Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2013

Natural gas is the fastest-growing fossil fuel, as global supplies of tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane increase. The Brent crude oil spot price averaged $112 per barrel in 2012, and EIA’s July 2013 Short-Term Energy Outlook projects averages of $105 per barrel in 2013 and $100 per barrel in 2014.

2010 317

2010 Transportation Fuel Energy 317

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

The Nikkei reports that the nationwide average price in Japan for regular gasoline was ¥139.8 per gallon US) as of Monday, dropping for the 13 th straight week to a 16-month low, according to the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy. per liter ($6.65

Japan 258

Japan Gasoline Fuel Gasoline-Electric 258

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

However, the study found that the growth of CO 2 emissions by 2030 would only be 1-5% lower than if subsidies had been maintained, regardless of whether oil prices are low or high. First, these subsidies generally apply only to oil, gas, and electricity. This is facilitated by today’s low oil prices.

Emissions 186

Emissions Fuel CO2 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

World oil prices remain high in the IEO2011 Reference case, but oil consumption continues to grow; both conventional and unconventional liquid supplies are used to meet rising demand. In the IEO2011 Reference case the price of light sweet crude oil (in real 2009 dollars) remains high, reaching $125 per barrel in 2035.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil 2008 Oil Prices 220

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2009

The brief concentrates on six topics: climate change policy, carbon capture and storage policy, oil security policy, energy-technology innovation policy, electricity market structure, and infrastructure policy. Oil security policy. If the price later rose above $90, the tax would disappear.

Energy 150

Energy Price Oil Prices Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2017

At home, the kingdom needs oil and natural gas for transportation, industrial production and electricity generation. Each of these sources of domestic demand is increasing, propelled by rising populations, growing incomes and subsidized end-user prices that, despite a recent adjustment, remain among the lowest in the world.

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Oil Production Climate 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

A new study by the French institute Enerdata, commissioned by the European Federation for Transport & Environment (T&E), suggests that the European CO 2 standards for new vehicles due to come into effect in 2012 will lead not only to a European savings on oil (mainly via lower oil import volumes) but also to slightly lower global oil prices.

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2010

A co-production scenario—yet to be commercial—would take unconverted syngas from the FT reactor and combust it in a combined cycle power plant to generate electricity that is sold to the grid. Even with CCS, the liquid product costs are comparable to recent crude oil prices. Source: Mantripragada and Rubin.

Coal 231

Coal Oil Prices CO2 Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards and CAFE standards increase new LDV fuel economy through model year 2025 and beyond, with more fuel-efficient new vehicles gradually replacing older vehicles on the road and raising the fuel efficiency of the LDV stock by an average of 2.0% per year, from 21.5 l/100 km) in 2012 to 37.2

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Sales of battery-powered electric vehicles are 65% lower in the AEO2013 Reference case than the year before, with annual sales in 2035 estimated to be about 119,000. Reductions in battery electric vehicles are offset by increased sales of hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles, which grow to about 1.3 million, or less than one-half the 2.9

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA’s AEO2012 projects a continued decline in US imports of liquid fuels due to increased production of gas liquids and biofuels and greater fuel efficiency. EIA added a premium to the capital cost of CO 2 -intensive technologies to reflect current market behavior regarding possible future policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2017

With the successful scale-up of this technology, it is believed that Gevo’s HEDFs could be produced at a lower cost than the petroleum-based equivalent, even at current oil prices. HEDFs are currently used in air and sea-launched cruise missiles used by the US military forces. Patrick Gruber, Gevo’s CEO.

Fuel 170

Fuel Oil Prices Oil Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2011

According to a recently published report commissioned by the Victoria (Australia) Department of Transport from AECOM, electric vehicle (EV) technology offers the state of Victoria potentially significant economic benefits by the late 2020s. electricity supply to provide the necessary protections from higher voltages. Scenario 1.

PHEV 210

PHEV Oil Prices Australia Price 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. tonnes per capita, despite a decline due to the recession in 2008-2009, high oil prices and an increased share of natural gas. tonnes per capita.

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. 2010, to above 140 $/bbl in constant 2010 dollars).

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

Technically feasible levels of energy efficiency and decarbonized energy supply alone will not be sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, according to a detailed modeling of the California economy performed by a team from Energy and Environmental Economics, the Monterey. Williams et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

” also sees steady adoption of on-shore wind and electric vehicle technologies, but suggests that off-shore wind and carbon capture and sequestration look likely to fade or decline. Base case economics for EVs in North America are very challenging, absent significant disruption in oil price or battery cost.

Solar 295

Solar Boston Consulting Group Power Powered 295

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2011

Energy executives expect continued volatility in the price-per-barrel of oil for the remainder of the year, with 64% predicting crude prices to exceed $121 per barrel. Only 35% think current crude prices are near the high they expect for oil this year, predicting the peak will be between $111 and $120 per barrel.

Oil 225

Oil Energy Wind 2011 225

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

The IEO2009 reference case does not include specific policies to limit greenhouse gas emissions. World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. As the world’s economies recover, higher world oil prices are assumed to return and to persist through 2030. billion metric tons in 2006 to 33.1

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2010

General Motors and Hawaii’s The Gas Company (TGC), the state’s major gas energy provider, are collaborating on a hydrogen infrastructure project. Fuel prices are among the highest in the US. Electricity costs are the highest in the US. It has the ability to make excess hydrogen from the process and add to the gas stream.

