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Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

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A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?3

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EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

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Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

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Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

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Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. These contributions involve a large number of chemical, microphysical, transport and, radiative processes in the global atmosphere.

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UNEP study: small number of measures targeting black carbon and tropospheric ozone could yield immediate climate benefits

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Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said.

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MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

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To make further progress, we should start focusing on road transportation and commercial and residential emissions. They first obtained emissions data from each of seven sectors for the years 2005, 2011, and 2018. Early-death source–receptor matrices for 2011. and/or ozone. Early-death source–receptor matrices for 2011.

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EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

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In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 Tg CO 2 eq) in 2011. Tg CO 2 eq) in 2011.

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Study finds global emissions of ethane and propane underestimated by more than 50%

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When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. The study used data collected from 20 observatories world-wide.

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