Exhaust, Ozone and Power

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

The levels of these non-fuel-derived gases will likely remain unchanged, even as more drivers transition from gas-powered to electric vehicles. Another important component of emissions is volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a broad classification of carbon-based molecules that are easily vaporized and that can contribute to ozone formation.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Annual average concentrations of fine particulates from US sources of combustion emissions from (a) electric power generation; (b) industry; (c) commercial and residential sources; (d) road transportation; (e) marine transportation; (f) rail transportation; (g) sum of all combustion sources; (h) all sources. Source: MIT. Click to enlarge.

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Transient Plasma Systems says advances are bringing plasma ignition technology closer to commercialization

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2021

Advanced ignition technologies, such as those offered by TPS, have been widely recognized as enablers to achieving higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions for gasoline-powered engines. An innovative plug configuration that reduces the breakdown voltage, resulting in significant cost and size reduction of the power supply.

Commercial

Commercial Los Angeles Exhaust Ozone

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. In the new hybrid-electric, or turbo-electric, design, a plane’s source of power would still be a conventional gas turbine, but it would be integrated within the plane’s cargo hold.

MIT

MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases. They are powerful climate forcers that remain in the atmosphere for a much shorter period of time than carbon dioxide.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Concept California

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The EvapTrap provides a powerful solution to meet pending SULEV evaporative emissions standards while allowing auto manufacturers to use their existing air intake box, thus reducing complexity and cost for the OEM. Traditional solutions involve adding an activated carbon honeycomb or filter to the air intake box to adsorb the hydrocarbons.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel Economy Ozone Conversion

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. To reduce power demand, some accessories can be converted to electric power.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Using urban eddy covariance measurements, the researchers found that traffic-related NO x emissions in current operational air quality models can be significantly underestimated by up to a factor of 4 across countries with a sizeable fraction of diesel-powered cars in their fleet. TWC treatment can lead to a 10 fold reduction of NO.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Particle traps filter out soot particles from exhaust fumes. Soot could be further reduced by converting vehicles to run on renewable electric power. 1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. Dessler et al., 2008] and methane [Schutz et al., Guenther et al.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

ARB Outfits Two Electric Vehicles to Measure Ground-Level GHG

Green Car Congress

JUNE 18, 2009

The California Air Resources Board has equipped two battery-powered electric vehicles to take ground level readings of greenhouse gases throughout the state. The zero-emission RAV 4s were given to ARB as part of a settlement agreement for air quality violations by Toyota.

Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Ozone Gas-Electric

Why Electric Buses Are the Healthy School Choice

Blink Charging

NOVEMBER 28, 2023

Many school districts use diesel buses for fuel efficiency, but even diesel exhaust was classified as a known carcinogen to humans in 2012. The tradeoff is in the budget: while faster, DC fast chargers require more power and are more expensive to install.

Fleet

Fleet Electric Electrical United States

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 Technologies such as cylinder deactivation (CDA), high efficiency variable geometry turbochargers with exhaust gas by-pass, and start-stop systems are only some of the commercially available fuel saving technologies that can be implemented by 2024.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) Emissions from normal operations include: natural gas engines and turbine uncombusted exhaust; bleed and discharge emissions from pneumatic devices; and fugitive emissions (leak) from system components.

2007

2007 2011 EPA Gas

CRC Releases Summary of Status of 8 Projects Investigating Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Non-FFV Highway Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

Testing is due to be complete next year, prompting the auto, oil and outdoor power equipment industries to urge the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to delay action on its proposal to allow higher levels of ethanol in gasoline until that testing is done. Exhaust emissions on vehicles aged on mid-level ethanol blends.

Vehicles

Vehicles Emissions 2010 Australia

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2011

Also, some behavioral adjustments among the population, e.g. increased diesel-powered taxi and bus trips to transport people into the zone, may have offset any benefits. —Kelly et al. Finally, other changes occurring at the same time (e.g. Resources.

London

London Charging Pollution Diesel

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2020

OptiFuel Systems, a system integrator of Cummins and BAE Systems hybrid power products for decarbonizing the rail, marine, and microgrid power market, is in the process of finalizing a $2.6 million US Department of Energy (DOE) grant to demonstrate a pre-production Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) hybrid 4,300 hp line-haul locomotive.

Grant

Grant Hybrid Ozone EPA

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The SuperTruck projects incorporated a number of vehicle power demand technologies that accounted for about 56 to 74% of the total fuel consumption reductions, with 26 to 44% coming from engine efficiency improvements. These projects have brought together a wide variety of companies, the national laboratories, and universities.

MPG

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Brazil introduced its current generation of ethanol-powered cars in 2003, the same year in which anhydrous ethanol consumption peaked. 80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. L) and medium-duty (6.4 L/2002 calibration and 6.4

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

Although real-world fuel economy improvements from GDI technology alone are close to 1.5%, they can reach 8% by downsizing and turbocharging the engine, which can be achieved on GDI engines without loss of power compared to PFI engines. We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. —Saliba et al.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

EV Driven

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Transient Plasma Systems says advances are bringing plasma ignition technology closer to commercialization

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

BASF introduces EvapTrap automotive hydrocarbon trap for LEV III evaporative emissions compliance without backpressure increase

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

ARB Outfits Two Electric Vehicles to Measure Ground-Level GHG

Why Electric Buses Are the Healthy School Choice

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

CRC Releases Summary of Status of 8 Projects Investigating Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Non-FFV Highway Vehicles

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

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