Hawaii 225

Hawaii Hydrogen GM Gas 225

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

The KPMG study, “Expect the Unexpected: Building Business Value in a Changing World”, explores issues such as climate change, energy and fuel volatility, water availability and cost and resource availability, as well as population growth spawning new urban centers. Population Growth: The world population is expected to grow to 8.4

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2012

Performance in the study is measured by such metrics as: (1) required selling price of the fuel; (2) crude oil price when the process will become economically viable; (3) the Well-to-Wheels (WTW) life cycle GHG emissions profile of the diesel fuel; and (4) the water usage associated with the facility. —White and Gray.

Coal 225

Coal Diesel Oil Prices Water 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

The transportation sector thus represents a significant fraction of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions both globally and in the US—light-duty vehicles (LDVs) are responsible for 17.5% Electrification will also reduce oil dependence, providing foreign policy benefits and the potential to reduce real oil prices and oil price volatility.

Transportation 252

Transportation MIT Oil Prices Oil 252

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2015

The report, “ Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2014 ”, concludes that biomass, hydropower, geothermal and onshore wind are all competitive with or cheaper than coal, oil and gas-fired power stations, even without financial support and despite falling oil prices. Real weighted average cost of capital is 7.5%

Renewable 150

Renewable Parts Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2009

Gas Conditioning. Projected output of the Clinton Project is a maximum 13,000 barrels of diesel per day (15,800 barrels of oil equivalent per day or 5.3 Syngas projects about a 10% ROI at US$60/barrel of crude, which higher returns at higher oil prices. Syngas’s Coal/Biomass-to-Liquid (CBTL) Project in South Australia.

Coal 218

Coal Australia Diesel Oil Prices 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2014

DNV and GL merged in September 2013 to form DNV GL—the world’s largest ship and offshore classification society, the leading technical advisor to the global oil and gas industry, and a leading expert for the energy value chain including renewables and energy efficiency. —“Alternative Fuels for Shipping”.

Alternative Fuels 231

Alternative Fuels Fuel Gas-Electric Mariner 231

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

The WEO finds that the extraordinary growth in oil and natural gas output in the United States will mean a sea-change in global energy flows. In the New Policies Scenario, the WEO ’s central scenario, the United States becomes a net exporter of natural gas by 2020 and is almost self-sufficient in energy, in net terms, by 2035.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2010

Examples of emerging oil sands related technologies and trade-offs. Debate about the future of oil sands development is so contentious that even the name of the resource is disputed: proponents typically use oil sands while opponents use tar sands. Credit: ACS, Bergerson and Keith. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Coal 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2010

Kreutz presented the paper at the 10 th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies ( GHGT-10 ) earlier this fall in The Netherlands. Over time, however, as the CO 2 price increases, it eventually becomes more economical to either retrofit plants to capture and store most of. their CO 2 (e.g. ~90%)

Transportation 231

Transportation Convert Waste CO2 231

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2009

In two other scenarios considered, a high oil price scenario (using EIA projections) and a battery swap operator-subsidzied scenario, EV new vehicle sales penetration reaches 85% and 86% respectively by 2030. Electric Cars in the United States: A New Model with Forecasts to 2030” was written by Thomas Becker, a Ph.D.

Electric Cars 150

Electric Cars Batteries Battery Market 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2010

The total cost of ownership includes the vehicle price, annual fuel and maintenance costs and insurance. An AECOM-led study of plug-in electric vehicle economics for the New South Wales, Australia government concluded that electric vehicles are economically and financially viable in the NSW market today. Source: AECOM.

Australia 199

Australia Market Plug-in Plug 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

PHEVs fueled with advanced biofuels and low carbon, renewable electricity (for PC). BEVs fueled with low carbon, renewable electricity (for PC). FCVs fueled with low carbon, renewable hydrogen (for PC). The latter powertrain technologies also offer the advantage of zero pollutant emissions.

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

A new study by researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder projects the emission impacts of the widespread introduction of inexpensive and efficient electric vehicles into the US light duty vehicle (LDV) sector. In the BAU scenario, SO 2 emissions from electricity generation fall from 5 million tonnes in 2010 to 1.4

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2009

As one example of factors contributing to that decision, a survey of projected oil prices returned values between $30 and $250 a barrel, he said.). Dividing that forecast in to application segments—micro-, mild-, full-, and plug-in hybrids; mini-electric (e.g., By 2015, he suggests, full hybrids (e.g.,

Li-ion 150

Li-ion 2011 Market Hybrid 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2009

Cautioning that the development and commercialization of the electric car is “ not a sprint, but a marathon ”, Volkswagen AG Chairman of the Board of Management Prof. Dr. Martin Winterkorn said that Volkswagen would introduce its first electric vehicles based on the up! Limited fossil fuel resources. VW and the electric car.

2013 150

2013 Companies Gas-Electric Recharge 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

of first-generation, land-using biofuels in EU road transport fuels delivers a net greenhouse gas reduction benefit (13 Mt CO 2 savings in a 20-year horizon) even after factoring in indirect land use change (ILUC) effects. Renewable energy options for road transport included first- and second-generation biofuels and electricity.

Transportation 210

Transportation Emissions Fuel 2020 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317