The Nikiski plant started production in 2002, using a proprietary cobalt-based BP catalyst. BP has been developing FT technology since 1981 and has been in partnership with Davy Process Technology since 1996.

Davis 199
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EIA: China’s use of methanol in liquid fuels has grown rapidly since 2000; >500K bpd in 2016

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About two-thirds of China’s methanol feedstock is produced from coal and the remainder from coking gas (a by-product of steel production) and natural gas. China has abundant coal resources, and for more than a decade the country has increased its capacity to manufacture methanol using coal as a feedstock.

2000 150
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Stanford GCEP awards $6.6M to 7 projects; focus on combining energy conversion with carbon-neutral fuel production

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The 7 awards bring the total number of GCEP-supported research programs to 104, with total funding of approximately $125 million since the project’s launch in 2002. The goal is to design a novel fuel cell that uses coal and water to generate hydrogen, water and a stream of carbon dioxide gas, which can be captured and sequestered.

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Mascoma Announces Feedstock Processing and Lignin Supply Agreement with Chevron Technology Ventures; Chevron Working on Converting Lignin to Hydrocarbon Fuel Components

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Lignin is a complex chemical compound (a cross-linked amorphous phenolic polymer) and is the biomass component with highest energy content (9,000 - 11,000 Btu/lb compared to 7,300 - 7,500 for cellulose, Johnson 2002). Chevron says tests have shown that this produced water does not inhibit the lignin conversion.

Chevron 249