article thumbnail

Researchers Discover New Chemistry for Ozone Formation; Not Yet Monitored or Incorporated into Atmospheric Models

Green Car Congress

A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) Under extreme circumstances, this previously unknown chemistry could account for up to 40 parts per billion (ppb) of ozone; the current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8-hour average standard is 75 ppb.

Ozone 150
article thumbnail

Emissions of potent GHG HFC-23 have grown, contradicting reports of huge reductions

Green Car Congress

Despite reports that global emissions of the potent greenhouse gas, HFC-23, were almost eliminated in 2017, an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol, has found atmospheric levels growing at record values. This would have been a big win for climate. —co-author Dr Matt Rigby. —Dr Stanley. Resources.

Emissions 199
article thumbnail

Researchers suggest that air quality tests need simplifying to help reduce dangerous emissions

Green Car Congress

Lead author Professor William Stockwell from the University of Texas at El Paso explains that accurate simulations of air pollutants require updated and accurate descriptions of the chemical processes for the changing chemical regimes of the atmosphere and emerging contaminants of concern. Stockwell, Emily Saunders, Wendy S. Goliff & Rosa M.

Emissions 170
article thumbnail

NC State Researchers Developing Ozonolysis Pretreatment for Energy Grass Feedstocks

Green Car Congress

Researchers at North Carolina State University are developing an ozone-based pre-treatment technique (ozonolysis) to release sugars from the energy grass miscanthus for production into renewable fuels or chemicals with minimal generation of chemical waste streams and degradation of the carbohydrate components.

Ozone 170
article thumbnail

Study Finds Current Swedish Biofuels Offer Major Climate Benefits; Biogas from Manure the Best

Green Car Congress

A study by researchers at Lund University in Sweden found that Swedish biofuels produce between 65 and 148% less greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline and diesel, even when direct and indirect land use changes are taken into account. Pål Börjesson, researcher in Environment and Energy Systems at Lund University.

Climate 170
article thumbnail

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Green Car Congress

Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have performed life cycle assessments (LCA) of three batteries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and full performance battery electric (BEV) vehicles. Flow diagram of the battery system, defined by the functional unit of 50 MJ stored and delivered to the powertrain.

article thumbnail

UC Davis Begins $2.8M Studies on Impacts of Escaped Nitrogen

Green Car Congress

University of California, Davis researchers will receive $2.8 Wastes from cattle, chickens and other livestock include nitrogen. million in new grants to study the use and impacts of escaped nitrogen from agricultural production. But excess nitrogen is emitted from soils, seeps into groundwater and runs off into surface waters.

Davis 240