Carbon, Diesel, Gasoline and Ozone

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

There are widespread policy assumptions that the phase-out of gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines will over time lead to much reduced emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from road transport and related fuels. Cliff et al. —Cliff et al. the products used for “car care,” such as windshield washer fluid.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. —Dunmore et al. Dunmore et al.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. Renault assessed the diesel Fluence dCi (1.5L dCi); gasoline Fluence 16V (1.6L); and the battery-electric Fluence Z.E. (22 Diesel Fluence dCi. Gasoline Fluence 16V. The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.)

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Pollution plumes in Paris air are richer in gaseous aromatic compounds than in LA; gasoline engines main source of VOCs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team of researchers from France and the US found that the origin of volatile hydrocarbons, other than methane, present in city air is mainly gasoline-powered vehicles. compounds containing 2-12 carbon atoms) are mainly produced by automobiles, a conclusion in line with previous findings.

Los Angeles

Los Angeles Pollution Gasoline Engine

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Blink Charging

SEPTEMBER 12, 2023

The transition away from gasoline and diesel vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) is going full throttle in the United States, and that includes the iconic yellow school bus. Roughly half a million school buses transport about 20 million students each school day in the United States, and nearly all those buses currently run on diesel.

Fleet

Fleet Pollution Diesel Ozone

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

The researchers analyzed extensive satellite and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

while the carbon intensity of its economy declined by 4.5%. Emissions from gasoline used in on-road vehicles are the main driver of that increase. Biofuels such as ethanol, biodiesel, and renewable diesel can displace fossil fuels and reduce the amount of fossil-based CO 2 emissions released into the atmosphere.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

These include carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter, and nitrogen oxides, which are regulated in the United States by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). HEI’s research program has addressed many important questions about the health effects of a variety of ambient air pollutants over the past two decades.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

US EPA Reports National Trends Show Improvements in Air Quality

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2010

Since 1990, nationwide air quality has improved significantly for the six common air pollutants: ground-level ozone; particle pollution; lead; nitrogen dioxide; carbon monoxide; and sulfur dioxide, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report “Our Nation’s Air - Status and Trends through 2008”. annual PM 2.5

EPA

EPA Ozone 2000 2008

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

Some diesel cars that meet the latest Euro 6 standards in reality release more NO x than a modern heavy duty truck. Zurich remote sensing data shows a wide disparity between petrol and diesel car NO x emissions, and substantial noncompliance by diesel cars. Earlier post.). Source: The ICCT. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

London

London Emissions The Fia Foundation Pollution

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Using urban eddy covariance measurements, the researchers found that traffic-related NO x emissions in current operational air quality models can be significantly underestimated by up to a factor of 4 across countries with a sizeable fraction of diesel-powered cars in their fleet. The majority of the emissions is caused by diesel cars.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Results of the study suggest that soot is second only to carbon dioxide in contributing to global warming. Jacobson found that the combination of the two types of soot is the second-leading cause of global warming after carbon dioxide. Black carbon converts sunlight to heat and radiates it back to the air around it.

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

The finding helps advance research into ammonia as an alternative to carbon-based fuels for cars, airplanes, and power generation facilities. Nitric oxide is known to be harmful to human health, contributes to ozone depletion, and when it reacts with other compounds, contributes to acid rain and atmospheric warming.

Emissions

Emissions Hydrogen Fuel Global

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

EPA is proposing changes to the carbon monoxide and formaldehyde standards for light- and medium-duty vehicles, including at -7 °C. Future gasoline fuel property standards. EPA is also proposing to eliminate commanded enrichment for ICE-powered vehicles for power and component protection.

EPA

EPA Light Standards Emissions

UC Davis Begins $2.8M Studies on Impacts of Escaped Nitrogen

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2009

Farm machines burning oil, gasoline and diesel release nitrogen to the air. With this new funding, we can start to fill in those blanks, and improve management of nitrogen, carbon and water to help move agriculture toward sustainability in significant ways. Wastes from cattle, chickens and other livestock include nitrogen.

Davis

Davis Escape Ozone California

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

As the trend toward cleaner technologies with reduced exhaust emissions continues through the use of catalytic converters, diesel particulate filters (DPF), and improved fuels and engines, non-exhaust PM will soon surpass exhaust emissions and may well become dominant by 2020 both in terms of emissions and contributions to air quality.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. SOA contributions from the two sources are equivalent at 6% diesel fuel use. The United States and California state averages shown are based on total on- and off-road use. The urban areas in California shown are for on-road fuel use only.

Diesel

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

All volumes, except for volumes of biomass-based diesel, are in gallons of ethanol-equivalent. The consumption mandate for biomass-based diesel is to be met on a biodiesel-equivalent basis. Such land conversion may disrupt any future potential for storing carbon in biomass and soil. Economic effects.

Renewable

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Each certification level has its own permissible emission levels for non-methane organic gases (NMOG), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), formaldehyde (HCHO), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM). Vehicles that are engine certified include incomplete gasoline vehicles and those powered with diesel engines.

Emissions

Emissions Fleet California Vehicles

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. As currently practiced in a country such as Brazil, it can lead to emissions reductions of between 70% and well over 100% when substituted for gasoline. Source: “Assessing Biofuels”. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Water Emissions Oil

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

The cap is enforced by requiring each source that operates under the cap to turn in one allowance or offset credit for every metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO 2 e) that it emits. Over time, the cap will steadily decline. Because the allowances are tradable, individual emitters do not have specific emission limits.

2015

2015 Transportation Fuel Emissions

Study finds climate impact of long distance trip can vary by factor of 10 depending upon mode, efficiency and occupancy

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2013

A notable exception is for the small diesel car; with two passengers ( i.e., 50% occupancy), the specific climate impact is lower than for an average train or bus trip. Similar effects apply for diesel buses, but because of their higher unit emissions of BC and NO x , the contribution of SLCFs is more pronounced. fuel consumption.

Climate

Climate Diesel Emissions Climate Change

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2013

The program funds projects to encourage the development and use of new technologies and alternative and renewable fuels, including electricity, natural gas, biomethane, hydrogen, and gasoline and diesel substitutes, such as cellulosic ethanol (derived from woody materials, including agricultural waste), and biodiesel from waste grease.

Green Vehicles

Green Vehicles California 2014 2013

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them. cents to about 1.7

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

EV Driven

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Pollution plumes in Paris air are richer in gaseous aromatic compounds than in LA; gasoline engines main source of VOCs

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

US EPA Reports National Trends Show Improvements in Air Quality

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Tohoku team finds swirling ammonia in combustion chambers can help reduce NO emissions

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

UC Davis Begins $2.8M Studies on Impacts of Escaped Nitrogen

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

California ARB LEV III Concept Targeting Fleet-Average SULEV-Level Emissions Performance from New Vehicles by MY 2022

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

ARB releases proposed cap-and-trade regulation for comment; transportation fuels impacted in 2015

Study finds climate impact of long distance trip can vary by factor of 10 depending upon mode, efficiency and occupancy

California Energy Commission adopts $100M investment plan for 2013-2014 for green vehicles and fuels

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

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